1913 in paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils . ^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues . Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science . This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1913.

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Leucotermes robustus [2]	sp. nov	Synonym	von Rosen	Lutetian	Baltic amber	Europe	A Stylotermitid termite. synonym of Parastylotermes robustus
Protosmylus picta [3]	Gen et comb. nov	Synonym	(Hagen)	Priabonian	Baltic amber	Europe	A protosmyline Osmylid lance lacewing Moved from "Osmylus" picta (1856) moved to Osmylidia picta (2021)

Vertebrates

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Diictodon	Valid	Robert Broom	Middle Permian	Pristerognathus zone	China   South Africa   Zambia	A dicynodont belonging to Pylaecephalidae, living in burrows.	Diictodon
Eocyclops	Junior synonym	Robert Broom	Late Permian			Junior synonym of Rhachiocephalus .
Ictidorhinus	Valid	Broom	Late Permian	Dicynodon assemblage zone	South Africa	A biarmosuchian.
Scylacops	Valid	Broom	Late Permian	Cistecephalus assemblage zone	South Africa	A member of Gorgonopsia.

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Aggiosaurus [4]	Valid	Ambayrac	157 million years ago	France	A geosaurine metriorhynchid.

Plesiosaurs
Name Status Authors Location Images Leurospondylus Valid Brown   Canada (  Alberta) Ogmodirus Valid Williston Moodie   USA (  Kansas)

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list. ^[5]

Name	Status	Authors		Location	Notes	Images
Elopteryx [6]	Nomen dubium	Andrews		Romania	Probable a misidentified bird, but may be a troodontid dinosaur.
Hypacrosaurus [7]	Valid taxon	Barnum Brown		Canada (  Alberta)   USA (  Montana)
Procompsognathus [8]	Valid taxon	Eberhard Fraas		Germany	a Coelophysoid.
Pterospondylus [9]	Disputed.	Jaekel		Germany	Possible junior synonym of Procompsognathus .	Pterospondylus
Styracosaurus [10]	Valid taxon	Lawrence Lambe		Canada (  Alberta)	A horned ceratopsian.	Styracosaurus
Thescelosaurus [11]	Valid taxon	Charles W. Gilmore		Canada (  Alberta and   Saskatchewan)   USA (  Colorado,   Montana,   North Dakota,   South Dakota and   Wyoming)	A small, agile Ornithopod.	Thescelosaurus

Expeditions, field work, and fossil discoveries

• April: William Edmund Cutler prospected in Dinosaur Provincial Park. His work was underwritten by the Calgary Syndicate for Prehistoric Research, a group of local philanthropist businessmen, and a small local museum, the Calgary Public Museum, which no long exists. ^[12]
• Summer: The American Museum of Natural History dispatched a team of fossil hunters to Dinosaur Provincial Park. Cutler joined the expedition but was "asked to leave" after only a few months of involvement. ^[12]
• Cutler excavated a juvenile Gryposaurus now catalogued by the Canadian Museum of Nature as CMN 8784. The site of the excavation has since been designated "quarry 252". ^[12]
• Winter: Cutler partly prepared the young Gryposaurus specimen, possibly in Calgary while working on dinosaurs for Euston Sisely. ^[12]
• A US Geological Survey crew headed by Eugene Stebinger and a US National Museum crew headed by Charles Gilmore worked together to excavate the first dinosaur discovery of the Two Medicine Formation. ^[13]

See also

• Paleontology portal

References

1. Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN   9780070887398. OCLC   46769716.
2. Emerson, A.E. (1971). "Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 146 (3): 243–304.
3. Makarkin, V.N.; Archibald, S.B.; Mathewes, R.W. (2021). "New Protosmylinae (Neuroptera: Osmylidae) from the early Eocene of western North America, with taxonomic remarks". Zootaxa. 4980 (1): 142–156.
4. Ambayrac, M. 1913. Une machoire de grand Reptile du Jurasique supérieur (Oxfordien). [journal title unknown]: pp. 97-98.
5. Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List" . Retrieved 2008-08-07.
6. Andrews, C.W. (1913): On some bird remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Transylvania. Geological Magazine 5: 193-196.
7. Brown, B. 1913. A new trachodont dinosaur, Hypacrosaurus. from the Edmonton Cretaceous of Alberta. Bull. Am. Nat. Hist. 32: pp. 395-406.
8. Fraas, E. 1913. Die neuesten Dinosaurierfunde in der schwabischen Trias. Naturwissenschaften 45: pp. 1097-1100.
9. Jaekel, O. 1913/1914. Uber die Wirbeltierfunde in der oberen Trias von Halberstadt. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 1: pp. 155-215.
10. Lambe, L. M. 1913. A new genus and species of Ceratopsia from the Belly River Formation of Alberta. The Ottawa Naturalist 27 (9): pp. 109- 116.
11. Gilmore, C.W. 1913. A new dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Wyoming. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 61: pp. 1-5.
12. D. H. Tanke. 2010. Lost in plain sight: rediscovery of William E. Cutler's missing Eoceratops. In M. J. Ryan, B. J. Chinnery-Allgeier, D. A. Eberth (eds.), New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs: The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 541-550.
13. Trexler, D., 2001, Two Medicine Formation, Montana: geology and fauna: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, pp. 298–309.