| Zamia amazonum | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Cycadophyta |
| Class: | Cycadopsida |
| Order: | Cycadales |
| Family: | Zamiaceae |
| Genus: | Zamia |
| Species: | Z. amazonum |
| Binomial name | |
| Zamia amazonum D.W.Stev. | |
Zamia amazonum is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela.
Zamia amazonum has a subterranean stem 3 to 8 centimetres (1.2 to 3.1 in) in diameter. There are two to six leaves on a plant. The leaves are 0.5 to 2.5 metres (1 ft 8 in to 8 ft 2 in) long on a 0.5 to 1 metre (1 ft 8 in to 3 ft 3 in) long petiole (stalk). The reddish-brown stalk is covered with prickles, which extend into the lower third of the leaf axis. There are 10 to 30 leaflets, which are oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, pointed at the ends and toothed along the edges of the outer half of the leaflet. Leaflets in the middle of the leaf are 15 to 20 centimetres (5.9 to 7.9 in) long and 2 to 4 centimetres (0.79 to 1.57 in) wide. [2]
Like all Zamias, Z. amazonum is dioecious, with each plant being either male or female. Male strobili (cones) are cylindrical, 6 to 10 centimetres (2.4 to 3.9 in) long and 1 to 2 centimetres (0.39 to 0.79 in) in diameter, brown in color, and stand on 8 to 15 centimetres (3.1 to 5.9 in) long peduncles (stalks). Female cones are 10 to 15 centimetres (3.9 to 5.9 in) long and 3 to 5 centimetres (1.2 to 2.0 in) in diameter, dark red-brown in colored, and stand on 5 to 8 centimetres (2.0 to 3.1 in) long stalks. Seeds are ovoid, 1 centimetre (0.39 in) long and 0.5 centimetres (0.20 in) in diameter, with a red sarcotesta (outer fleshy coat). [3]
Zamia amazonum is locally abundant in the upper Amazon basin in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela, and in Chocó Department on the Paciific coast of Colombia. The species name refers to its wide-spread occurrence in the Amazon basin. [2]
Crushed Z. amazonum root that has been soaked in water overnight is reported to be used as a treatment for leishmaniasis by the Chayahuita people of northeastern Peru. [4]
Zamia pumila, commonly known as guáyiga or guáyara in Spanish, is a small, tough, woody cycad native to the Greater Antilles. Z. pumila was the first species described for the genus and, therefore, is the type species for the genus Zamia, the Zamia pumila species complex, and the family Zamiaceae.
Zamia is a genus of cycad of the family Zamiaceae, native to North America from the United States throughout the West Indies, Central America, and South America as far south as Bolivia. The genus is considered to be the most ecologically and morphologically diverse of the cycads, and is estimated to have originated about 68.3 million years ago.
Zamia acuminata is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae which is threatened by habitat loss. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
Zamia amplifolia is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is endemic to the Calima River watershed of Valle del Cauca Department, Colombia.
Zamia chigua is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in Choco Department of Colombia and of Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
Zamia disodon is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in Colombia and Peru.
Zamia fischeri is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is endemic to Mexico. It is often confused with Zamia vazquezii. Zamia fischeri is named after Gustav Fischer, a cycad enthusiast of the nineteenth century.
Zamia manicata is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in Colombia and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
Zamia melanorrhachis is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It has been found in Amazonas, Córdoba, Meta, and Santander departments in Colombia. It grows in forests between sea level and 300 metres (980 ft) altitude. It is commonly known as corocito.
Zamia neurophyllidia is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. The original description was based on specimens found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. A more recent re-characterization of Z. neurophyllidia is based on a population found in the type locality in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama. It is part of the Zamia skinneri species complex.
Zamia pygmaea is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae found only in Cuba. It is the smallest living cycad. It is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List based on its limited distribution, severely fragmented habitat, and population of less than 250 mature individuals.
Zamia decumbens, common name sinkhole cycad, is a species of cycad known only from Belize. The species was erroneously referred to in print several times as Z. prasina before its recognition as a distinct species. The species was proposed for protection as a critically endangered species.
Zamia hamannii is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. The only known population grows in a small area on an island on the northwestern Caribbean coast of Panama. Most plants of the species grow in forest, but some live on sandy beaches. It was named and described in 2008.
Zamia imperialis is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. The description is based on specimens found in Coclé Province, Panama. It is part of the Zamia skinneri species complex.
Zamia nesophila, common name "guade teet", is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is endemic to several islands in northwestern Panama. Most plants grow on sandy beachs close to the sea, although some grow inland in forests. The species is critically endangered due to seaside development.
Zamia restrepoi is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae.
Zamia stevensonii (blanco) is a species of cycad in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in the vicinity of the Panama Canal and the Chagres River in central Panama.
Zamia integrifolia, also known as coontie, is a small, tough, woody cycad native to the southeastern United States, the Bahamas, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, and Puerto Rico.
Zamia imbricata is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae described in 2021. The stem is subterranean, the leaves have overlapping leaflets, and the reproductive cones are held on very long stalks. Its natural habitat is tropical rainforest in Colombia. It is very rare, and the known population does not appear to be successfully reproducing.
Zamia sinuensis is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae described in 2021. The stem is subterranean or partly suterranean, with dark green compound leaves up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) long. and reproductive cones on long stalks. Its natural habitat is tropical monsoon forest in Colombia. Only five plants have been observed.
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