White-eared pocket mouse

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White-eared pocket mouse
Status TNC G2.svg
Imperiled  (NatureServe) [2]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Heteromyidae
Genus: Perognathus
Species:
P. alticola [1]
Binomial name
Perognathus alticola [1]
Rhoads, 1894 [3]
Synonyms [1]
  • Perognathus alticolusRhoads, 1894 [orth. error]

The white-eared pocket mouse [1] [2] (Perognathus alticola) is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to the San Bernardino Mountains and the Tehachapi Mountains of southern California in the United States. [1] There are two subspecies of P. alticola in California, P. a. alticola and P. a. inexpectatus, both of which are considered species of special concern by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. [4]

Contents

Characteristics

White-eared pocket mice are native to the San Bernardino Mountains and Tehachapi Mountains in California. They are named after their feature of having white or yellowish hair on the external portion of their ear. Within the genus Perognathus , P. alticola is on the medium to large size. The back of the mouse is yellowish brown with blackish lines and the underbelly of it is white. The tail typically has two or three colors. The under portion is white and the top portion matches the back of the mouse with the tip of the tail being black or dusky in color. The body length, tail length, hind foot length and length of many other feature of the male is much larger than the female. This means they are sexually dimorphic based on size. [4]

Anatomy

Body Feature Length MeasurementsAverage (mm)Range (mm)
Total Body Length155142-177
Tail8070-95
Hind Foot2119-32
Ear65-6
Greatest Length of Cranium24.122.5-26.1
Nasal9.28.2-11.0
Maxillary10.68.0-13.9
Mandible12.811.9-14.2
Maxillary Toothrow3.52.9-3.8

[4]

Sexually dimorphic measurements

Average Measurement (mm)MalesFemales
Total Length163.6149.5
Body Length77.672.5
Tail Length21.920.7
Ear Length5.95.6
Greatest Depth of Cranium8.28.0
Greatest With of Cranium12.912.4

[4]

Distribution

White-eared pocket mice are only found in California. They can be found in Kern county, Los Angeles county, San Bernardino County and the San Bernardino Mountains. They inhabit arid shrubs and forests at elevations greater than 1,500 m (4,900 ft). [4]

Ecology

Perognathus alticola can be found in Ponderosa pine forest and open pine forest with bracken ferns Pteridium aquilinum , in wooded habitats that contain Joshua tree and pinyon-juniper woodland, and in grasslands with scattered Ponderosa pine. They can also be found in chaparral, coastal-sage, and areas with an abundance of Salsola . [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tehachapi Mountains</span> Mountain range of the Transverse Ranges in California

The Tehachapi Mountains are a mountain range in the Transverse Ranges system of California in the Western United States. The range extends for approximately 40 miles (64 km) in southern Kern County and northwestern Los Angeles County and form part of the boundary between the San Joaquin Valley and the Mojave Desert.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heteromyidae</span> Family of rodents

Heteromyidae is a family of rodents consisting of kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, pocket mice and spiny pocket mice. Most heteromyids live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the genus Heteromys are also found in forests and their range extends as far south as northern South America. They feed mostly on seeds and other plant parts, which they carry in their fur-lined cheek pouches to their burrows.

<i>Perognathus</i> Genus of mammals belonging to the kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, and pocket mice family of rodents

Perognathus is a genus of pocket mouse. Like other members of their family they are more closely related to pocket gophers than to true mice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Perognathinae</span> Subfamily of rodents

Perognathinae is a subfamily of rodents consisting of two genera of pocket mice. Most species live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, They feed mostly on seeds and other plant parts, which they carry in their fur-lined cheek pouches to their burrows.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">California pocket mouse</span> Species of rodent

The California pocket mouse is a species of nocturnal and primarily solitary rodent in the family Heteromyidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Olive-backed pocket mouse</span> Species of rodent

The olive-backed pocket mouse is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in the central Great Plains of Canada and the United States where it is widespread and relatively common; the IUCN considers it to be of "least concern".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Joaquin pocket mouse</span> Species of rodent

The San Joaquin pocket mouse or Salinas pocket mouse is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to California in the United States where it lives in desert or semi-desert habitats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Merriam's pocket mouse</span> Species of rodent

Merriam's pocket mouse is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in northeast Mexico and New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas in the United States. Its habitat is shortgrass prairie, desert areas with scrub and arid shrubland. The species is named to honor Clinton Hart Merriam, a biologist who first described several other members of the genus Perognathus, and first elucidated the principle of a "life zone" as a means of characterizing ecological areas with similar plant and animal communities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great Basin pocket mouse</span> Species of rodent

The Great Basin pocket mouse is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in British Columbia in Canada and the western United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pacific pocket mouse</span> Subspecies of rodent

The Pacific pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris pacificus, is endemic to California. It lives in sandy coastal soils of the coastal sage scrub ecoregion. It eats seeds and some insects. It was believed to be extinct until 1993, when a small population was discovered. It is now a federally listed Endangered animal species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">California montane chaparral and woodlands</span> Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub ecoregion in California, United States

The California montane chaparral and woodlands is an ecoregion defined by the World Wildlife Fund, spanning 7,900 square miles (20,000 km2) of mountains in the Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Coast Ranges of southern and central California. The ecoregion is part of the larger California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, and belongs to the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Western deer mouse</span> Species of rodent

The western deermouse or western deer mouse is a rodent native to North America. It is widespread throughout the western half of the continent, mainly in areas west of the Mississippi River.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Naylor, L. & Roach, N. (2017). "Perognathus alticola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T16631A22224213. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T16631A22224213.en . Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  2. 1 2 "Perognathus alticola". NatureServe Explorer An online encyclopedia of life. 7.1. NatureServe. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  3. "Perognathus alticolus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Best, Troy L. (2 June 1994). "Perognathus alticolus". Mammalian Species (463): 1–4. doi:10.2307/3504273. JSTOR   3504273.