Yoshimuria | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
Order: | Teloschistales |
Family: | Teloschistaceae |
Genus: | Yoshimuria S.Y.Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A.Thell & Hur (2014) |
Type species | |
Yoshimuria spodoplaca (Nyl.) S.Y.Kondr., Kärnefelt, A.Thell, Elix, J.Kim, A.S.Kondr. & Hur (2014) | |
Species | |
Y. galbina Contents |
Yoshimuria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. [1] [2] It has four species of crustose lichens.
The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by a group of lichenologists, who assigned Yoshimuria spodoplaca as the type species. Three species were originally included in the genus. The genus name honours the Japanese lichenologist Isao Yoshimura, "for his many contributions to lichenology in Eastern Asia". [3]
Yoshimuria is in the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. [3]
Yoshimuria is characterised by a crust-like (crustose) thallus, which can vary greatly in thickness from very thin to thick and can be areolate (i.e., divided by cracks into sections called areoles ). The colour of the thallus ranges from whitish grey to dark grey or brownish grey. The apothecia of Yoshimuria (fruiting bodies) are either lecanorine (with a thalline margin ) or zeorine (without a thalline margin), and are typically sessile (attached directly without a stalk). The disc of these apothecia can be yellow, orange, or dark rust-brown in colour. The true exciple the tissue surrounding the hymenium of the apothecia, is scleroplectenchymatous , meaning it consists of hard, thick-walled cells. The subhymenium , the layer beneath the hymenium, does not contain oil droplets. [3]
The ascospores of Yoshimuria are polarilocular , meaning they have two distinct compartments, with eight spores in each ascus. The conidia, or asexual spores, are broadly bacilliform (rod-shaped). Chemical spot tests reveal that the thallus reacts slightly or not at all (K±) and the apothecia turn purple (K+ purple) when treated with a potassium hydroxide solution. The chemical constituents include anthraquinones, which follow the parietin chemosyndrome , and atranorin in some species. [3]
Two species once proposed for inclusion in Yoshimuria are now included in other genera:
Neobrownliella brownlieae is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Australia.
Flavoplaca is a genus of crust-like or scaly lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 28 species with a mostly Northern Hemisphere distribution.
Sirenophila is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species with an Australasian distribution.
Huneckia is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species.
Neobrownliella is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has five species. The genus was circumscribed in 2015 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Jack Elix, Ingvar Kärnefelt, and Arne Thell, with Neobrownliella brownlieae assigned as the type species. It is a segregate of the large genus Caloplaca. Characteristics of Neobrownliella include a thallus that is continuous or areolate, the presence of anthraquinones as lichen products, a cortical layer with a palisade paraplectenchyma, and the lack of a thick palisade cortical layer on the underside of the thalline exciple. Two species were included in the original circumscription of the genus; an additional three species were added in 2020.
Tassiloa is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species.
Opeltia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens.
Cerothallia yarraensis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Ingvar Kärnefelt, as Caloplaca yarraensis. Kondratyuk and colleagues transferred it to the genus Cerothallia in 2014.
Fauriea is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. The genus, which contains seven species, is a member of the subfamily Caloplacoideae.
Marchantiana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains seven species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens that occur in the Southern Hemisphere.
Eilifdahlia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains three species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens that occur in the Southern Hemisphere.
Franwilsia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has three species.
Neobrownliella montisfracti is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. The small lichen has dull pink to grey areoles, characterised by completely immersed, reddish to pink-brown apothecia and lacking soredia and isidia. Its areoles are closely pressed against the substrate, with the apothecia containing small, elongated ascospores and narrowly rod-shaped conidia.
Sirenophila cliffwetmorei is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. Its thallus can reach up to 1 centimetre in width, has a whitish to whitish-grey colour, and is very thin, sometimes almost merging with the substrate, and has paler edges with a darker grey centre. Its numerous tiny apothecia give the thallus a yellow-orange appearance.
Kaernefia kaernefeltii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Australia.
Oxneriopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens.
Elixjohnia jackelixii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia and New Zealand. The lichen is characterised by its unique multilayered appearance with outer sterile rings that are brownish or greenish-yellow and inner areoles that are whitish, yellowish, or greyish, often cracked to reveal the medulla underneath. Its fruiting bodies, or apothecia, are typically attached directly to the thallus and vary in colour and shape.
Eilifdahlia dahlii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Widely distributed in Southern Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by John Elix, Sergey Kondratyuk, and Ingvar Kärnefelt. The type specimen was collected by the first author in 1990 from Mountain Creek in Jimberoo State Forest, where it was found growing on a dead Callitris on a rocky ridge dominated by that tree. It has also been recorded growing on the branch and twig bark of Casuarina stricta, and species of Eucalyptus, Leptospermum, and Melaleuca. The species epithet dahlii honours the Norwegian lichenologist Eilif Dahl, "for his significant contribution to Australian lichenology". The taxon was transferred to Eilifdahlia in 2014, a newly circumscribed genus in which it is the type species.
Nevilleiella marchantii is a species of terricolous (ground-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2007. The thallus of Nevilleiella marchantii spreads 1–3 cm wide, with distinctive, almost spherical, pustule-like formations that give it an appearance resembling a bunch of grapes. These formations vary in shape and colour from yellow-brown to orange-brown.
Marchantiana occidentalis is a species of corticolous and saxicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Western Australia, usually as an inhabitant of dry twigs, bark, or wood of various plant species, but occasionally on granite rock outcrops. It forms a well-developed thallus, shiny and composed of tiny dark greenish to brown areoles, with sizes typically ranging from 5–15 mm, though larger aggregations are possible. It features numerous rounded apothecia scattered across its surface, varying in form and colour, with a distinct margin and disc.