1876 in baseball

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William Hulbert, founder of the National League, the first "major" league. William Hulbert Baseball.jpg
William Hulbert, founder of the National League, the first "major" league.

After a tumultuous five-year existence, the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NA) folded following the 1875 season. The National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs (NL) was formed in Chicago, Illinois, by businessman and owner of the Chicago Base Ball Club (now known as the Chicago Cubs), William Hulbert, for the purpose of replacing the NA, which he believed to have been corrupt, mismanaged, full of rowdy, drunken ballplayers, and under the influence of the gambling community. [1] [2] One of the new rules put into place by the new league was that all teams had to be located in cities that had a population of 75,000 or more. The initial NL season began with eight teams, and they were asked to play seventy games between April 22 and October 21. [3] The NL is often considered to be the first "major league", although it has been argued that the NA can make that claim. [4]

Contents

Champions

Major league baseball final standings

National League 		W L Pct. GB Home Road
Chicago 52140.788—25–627–8
Hartford 47210.691623–924–12
St. Louis 45190.703624–621–13
Boston 39310.5571519–1720–14
Louisville 30360.4552215–1615–20
Mutual 21350.3752613–208–15
Athletic 14450.23734½10–244–21
Cincinnati 9560.13842½6–243–32

Statistical leaders

National League [6]
TypeNameStat
AVG Ross Barnes CHI .429
HR George Hall PHI 5
RBI Deacon White CHI 60
Wins Albert Spalding CHI 47
ERA George Bradley STL 1.23
Strikeouts Jim Devlin LOU 122

Events

DatePlaceBallparkEventRef
February 2 Chicago William Hulbert organized the National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs, replacing the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, which had folded at the conclusion of the 1875 season. Morgan Bulkeley, the owner of the Hartford franchise, is selected as the league's first President. [1]
February 12 Chicago After he joined the Chicago Club as a player, Albert Spalding announced his plan to open a sporting goods retail store in Chicago; known today as Spalding. [7] [8]
April 22 Philadelphia Athletic Park The Bostons defeat the Athletics by the score of 6–5, in the first NL game. Joe Borden, pitching under the pseudonym Joe Josephs, is the winning pitcher, and Jim O'Rourke collected the league's first base hit. [7] [9]
April 25 Louisville Louisville Baseball Park In Chicago's first National League game, Albert Spalding threw the NL's first shutout as Chicago defeated Louisville by the score of 4–0. Spalding threw another shutout in the Chicagos' second game, on April 25, also against Louisville. [7] [10]
May 2 Cincinnati Avenue Grounds Ross Barnes of the Chicagos hit the first NL home run, an inside-the-park home run off pitcher Cherokee Fisher of Cincinnati. [7] [11]
May 13 Hartford Hartford Ball Club Grounds The New York Mutuals achieved a triple play in a loss to Hartford. [7] [12] [13]
May 25 Philadelphia Jefferson Street Grounds The game between Athletic and Louisville ended in a 2–2 tie, the first game to end in a tie in the NL and in major league history. [7] [14] [15]
May 30New York Union Grounds In a game between Louisville and Mutual, Louisville right fielder George Bechtel committed three of the nine errors that led to his team's defeat. Louisville's ownership suspected that he intentionally "fixed" the game by intentionally committing errors to ensure a winning bet for himself and other gamblers. Management intercepted a wire dated June 10, in which Bechtel conspired to lose the game that day. Bechtel refused to resign when confronted with the evidence, so Louisville banished him from the team. [16]
June 14 Philadelphia Jefferson Street Grounds George Hall and Ezra Sutton of Athletic each hit three triples in a 20–5 victory against Cincinnati, the only time teammates have accomplished this feat. [7] [17]
June 17 Philadelphia Jefferson Street Grounds In a 23–15 victory over Cincinnati, George Hall of Athletic becomes the first major league player to hit two home runs in a single game. [17] [18]
June 27 Chicago 23rd Street Grounds Davy Force of Athletic collects six hits in six at bats in a 14–13 victory against Chicago and Albert Spalding. He is the first major leaguer to collect six hits in a nine-inning game. [7] [10] [19]
July 15 St. Louis Grand Avenue Park George Bradley of St. Louis pitches the first no-hitter in MLB history, a 2–0 victory against Hartford. It is the second no-hitter recorded in professional play, after Joe Borden's on July 28, 1875. [20] [21]
July 25 Chicago 23rd Street Grounds Cal McVey of the Chicagos collects six hits for the second consecutive nine-inning game. He has totaled 15 hits in the last three games, and 18 hits in the last four, both records. After collecting two more hits on July 27, and four more on July 29, McVey will have tied his own record with 18 hits in a four-game stretch. [7] [10]
August 4 Louisville Louisville Baseball Park Trailing Chicago with rain looming, the Louisvilles stall the game by committing error after error until the umpire rules the game a forfeit. The game result would later be removed from the official league standings. [7]
August 21 St. Louis Grand Avenue Park In the ninth inning, and the score tied 6–6, of a game between Chicago and St. Louis, a St. Louis batter hit the base-runner coming from third base with batted ball. The umpire ruled that the runner was allowed to score, so Chicago left the field in protest. The umpire then awarded the game to St. Louis. [22]
September 5New York Union Grounds George Bradley of St. Louis records his 16th shutout of the season in a 9–0 win over Mutual. This season total of 16 shutouts has since been tied, by Grover Cleveland Alexander, of the Philadelphia Phillies in 1916. [20] [23]
September 11 Philadelphia The Philadelphia Athletic Club informs the league office that it will be unable to make its last western road trip due to financial trouble. The owner of the Athletics suggested that the Chicago and St. Louis Clubs play additional games in Philadelphia, take a larger than normal portion of the gate receipts, so they raise enough money to finish their schedule, which was denied. [7]
September 16New YorkThe Mutual Club of New York announces to the league office that it will not make its final western road trip of the season due to lack of funds. [7]
September 26 Chicago 23rd Street Grounds The Chicago Club clinches the first National League pennant with a 7–6 win over Hartford. [7] [10]
October 23 Chicago The Chicago Tribune published the year-end player statistics, one of which would be the newly created, batting average; the first known instance of this statistic being published. [7]
December 10 Cleveland During the NL's Winter Meetings, it was announced that William Hulbert was elected President of the league, and that the Philadelphia Athletics and the New York Mutuals were expelled for failure to complete their required schedule in the 1876 season. [24]

Transactions

Free agents

Loans

Births

DateNameRef
January 1 Joe Kostal [26]
January 1 Joe Martin [27]
January 11 Elmer Flick † [28]
January 12 George Browne [29]
January 14 Bill Wolff [30]
January 22 Warren McLaughlin [31]
January 25 Fred Glade [32]
January 27 Otis Clymer [33]
February Ike Van Zandt [34]
February 4 Germany Schaefer [35]
February 6 Andy Sommerville [36]
February 7 Pat Moran [37]
February 10 Doc Sechrist [38]
February 13 Fred Buckingham [39]
February 13 Fritz Buelow [40]
February 15 Carlton Molesworth [41]
February 19 Joe Marshall [42]
February 21 John Titus [43]
February 27 Art Goodwin [44]
March 15 Bill Hallman [45]
March 17 J. A. Gammons [46]
March 29 Harry Lochhead [47]
March 29 Frank Oberlin [48]
April Art Ball [49]
April 1 Bill Friel [50]
April 5 Bill Dinneen [51]
April 6 Charlie Luskey [52]
April 6 Frank Murphy [53]
DateNameRef
April 11 Win Kellum [54]
April 12 Vic Willis † [55]
April 20 Charlie Hemphill [56]
April 29 Pat Deisel [57]
May 1 Larry Battam [58]
May 2 Jack Morrissey [59]
May 4 Charlie Hickman [60]
May 4 Dave Murphy [61]
May 5 Frank Morrissey [62]
May 7 Casey Patten [63]
May 16 George Barclay [64]
May 24 Fred Jacklitsch [65]
June 2 Charlie Jones [66]
June 5 Offa Neal [67]
June 7 Barney Wolfe [68]
June 10 George Prentiss [69]
June 13 Gene McCann [70]
June 15 Charlie Dexter [71]
June 19 John Hinton [72]
June 21 Billy Gilbert [73]
June 24 Bill Hanlon [74]
June 29 Patsy Flaherty [75]
July 1 Jim Buchanan [76]
July 3 Ralph Frary [77]
July 7 Happy Iott [78]
July 10 John Puhl [79]
July 23 Ginger Beaumont [80]
July 23 Harry Mathews [81]
DateNameRef
July 26 Sam Breadon [82]
July 27 Moose Baxter [83]
July 29 Emmet Heidrick [84]
August 2 Kid Nance [85]
August 7 Pat Carney [86]
August 7 Lou Nordyke [87]
August 11 Danny Murphy [88]
August 18 Gus Dorner [89]
August 24 John Brown [90]
August 24 Frank Quinn [91]
August 28 Doc Hazleton [92]
August 29 Elmer Stricklett [93]
September 1 Jimmy Wiggs [94]
September 3 Jerry Donovan [95]
September 3 Dusty Miller [96]
September 3 George Stone [97]
September 5 Pete LePine [98]
September 9 Frank Chance † [99]
September 15 Nick Altrock [100]
September 17 Otto Krueger [101]
September 27 Steve Cusack [102]
September 28 Frank Bates [103]
September 28 Red Long [104]
October 13 Wild Bill Donovan [105]
October 13 Rube Waddell † [106]
October 15 Percy Coleman [107]
October 19 Mordecai Brown † [108]
October 27 Patsy Dougherty [109]
DateNameRef
October 31 Ed Fisher [110]
November 3 Phil Geier [111]
November 3 Ike Rockenfield [112]
November 6 Dave Altizer [113]
November 6 Danny Green [114]
November 8 Danny Shay [115]
November 9 Walter McCredie [116]
November 12 Ed Killian [117]
November 12 Solly Salisbury [118]
November 14 Harry Howell [119]
November 17 Claude Elliott [120]
November 24 Harvey Bailey [121]
November 25 Lou Castro [122]
November 28 Lee Fohl [123]
December 2 Roscoe Miller [124]
December 4 John Farrell [125]
December 4 Henry Krug [126]
December 12 Joe Rickert [127]
December 13 Rube Kisinger [128]
December 16 Fred Crolius [129]
December 16 Sammy Strang [130]
December 17 Roy Patterson [131]
December 20 Jimmy Williams [132]
December 25 Jim Jones [133]
December 27 Charlie Carr [134]
December 27 Sam Woodruff [135]

Deaths

Abbreviations
DateIndividual's death date
NameIndividual's name
AgeAge at death
CauseCause of death
CemeteryPlace individual is interred
City/StateCity and state of burial
SeasonsSeasons in which individual appeared
TeamsTeams the individual played for or managed
DateNameAgeCauseCemeteryCity/StateSeasonsTeamsRef
May 29 Tom Miller 26? Malaria Evergreen Memorial Park Bensalem, Pennsylvania 1874–1875 Philadelphia Athletics, St. Louis Brown Stockings [136] [137]
October 18 Bub McAtee 31 Consumption St. John Cemetery Troy, New York 1871–1872 Chicago White Stockings, Troy Haymakers [138] [139]

See also

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References

General

Specific

  1. 1 2 "National League of baseball is founded". history.com. A&E Television Networks. Archived from the original on February 9, 2010. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  2. ↑ "MLB National League". baseballbiography.com. Baseball Biography. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  3. ↑ "Year in review: 1876 National League". baseball-almanac.com. Archived from the original on January 14, 2010. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  4. ↑ Reiss – Introduction
  5. ↑ Cash, Jon David (2002). Before They Were Cardinals: Major League Baseball in Nineteenth-century St. Louis. University of Missouri Press. p. 34. ISBN   978-0-8262-6370-4.
  6. ↑ "1876 National League statistical leaders". retrosheet.org. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Charlton's Baseball Chronology – 1876". baseballlibrary.com. The Idea Logical Company, Inc. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  8. ↑ "Al Spalding". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  9. ↑ "The 1876 Boston Red Caps Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  10. 1 2 3 4 "The 1876 Chicago White Stockings Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  11. ↑ "The 1876 Cincinnati Red Stockings Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  12. ↑ "The 1876 Hartford Dark Blues". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  13. ↑ "The 1876 New York Mutuals Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
  14. ↑ "The 1876 Philadelphia Athletics". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
  15. ↑ "The 1876 Louisville Grays Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
  16. ↑ Ginsburg, p. 41-42
  17. 1 2 "The 1876 Philadelphia Athletics Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
  18. ↑ "Home Run Famous Firsts". baseball-almanac.com. Hosting 4 Less. Archived from the original on February 2, 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2009.
  19. ↑ "The 1876 Chicago White Stockings". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
  20. 1 2 "The 1876 St. Louis Brown Stockings Regular Season Game Log". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
  21. ↑ "No Hitters Chronologically". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
  22. ↑ "Forfeits". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 26, 2009.
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  24. ↑ "William Hulbert". baseballbiography.com. Baseball Biography. Retrieved December 25, 2009.
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  26. ↑ "Joe Kostal". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  27. ↑ "Joe Martin". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  28. ↑ "Elmer Flick". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  29. ↑ "George Browne". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  30. ↑ "Bill Wolff". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  31. ↑ "Warren McLaughlin". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  32. ↑ "Fred Glade". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  33. ↑ "Otis Clymer". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  34. ↑ "Ike Van Zandt". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  35. ↑ "Germany Schaefer". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  36. ↑ "Andy Sommerville". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  37. ↑ "Pat Moran". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  38. ↑ "Doc Sechrist". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  39. ↑ "Fred Buckingham". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  40. ↑ "Fritz Buelow". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  41. ↑ "Carlton Molesworth". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  42. ↑ "Joe Marshall". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  43. ↑ "John Titus". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  44. ↑ "Art Goodwin". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  45. ↑ "Bill Hallman". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  46. ↑ "Daff Gammons". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  47. ↑ "Harry Lochhead". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  48. ↑ "Frank Oberlin". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  49. ↑ "Art Ball". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  50. ↑ "Bill Friel". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  51. ↑ "Bill Dinneen". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  52. ↑ "Charlie Luskey". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  53. ↑ "Frank Murphy". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  54. ↑ "Win Kellum". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  55. ↑ "Vic Willis". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  56. ↑ "Charlie Hemphill". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  57. ↑ "Pat Deisel". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  58. ↑ "Larry Battam". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  59. ↑ "Jack Morrissey". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  60. ↑ "Charlie Hickman". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  61. ↑ "Dave Murphy". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  62. ↑ "Frank Morrissey". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  63. ↑ "Casey Patten". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  64. ↑ "George Barclay". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  65. ↑ "Fred Jacklitsch". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  66. ↑ "Charlie Jones". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
  67. ↑ "Offa Neal". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  68. ↑ "Barney Wolfe". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  69. ↑ "George Prentiss". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  70. ↑ "Gene McCann". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  71. ↑ "Charlie Dexter". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  72. ↑ "John Hinton". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  73. ↑ "Billy Gilbert". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  74. ↑ "Bill Hanlon". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  75. ↑ "Patsy Flaherty". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  76. ↑ "Jim Buchanan". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  77. ↑ "Ralph Frary". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  78. ↑ "Happy Iott". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  79. ↑ "John Puhl". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  80. ↑ "Ginger Beaumont". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  81. ↑ "Harry Mathews". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  82. ↑ "St. Louis Historic Preservation: Breadon, Sam". stlcin.missouri.org. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  83. ↑ "Moose Baxter". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  84. ↑ "Emmet Heidrick". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  85. ↑ "Kid Nance". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  86. ↑ "Pat Carney". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  87. ↑ "Lou Nordyke". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  88. ↑ "Danny Murphy". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  89. ↑ "Gus Dorner". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  90. ↑ "John Brown". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  91. ↑ "Frank Quinn". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  92. ↑ "Doc Hazelton". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  93. ↑ "Elmer Stricklett". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  94. ↑ "Jimmy Wiggs". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  95. ↑ "Jerry Donovan". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  96. ↑ "Dusty Miller". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  97. ↑ "George Stone". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  98. ↑ "Pete LePine". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  99. ↑ "Frank Chance". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  100. ↑ "Nick Altrock". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  101. ↑ "Otto Krueger". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  102. ↑ "Steve Cusack". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
  103. ↑ "Frank Bates". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
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  107. ↑ "Percy Coleman". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  108. ↑ "Mordecai Brown". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  109. ↑ "Patsy Dougherty". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
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  117. ↑ "Ed Killian". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  118. ↑ "Solly Salisbury". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
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  120. ↑ "Claude Elliott". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
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  130. ↑ "Sammy Strang". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  131. ↑ "Roy Patterson". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  132. ↑ "Jimmy Williams". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  133. ↑ "Jim Jones". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
  134. ↑ "Charlie Carr". retrosheet.org. Retrosheet, Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
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