Wanano

Wanano

Dance of the Guanano with masks in 1933.
Regions with significant populations
Amazonas, Brazil (2005)	725
Vaupés River, Colombia (2018)	3.312
Languages
Wanano language, Tucano language

The Wanano are an Indigenous people of Brazil and Colombia, who speak a Tucanoan language.

Geographic distribution

The Wanano people live in northwestern Amazonia, on the Vaupés River. The diaspora of the Wanano people is spread between Brazil and Colombia, the total population is estimated at 1560, ^[1] however the population in Brazil is estimated at 447. ^[2] The number of speakers is quite high, it is still the first language of most of the population. It is seen as a healthy indigenous language. ^[3]

Early history

The Jesuits were the first ones to make their way into the area that is inhabited by the Wanano people today. In the late 1700s they established their base in São Gabriel da Cachoeira. Missionary expeditions along with resettlement continued throughout the 1900s. Boarding schools were set up in larger settlements like São Gabriel and students were sent to study there. ^[4] People from these missionaries would go into villages and encourage the indigenous peoples to abandon their beliefs and practice Christianity, along with speaking Portuguese.

The first documentation of Wanano people came from naturalist Alfred Wallace during his 1852 expedition along the Vaupés River. ^[5] Later in 1904, a German ethnologist Theodor Kock-Grünberg conducted research in the Wanano region. He observed their interactions with other indigenous groups, including ceremonies that included dance and burial practices. ^[5] Something that has been noted by Stenzel in her research that is an important detail to include is the Wanano people are very multilingual. ^[6]

Dr. Kristine Stenzel has also written articles regarding anthropological aspects of the Wanano people (2010, 2013) ^[7] as well in her 2004 dissertation where she discusses cultural aspects such as marriage and multilingualism. ^[8] Anthropologist Janet Chernela has also studied the Wanano society and published a book called “The Wanano Indians of the Brazilian Amazon” which takes a deeper look into Wanano society. ^[9]

References

1. Stenzel 2004, p. 23.
2. Moore, Galucio & Júnior 2008, p. 41.
3. Stenzel 2004, p. 38.
4. Stenzel 2004, p. 28.
5. Stenzel 2004, p. 29.
6. Stenzel 2004, p. 31.
7. Stenzel 2013.
8. Stenzel 2004.
9. Chernela 1996.

Sources

• Stenzel, Kristine (2004). A reference grammar of Wanano (PDF) (Ph.D. thesis). University of Colorado.
• Stenzel, Kristine (2013). A Reference Grammar of Kotiria (Wanano). Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN   978-0-8032-4649-2.
• Chernela, Janet M. (1996). The Wanano Indians of the Brazilian Amazon. University of Texas Press. Archived from the original on 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
• Moore, Dennis albert; Galucio, Ana Vilacy; Júnior, Nilson Gabas (2008). "Desafio de documentar e preservar línguas" (PDF). Scientific American Brasil. 3: 36–43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014.