1914 in paleontology

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils . ^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues . Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science . This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1914.

Arthropods

Newly named insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Raphidia pulveris [2]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Cockerell	Eocene Priabonian	Florissant Formation	USA Colorado	A raphidiid snakefly Synonymized with Megaraphidia exhumata in 2014 [3]	Megaraphidia exhumata

Dinosaurs

• Eugene Stebinger became the first to identify the Two Medicine Formation and to formally describe its first fossil finds, which were excavated the previous year. ^[4]

New taxa

Taxon	Novelty	Status	Author(s)	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Anchiceratops ornatus [5]	Trib. Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Brown	Maastrichtian	Horseshoe Canyon Formation	Alberta	A ceratopsid
Brachyceratops montanensis [6]	Subfam. Gen. et sp. nov.	Nomen dubium	Gilmore	Campanian	Two Medicine Formation	Montana	A brachyceratopsine
Chasmosaurus [7]	Gen. nov.	Valid	Lambe	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Alberta	A replacement name for Protorosaurus , a new genus for Monoclonius belli
Corythosaurus casuarius [8]	Trib. Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Brown	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Alberta	A hadrosaurid
Dicraeosaurus hansemanni [9]	Trib. Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Janensch	Kimmeridgian	Tendaguru Formation	Tanzania	A Jurassic sauropod
Dicraeosaurus sattleri [9]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Janensch	Kimmeridgian	Tendaguru Formation	Tanzania	A second species of Dicraeosaurus
Gorgosaurus libratus [10]	Subfam. Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Lambe	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Alberta	A tyrannosaurid
Gryposaurus notabilis [7]	Subtrib. Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Lambe	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Alberta	A hadrosaurid
Leptoceratops gracilis [11]	Subfam. Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Brown	Maastrichtian	Scollard Formation	Alberta	An early ceratopsian
Protorosaurus [12]	Gen. nov.	Preoccupied	Lambe	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Alberta	New genus for Monoclonius belli , but preoccupied by a non-dinosaurian archosauromorph von Meyer, 1830. Renamed Chasmosaurus .
Stephanosaurus [10]	Subfam. Gen. nov.	Nomen dubium	Lambe	Campanian	Dinosaur Park Formation	Alberta	A new genus name for Trachodon marginatus

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Brancasaurus	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Wegner	Berriasian	Isterberg Formation	Germany	A possibly freshwater dwelling plesiosaur	Brancasaurus

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Lonchodectes	Fam et Gen nov	Valid	Hooley	Late Cretaceous		UK	An ornithocheiromorph	Lonchodectes compressirostris

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Arctops	Valid	Watson	255 million years ago	South Africa	A Gorgonopsian.	Arctops
Mormosaurus	Valid	Watson	270 million years ago	South Africa	A Dinocephalian.	Mormosaurus
Moschognathus	Valid		263 million years ago	South Africa
Pnigalion	Valid

Footnotes

• Paleontology portal

1. Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN   9780070887398. OCLC   46769716.
2. Cockerell, T. (1914). "New and little known insects from the Miocene of Florissant, Colorado". Journal of Geology. 22: 714–724.
3. Makarkin, V.; Archibald, S. (2014). "A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha". Zootaxa. 3784 (4): 401–444. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3784.4.4. PMID   24872063.
4. "Previous Work," Trexler (2001); page 300.
5. Brown, B. 1914. Anchiceratops, a new genus of horned dinosaurs from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta, with discussion of the origin of the ceratopsian crests and brain casts of Anchiceratops and Trachodon. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 559-565.
6. Gilmore, C.W. 1914. A new ceratopsian dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Montana, with a note on Hypacrosaurus. Smithosian Miscellaneous Collections 43: pp. 1-10.
7. Lambe, L.M. (1914). "On Gryposaurus notabilis, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Chasmosaurus belli". The Ottawa Naturalist. 27 (11): 145–155.
8. Brown, B. (1914). "Corythosaurus casuarius, a new crested dinosaur from the Belly River Cretaceous, with provisional classification of the family Trachodontidae". American Museum of Natural History Bulletin. 33: 559–565.
9. Janensch, W. 1914. Ubersicht uber die Wirbeltierfauna der Tendaguru-Schichten nebst einer kurzen Charakterisierung der neu aufgefuhrten Arten von Sauropoden. Arch. Biontol. 3: pp. 81-110.
10. Lambe, L.M. (1914). "On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon". The Ottawa Naturalist. 28 (1): 13–20.
11. Brown, B. 1914. Leptoceratops, a new genus of Ceratopsia from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 33: pp. 567-580.
12. Lambe, L.M. (1914). "On the forelimb of a carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, and a new genus of Ceratopsia from the same horizon, with remarks on the integument of some Cretaceous herbivorous dinosaurs". The Ottawa Naturalist. 27 (10): 129–135.

References

• Trexler, D., 2001, Two Medicine Formation, Montana: geology and fauna: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, pp. 298–309.