1987 Finnish parliamentary election

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1987 Finnish parliamentary election
Flag of Finland (state).svg
  1983 15–16 March 1987 1991  

All 200 seats in the Parliament of Finland
101 seats needed for a majority
 First partySecond partyThird party
  Ministeri Kalevi Sorsa (cropped).jpg Ilkka Suominen MEP portrait 1999.jpg Ulkoministeri Paavo Vayrynen 1982 (cropped).jpg
Leader Kalevi Sorsa Ilkka Suominen Paavo Väyrynen
Party SDP National Coalition Centre
Last election26.71%, 57 seats22.12%, 44 seats17.63%, 38 seats
Seats won565340
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 1Increase2.svg 9Increase2.svg 2
Popular vote695,331666,236507,460
Percentage24.14%23.13%17.62%
SwingDecrease2.svg 2.57ppIncrease2.svg 1.01ppDecrease2.svg 0.01pp

 Fourth partyFifth partySixth party
  Christoffer Taxell.jpg Pekka Vennamo smaller crop.jpg
Leader Esko Helle Christoffer Taxell Pekka Vennamo
Party SKDL RKP Rural Party
Last election13.46%, 26 seats4.61%, 10 seats9.69%, 17 seats
Seats won16129
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 10Increase2.svg 2Decrease2.svg 8
Popular vote270,433152,597181,938
Percentage9.39%5.30%6.32%
SwingDecrease2.svg 4.07ppIncrease2.svg 0.69ppDecrease2.svg 3.37pp

 Seventh partyEighth partyNinth party
  Esko-Almgren-1987 (cropped).jpg Kristiina Halkola.jpg Kalle Konkkola.jpg
Leader Esko Almgren Kristiina Halkola Kalle Könkkölä
Party Christian League Democratic Alternative Green
Last election3.03%, 3 seats1.47%, 2 seats
Seats won544
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 2NewIncrease2.svg 2
Popular vote74,209122,181115,988
Percentage2.58%4.24%4.03%
SwingDecrease2.svg 0.45ppNewIncrease2.svg 2.56pp

Prime Minister before election

Kalevi Sorsa
SDP

Prime Minister after election

Harri Holkeri
National Coalition

Parliamentary elections were held in Finland on 15 and 16 March 1987. [1] [2]

Contents

The results saw a rightwards shift in Finnish politics, although it was uncertain how far, because the voter turnout — at a comparatively low 75% — hurt the left more than the right and had a variable impact. The centre-right National Coalition Party (KOK) increased its vote share by only 1% yet gained nine seats in the Eduskunta, almost overtaking the Social Democratic Party (SDP) as the largest party. The SDP vote share dropped by 3%, with 100,000 fewer votes, yet they lost only one seat due to the way their votes were distributed across the country. The Centre Party's vote share remained stable and it gained two new seats. The Greens, who had registered a significant gain in the 1984 municipal elections gained two seats, far fewer than expected. Weakened perhaps from its membership in the long-lived government, the Finnish Rural Party (SMP) lost more than one-third of its support and almost half of its seats.

Results

1987 Eduskunta.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Social Democratic Party 695,33124.1456–1
National Coalition Party 666,23623.1353+9
Centre Party 507,46017.6240+2
Finnish People's Democratic League 270,4339.3916–10
Finnish Rural Party 181,9386.329–8
Swedish People's Party 152,5975.3012+2
Democratic Alternative 122,1814.244New
Greens 115,9884.034+2
Finnish Christian League 74,2092.585+2
Pensioners' Party35,1001.220New
Liberal People's Party 27,8240.970
Liberals for ÅlandSocial Democrats 7,0190.2410
Constitutional Right Party 3,0960.110–1
Åland CentreFreeminded Cooperation 1,8430.0600
Free Åland5390.0200
Others18,2990.640
Total2,880,093100.002000
Valid votes2,880,09399.47
Invalid/blank votes15,3950.53
Total votes2,895,488100.00
Registered voters/turnout4,017,03972.08
Source: Tilastokeskus, [3] ASUB

By electoral district

Electoral district Total
seats
Seats won
SDP Kok Kesk SKDL RKP SMP SKL DV Vihr LS
Åland 11
Central Finland 10322111
Häme 156621
Helsinki 20671312
Kymi1464211
Lapland 811411
North Karelia7313
North Savo1022411
Oulu 18238311
Pirkanmaa 13451111
Satakunta 1243221
South Savo8323
Uusima 2999224111
Vaasa 183351411
Varsinais-Suomi 1745221111
Total200565340161295441
Source: Statistics Finland [4]

Aftermath

Faced with these inconclusive results, negotiations about the shape of the new government began. After six weeks of talks and attempts to put together a completely non-socialist government, a pathbreaking combination was formed that included conservatives and socialists in the Council of State, joined by the dependable and successful Swedish People's Party and the battered and desperate SMP.

The new government, consisting of nine centrist and conservative and eight socialist ministers and headed by the KOK's Harri Holkeri, surprised some observers because a non-socialist government was possible and seemed appropriate given the election results. The outcome angered others, who contended that Koivisto had misused presidential powers when he brokered a government that had his former party as a member despite its considerable electoral losses. Koivisto countered that he had behaved properly and had let the parties themselves argue out a workable combination.

One explanation for the unusual government was that animosity against the Centre Party (Kesk) leader, Paavo Väyrynen, was so common in both the SDP and the KOK that neither party was willing to form a government with him. Thus, Kesk was deprived of its traditional "hinge" role. Another consideration was that the SDP and the KOK were not so much at odds with each another as socialist and conservative parties elsewhere might have been. Both parties had moved toward the centre, and they were in agreement about most issues, especially about the need to reduce the agricultural subsidies that had always been defended by Kesk. The resulting "red-blue" government had as program objective the preservation of the social welfare system, the improvement of Finland's competitive position in international trade, a fundamental reform of the tax system, and adherence to the Paasikivi-Kekkonen Line in foreign affairs. The SFP fitted in easily with this program. The formerly rightist, but now moderate, SMP was included because it strengthened the government slightly and because it was likely to be dependable, because it had no other place to go. Koivisto informed the new government that it would not have to resign after the presidential election of 1988, and observers expected the cabinet to serve its full term until the 1991 parliamentary elections. [5]

References

  1. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p606 ISBN   978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. Berglund, Sten (1987-12-01). "The Finnish general election of 1987" . Electoral Studies. 6 (3): 271–273. doi:10.1016/0261-3794(87)90038-2. ISSN   0261-3794.
  3. Eduskuntavaalit 1927–2003 Tilastokeskus 2004
  4. Suomen virallinen tilasto XXIX A:38: Kansanedustajain vaalit 1987. Statistics Finland. 1987.
  5. Text from PD source: US Library of Congress: A Country Study: Finland , Library of Congress Call Number DL1012 .A74 1990.