1805 in Germany

← 1804 1803 1802 1805 in Germany → 1806 1807 1808
Decades:	1800s 1810s 1820s
See also:	Other events of 1805 History of Germany  • Timeline  • Years

Events from the year 1805 in Germany.

Incumbents

Holy Roman Empire

• Francis II (5 July 1792 –6 August 1806)

Important Electors

• Baden- Charles Frederick (27 April 1803 –6 August 1806)
• Bavaria - Maximilian I (16 February 1799 –6 August 1806) ^[1]
• Saxony - Frederick Augustus I (17 December 1763 –20 December 1806) ^[2]
• Würzburg- Ferdinand III (25 December 1805 –6 August 1806)
• Württemberg - Frederick I (1803 –30 October 1816) ^[3]

Kingdoms

• Kingdom of Prussia
  • Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 1797 –7 June 1840) ^[4]

Grand Duchies

• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  • Frederick Francis I (24 April 1785 –1 February 1837) ^[5]
• Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  • Charles II (2 June 1794 –6 November 1816) ^[6]
• Grand Duke of Oldenburg
  • Wilhelm (6 July 1785 –2 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign. ^[7]
  • Peter I (2 July 1823 –21 May 1829) ^[7]
• Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar
  • Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 1809

Principalities

• Schaumburg-Lippe
  • George William (13 February 1787 –1860)
• Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  • Louis Frederick II (13 April 1793 –28 April 1807) ^[8]
• Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  • Günther Friedrich Karl I (14 October 1794 –19 August 1835)
• Principality of Lippe
  • Leopold II (5 November 1802 –1 January 1851) ^[9]
• Principality of Reuss-Greiz
  • Heinrich XIII (28 June 1800 –29 January 1817)
• Waldeck and Pyrmont
  • Friedrich Karl August (29 August 1763 –24 September 1812)

Duchies

• Duke of Anhalt-Dessau
  • Leopold III (16 December 1751 –9 August 1817) ^[10]
• Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
  • Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) - Frederick ^[5]
• Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
  • Francis (8 September 1800 –9 December 1806)
• Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
  • Bernhard II (24 December 1803 –20 September 1866) ^[11]
• Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
  • Frederick Charles Louis (24 February 1775 –25 March 1816) ^[12]

Other

• Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
  • Louis I (6 April 1790 –14 August 1806) ^[5]

Events

• 7 April – Beethoven's Symphony No. 3, Eroica, has its public premiere at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna under his baton.
• 9 April - The first Weltsekttag to celebrate the resistance to Napoleon.
• 8 October – Battle of Wertingen
• 9 October – Battle of Günzburg
• 11 October – Battle of Haslach-Jungingen
• 14 October – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition – Ulm Campaign: Battle of Elchingen – An Austrian corps under Johann von Riesch is defeated by Marshal Ney, near Elchingen, Bavaria.
• 16–19 October – War of the Third Coalition: Ulm Campaign – Battle of Ulm: Austrian General Mack von Leiberich is forced to surrender his entire army to Napoleon, after being surrounded.
• 3 November – Treaty of Potsdam
• 20 November – Beethoven's only opera Fidelio , in its original form (known retrospectively as Leonore), is premiered at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna, which at this time is under French military occupation.
• German Army surgeon Philipp Bozzini invents the lichtleiter, ancestor of the endoscope, for examination of bodily orifices. ^{[13] [14] [15]}
• Grand Duchy of Würzburg is established.

Births

• 27 January – Samuel Palmer, English artist (died 1881)
• 13 February – Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician (died 1859)
• 8 April – Hugo von Mohl, German botanist (died 1872)

Fanny Mendelssohn

• 30 July – Rudolf Wagner, German anatomist, pathologist (died 1864)
• 27 September – George Müller, Prussian evangelist, founder of the New Orphan Houses, Ashley Down, Bristol in England (died 1898)
• 14 November – Fanny Mendelssohn, German composer, pianist (died 1847) ^[16]

Deaths

Friedrich Schiller

• 17 January – Paschen von Cossel, German lawyer (born 1714)
• 20 February – Justus Claproth, German jurist, inventor of the de-inking process of recycled paper (born 1728)
• 9 May – Friedrich Schiller, German playwright (born 1759)

Eleonore Prochaska

• 5 October - Eleonore Prochaska, German heroine soldier (born 1785)

References

1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Maximilian I., king of Bavaria"  . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 921.
2. "General German Biography - Wikisource" . Retrieved 24 January 2021.
3. David, Saul (1998). Prince of pleasure : the Prince of Wales and the making of the Regency. New York : Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN   978-0-87113-739-5 . Retrieved 24 January 2021.
4. Tikkanen, Amy (30 July 2018). "Federick William III". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
5. Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 38.
6. Huish, Robert (1821). Public and Private Life His Late Excellent and most Gracious Majesty George The Third. T. Kelly. p. 170.
7. "Oldenburg Royal Family". Monarchies of Europe. Archived from the original on 17 March 2006. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
8. Apfelstedt, F.; Apfelstedt, Heinrich Friedrich Theodor (1996). Das Haus Kevernburg-Schwarzburg von seinem Ursprunge bis auf unsere Zeit. Thüringer Chronik-Verlag Müllerott. ISBN   978-3-910132-29-0.
9. Almanach de Gotha (87th ed.). Justus Perthes. 1850. p. 38.
10. J. Morley, "The Bauhaus Effect," in Social Utopias of the Twenties (Germany: Müller Bushmann press, 1995), 11.
11. "Biografie Georg I (German)". Meininger Museen. Archived from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
12. Albinus, Robert (1985). Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung (in German). Leer: Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg. p. 371. ISBN   3-7921-0320-6.
13. Bozzini, P. (1806). "Lichtleiter: eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Theile und Krankheiten nebst der Abbildung". J Practischen Arzneykunde. 24. Berlin: 107–24.
14. Bozzini, P. (1810). "Lichtleiter, eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Theile und Krankheiten nebst der Abbildung". Heidelbergische Jahrbücher der Litteratur. Vol. 3. Heidelberg: Wöhr & Zimmer. p. 207. Retrieved 6 September 2010.
15. Bush, Ronnie Beth; Leonhardt, Hanna; Bush, Irving M.; Landes, Ralph R. (1974). "Dr. Bozzini's Lichtleiter: A translation of his original article (1806)". Urology . 3 (1): 119–23. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(74)80080-4. PMID   4591409.
16. Randel, Don Michael (1999). The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music. Cambridge: Belknap Press. p. 376. ISBN   978-0-67400-084-1.