Yasir Qadhi | |||||||
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Personal life | |||||||
Born | [1] | January 30, 1975 ||||||
Education | Yale University (MA, MPhil, PhD) Islamic University of Madinah (BA, MA) University of Houston (BS) | ||||||
Religious life | |||||||
Religion | Islam | ||||||
Denomination | Sunni [2] | ||||||
Jurisprudence | Hanbali [3] | ||||||
Creed | Athari [2] | ||||||
Movement | Neo-traditionalism [4] or Wasatism [5] [6] | ||||||
Muslim leader | |||||||
YouTube information | |||||||
Channel | |||||||
Years active | May 23, 2012–present | ||||||
Genre | Islamic | ||||||
Subscribers | 668 thousand [7] | ||||||
Total views | 110 million [7] | ||||||
Associated acts | Epic Masjid Memphis Islamic Center | ||||||
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Yasir Qadhi (formerly known by his kunya Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi) (born January 30, 1975) is a Pakistani American Muslim scholar and theologian. [8] He is dean of The Islamic Seminary of America and resident scholar of the East Plano Islamic Center in Plano, Texas. [9] He was formerly the dean of AlMaghrib Institute and taught in the religious studies department at Rhodes College. [10] He currently serves as chairman of the Fiqh Council of North America. [11]
Born in Texas to Pakistani Muhajir parents, Qadhi studied chemical engineering at the University of Houston, before studying Hadith and Islamic theology at the Islamic University of Madinah in Saudi Arabia. [8] He earned his PhD from Yale University where his dissertation focused on the writings of Ibn Taymiyyah. [12] Qadhi has written books and lectured widely on Islam and contemporary Muslim issues, and is considered one of the most influential Muslim scholars in the United States. [12] He has also consistently been listed in the annual listicle The 500 Most Influential Muslims. [13]
Qadhi was previously affiliated with Salafism, but has since left it. [14] He now identifies himself as a Wasatist [5] and has been described as such. [4] [6]
Qadhi was born in Houston, Texas to Pakistani Muhajir parents. [15] His father, a doctor by profession, founded the first mosque in the area, while his mother is a microbiologist, both from Karachi in Pakistan and whose ancestral homeland is Uttar Pradesh in India. [15] When he was five, the family moved to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, where he attended local schools. By 15 he had memorized the Qur'an and graduated from high school two years early as class valedictorian. [16] He returned to the United States, where he earned a B.Sc in Chemical Engineering at the University of Houston. [17]
After a short stint working in engineering at Dow Chemical, in 1996 Qadhi enrolled at the Islamic University of Medinah in Medina, Saudi Arabia. There, he earned a bachelor's degree in Arabic from the university's College of Hadith and Islamic Sciences and a master's degree in Islamic Theology from its College of Dawah. [17] [18] [19] Qadhi returned to the United States after working and studying for nine years in Saudi Arabia. [19] He completed a doctorate in theology at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. [17] [18]
Qadhi taught in the Religious Studies Department of Rhodes College, in Memphis, Tennessee. He previously was the Dean of Academic Affairs and an instructor for the AlMaghrib Institute, [18] a seminar-based Islamic education institution founded in 2001. The instructors travel to teach Islamic studies in English. He moved to the Dallas metropolitan area in early 2019, becoming the resident scholar of the East Plano Islamic Center. He is the Dean of Academic Affairs at The Islamic Seminary of America. [20]
Qadhi was a guest on an episode of Harvard professor Henry Louis Gates's television genealogy series Finding Your Roots on PBS. [21]
Qadhi has presented papers on jihad movements. In 2006, at a conference at Harvard Law School, Qadhi presented a 15-minute analysis of the theological underpinnings of an early militant movement in modern Saudi Arabia headed by Juhayman al-Otaibi. The movement had gained international attention when it held the Grand Mosque of Mecca hostage in 1979. [22]
In September 2009, he presented a paper at an international conference at the University of Edinburgh on understanding jihad in the modern world. He said the specific legal ruling ( fatwa ) of the 13–14th century theologian Ibn Taymiyya on the Mongol Empire has been wrongfully used in the 20th and 21st centuries by both jihadist and pacifist groups to justify their positions. [23] [24] The paper has been critiqued by some Salafi commentators, who say that they in fact did not revise the definition of Jihad. [25]
Qadhi believes that the practice of some Sufi Muslims visiting the graves of Sufi saints and calling upon Muhammad and calling upon them for help or guidance is not shirk (polytheism) but said it is haram, sinful, an evil innovation, and called it a stepping stone and gateway to shirk but not shirk in and of itself. [26] Qadhi has also stated that these Muslims should still be regarded as Muslims, though misguided. [26] He believes that questioning whether veneration of Sufi saints at gravesites can be called shirk is highly problematic because that would mean accusing many Muslim scholars who hold affirmative views towards it of committing shirk and being out of the fold of Islam. [26] He has said it is not shirk in and of itself unless they believe they are calling out to a god, intend to worship or believe in the saints to have independent powers in and of themselves. [26] He has also stated that Sufi Muslims that participate in the practice do not believe in the saints to be gods and don't intend it to be worship when calling upon them, nor do they believe that the saints are giving assistance to them completely independently from God. [26]
Yasir Qadhi has criticized progressive Muslims who interpret Islamic law as supporting homosexual relations, saying these teachings contain "very little Islam". [27]
In regards to religious liberties, Qadhi believes that Islamic teachings don't support or require that Muslim business owners discriminate or refuse service to LGBTQ individuals. Nonetheless, Qadhi expresses concern that Islamic institutions may face issues if they speak in a vulgar manner and employ or fire employees that don't conform to conservative beliefs regarding sexual behaviors. [27]
In the April 2016 issue of Dabiq Magazine, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant declared Qadhi, along with Hamza Yusuf, Bilal Philips, Suhaib Webb and numerous other Western Islamic speakers, as murtads, that is, apostates or blasphemers. [28] He was threatened with death for his denouncing of ISIS. [28]
Some of his statements have been controversial, including comments in a speech in 2001 questioning Hitler's motives in the Holocaust. He later stated that he regretted those comments and visited the Auschwitz concentration camp with a delegation of Muslim leaders. [15]
In January 2010, the British The Daily Telegraph reported that in 2001 Qadhi had described the Holocaust as a hoax and false propaganda, and had said that "Hitler never intended to mass-destroy the Jews." [29] [30] The following year The New York Times reported he said that most Islamic studies professors in the United States are Jews who "want to destroy us." [16]
Qadhi denied stating that the Holocaust was a hoax or that it was false propaganda, but in 2008 admitted that he had briefly held mistaken beliefs about the Holocaust, and had said "that Hitler never actually intended to massacre the Jews, he actually wanted to expel them to neighboring lands." Qadhi said that his views were wrong and said "I admit it was an error". [31] Qadhi added that he firmly believes "that the Holocaust was one of the worst crimes against humanity that the 20th century has witnessed" and that "the systematic dehumanization of the Jews in the public eye of the Germans was a necessary precursor" for that tragedy. [31] More generally, he said that he "fell down a slippery slope", expressing anger at actions of the Israeli government in the form of anti-Semitic remarks he later recognized as wrong. [16]
In July 2010, Qadhi was selected to participate in an official delegation of eight U.S. imams and Jewish religious leaders to visit the concentration camps at Auschwitz and Dachau. The imams subsequently released a joint statement condemning anti-Semitism and labeling Holocaust denial as against the ethics of Islam. [32]
The Times newspaper reported that British Charity Commission regulators contacted three Islamic charities about Qadhi's 2015 tour, where he allegedly made controversial comments and told students that "killing homosexuals and stoning adulterers was part of their religion." He also clarified to them that these punishments were only applicable in an Islamic society and were not to be applied in the West. [33] [34]
On June 8, 2020, Qadhi was interviewed by Muslim theologian Mohammed Hijab, where he was asked about the perfect preservation of the Qur'an, in light of different Qira'at and Ahruf. During the interview, Qadhi said, "The standard narrative has holes in it. That's what I'm gonna say. The standard narrative does not answer some very pressing questions." [35] [36] His comments became fodder for Christian polemicists, becoming an Internet meme, and prompted negative reactions from Muslim scholars and proselytizers, leading Qadhi to private the video on his YouTube channel.
Qadhi has since clarified in a video uploaded to the EPIC (East Plano Islamic Center) Masjid's YouTube channel that his statements were referring to the preservation of the Qira'at and Ahruf themselves rather than the preservation of the Qur'an. Qadhi reiterated that disbelief in the perfect preservation of the Qur'an is considered "kufr"; disbelief in Islam itself. [37]
In an April 2024 interview, Harvard University Islamic studies PhD candidate Javad T. Hashmi joked that he considered naming his lecture on the preservation of the Qur'an, as part of a course taught alongside New Testament scholar Bart D. Ehrman, "Holes in the Narrative," as a reference to Qadhi's controversial comments. [38]
Title | Description |
---|---|
Riyaa: Hidden Shirk | Dar-al-Fatah, 1996 |
An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qura̓an | Al-Hidaayah Pub., 1999, ISBN 1-898649-32-4 |
An Explanation of the Four Principles of Shirk | Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Al-Hidaayah, 2000, ISBN 1-898649-52-9 |
Du'a : The Weapon of the Believer | Al Hidaayah Publishing & Distribution, 2001, ISBN 1-898649-51-0 |
15 Ways to Increase Your Earnings from the Quran and Sunnah | Al Hidaayah Publishing & Distribution, 2002, ISBN 1-898649-56-1 |
An explanation of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab's Kashf al-Shubuhat | A critical analysis of shirk, with Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Al-Hidaayah, 2003, ISBN 1-898649-62-6 |
Maqalat al-Jahm b. Safwan wa-atharuha fıl-firaq al-Islamiyya | The Doctrines of Jahm b. Safwan and Its Effects on Islamic Sects, 2 vols. Riyad: Adwa al-salaf, 2005. |
Like a Garment: Intimacy in Islam | Independently published (March 4, 2019), ISBN 978-1798705247 |
Seerah of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | Independently published (May 7, 2019), (length: 776 pages) ISBN 978-1099278389 |
Lessons from Surah al-Kahf (Pearls from the Qur'an) | Kube Publishing Ltd. (March 10, 2020), ISBN 978-1847741318 |
Lessons from Surah Yusuf (Pearls from the Qur'an) | Kube Publishing Ltd. (November 3, 2020), ISBN 978-1847741370 |
Reflections: Personal Insights From Shaykh Dr. Yasir Qadhi | Al-Buruj Press (February 17, 2021), ISBN 978-9672420651 |
The Miracle of the Qur'an | Tertib Publishing (March 1, 2021) |
The Power of Repentance | Tertib Publishing (March 9, 2021) |
The Parables of the Qur'an | Kube Publishing Ltd. (March 12, 2022), ISBN 978-1847741790 |
The Sīrah of the Prophet: A Contemporary and Original Analysis | Kube Publishing Ltd. (June 15, 2023), ISBN 978-0860378785 |
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaymān al-Tamīmī (1703–1792) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, theologian, preacher, activist, religious leader, jurist, and reformer, who was from Najd in central Arabia and is considered as the eponymous founder of the Wahhabi movement. His prominent students included his sons Ḥusayn, Abdullāh, ʿAlī, and Ibrāhīm, his grandson ʿAbdur-Raḥman ibn Ḥasan, his son-in-law ʿAbdul-ʿAzīz ibn Muḥammad ibn Saʿūd, Ḥamād ibn Nāṣir ibn Muʿammar, and Ḥusayn āl-Ghannām.
Wahhabism is a religious revivalist movement within Sunni Islam named after the 18th-century Hanbali scholar Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab. It was initially established in the central Arabian region of Najd and later spread to other parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and is today followed primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.
Shirk in Islam is a sin often roughly translated as 'idolatry' or 'polytheism', but more accurately meaning 'association [with God]'. It refers to accepting other divinities or powers alongside God as associates. In contrast, Islam teaches that God does not share divine attributes with anyone, as it is disallowed according to the Islamic doctrine of tawhid. The Quran, the central religious text of Islam, states in 4:48 that God will not forgive shirk if one dies without repenting of it.
Tawhid is the concept of monotheism in Islam. Tawhid is the religion's central and single most important concept, upon which a Muslim's entire religious adherence rests. It unequivocally holds that God is indivisibly one (ahad) and single (wahid).
The Hanbali school or Hanbalism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It is named after and based on the teachings of the 9th-century scholar, jurist and traditionist, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, and later institutionalized by his students. One who ascribes to the Hanbali school is called a Hanbali, Hanbalite or Hanbalist. It is the smallest and adheres the most strictly to the traditionalist school of theology out of the four major Sunni schools, the others being the Hanafi, Maliki and Shafi'i schools.
Ibn Taymiyya was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, traditionist, ascetic, proto-Salafi theologian and iconoclast. He is known for his diplomatic involvement with the Ilkhanid ruler Ghazan Khan at the Battle of Marj al-Saffar, which ended the Mongol invasions of the Levant. A legal jurist of the Hanbali school, Ibn Taymiyya's condemnation of numerous Sufi practices associated with saint veneration and visitation of tombs made him a controversial figure with many rulers and scholars of the time, which caused him to be imprisoned several times as a result.
The Salafi movement or Salafism is a revival movement within Sunni Islam, founded in the late 19th century and influential in the Islamic world to this day. The name "Salafiyya" is a self-designation, to call for a return to the traditions of the "pious predecessors", the first three generations of Muslims, who are believed to exemplify the pure form of Islam. In practice, Salafis claim that they rely on the Qur'an, the Sunnah and the Ijma (consensus) of the salaf, giving these writings precedence over what they claim as "later religious interpretations". The Salafi movement aimed to achieve a renewal of Muslim life and had a major influence on many Muslim thinkers and movements across the Islamic world.
Abu al-Fida Isma'il ibn Umar ibn Kathir al-Dimashqi, known simply as Ibn Kathir, was an Arab Islamic exegete, historian and scholar. An expert on tafsir, tarikh (history) and fiqh (jurisprudence), he is considered a leading authority on Sunni Islam.
Takfir is an Arabic and Islamic term which denotes excommunication from Islam of one Muslim by another, i.e. accusing another Muslim of being an apostate. The word is found neither in the Quran nor in the ḥadīth literature; instead, kufr ("unbelief") and kāfir ("unbeliever") and other terms employing the same triliteral root K-F-R appear.
Shams ad-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr ibn Ayyūb az-Zurʿī d-Dimashqī l-Ḥanbalī , commonly known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya or Ibn al-Qayyim for short, or reverentially as Imam Ibn al-Qayyim in Sunni tradition, was an important medieval Islamic jurisconsult, theologian, and spiritual writer. Belonging to the Hanbali school of Salafi, of which he is regarded as "one of the most important thinkers," Ibn al-Qayyim was also the foremost disciple and student of Ibn Taymiyya, with whom he was imprisoned in 1326 for dissenting against established tradition during Ibn Taymiyya's famous incarceration in the Citadel of Damascus.
Muhammad Nasir al-Din also known as Al-Albani, was an Albanian Shaykh known for being a leading hadith scholar in the 20th-century. A major figure in Islamic history, he began his journey in Syria, where his family had moved prior and where he was educated as a child.
Aqidah is an Islamic term of Arabic origin that literally means "creed". It is also called Islamic creed or Islamic theology.
Muhammad Rashīd Rida was an Islamic scholar, reformer, theologian and revivalist. An early Salafist, Rida called for the revival of hadith studies and, as a theoretician of an Islamic state, condemned the rising currents of secularism and nationalism across the Islamic world following the abolition of the Ottoman sultanate. He championed a global pan-Islamist program aimed at re-establishing an Islamic caliphate.
Ahl al-Hadith is an Islamic school of Sunni Islam that emerged during the 2nd and 3rd Islamic centuries of the Islamic era as a movement of hadith scholars who considered the Quran and authentic hadith to be the only authority in matters of law and creed. They were known as "Athari" for championing traditionalist theological doctrines which rejected rationalist approaches and advocated a strictly literalist reading of Scriptures. Its adherents have also been referred to as traditionalists and sometimes traditionists. The traditionalists constituted the most authoritative and dominant bloc of Sunni orthodoxy prior to the emergence of mad'habs during the fourth Islamic century.
Islamic modernism is a movement that has been described as "the first Muslim ideological response to the Western cultural challenge", attempting to reconcile the Islamic faith with values perceived as modern such as democracy, civil rights, rationality, equality, and progress. It featured a "critical reexamination of the classical conceptions and methods of jurisprudence", and a new approach to Islamic theology and Quranic exegesis (Tafsir). A contemporary definition describes it as an "effort to re-read Islam's fundamental sources—the Qur'an and the Sunna, —by placing them in their historical context, and then reinterpreting them, non-literally, in the light of the modern context."
Salafi jihadism, also known as Salafi-jihadism, jihadist Salafism and revolutionary Salafism, is a religiopolitical Sunni Islamist ideology that seeks to establish a global caliphate through armed militant means. In a narrower sense, jihadism refers to the belief that armed confrontation with political rivals is an efficient and theologically legitimate method of socio-political change. The Salafist interpretation of sacred Islamic texts is "in their most literal, traditional sense", which adherents claim will bring about the return to "true Islam".
Atharism is a school of theology in Sunni Islam which developed from circles of the Ahl al-Hadith, a group that rejected rationalistic theology in favor of strict textualism in interpretation the Quran and the hadith.
Salafism and Sufism are two major scholarly movements which have been influential in Sunni Muslim societies. The debates between Salafi and Sufi schools of thought have dominated the Sunni world since the classical era, splitting their influence across religious communities and cultures, with each school competing for scholarly authority via official and unofficial religious institutions. The relationship between Salafism and Sufism — whose interpretations of Islam differ — is historically diverse and reflects some of the changes and conflicts in the Muslim world.
Tafwid is an Arabic term meaning "relegation" or "delegation", with uses in theology and law.
Hazimism, also referred to as the Hazimi movement or known as the Hazimiyyah or Hazimi current, was an extremist movement within the ideology of Islamic State. The movement was based on the doctrines of the Saudi-born extremist Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi, which was adopted by many Tunisian recruits within ISIS.
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: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)Our first lecture is going to be on the quranic preservation; in fact, I wanted to call it 'Holes in the Narrative'—that's a very famous meme, as you know, online.