2000 in archaeology

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Last updated February 01, 2025

The year 2000 in archaeology included many events, some of which are listed below.

Excavations

June – excavations at al-Moghraqa, a Middle Bronze Age former settlement in Palestine, as part of the Gaza Research Project.^[1]
International excavations of the Middle Stone Age occupation cave sites at Pinnacle Point near Mossel Bay in South Africa begin.^[2]
Excavation and restoration of Mor Yakup Church in Turkey begins.
Re-excavation of tomb KV32 in Egypt's Valley of the Kings begins.

Finds

March – Railway viaduct of c.1790 at Blaenavon in south Wales unearthed.^[3]
Spring – Clive Cussler's National Underwater and Marine Agency discovers the wreck of RMS Carpathia (sunk 1918) 120 mi (190 km) west of Fastnet Rock.^[4]
May – Wreckage of the Lockheed F-5B Lightning reconnaissance aircraft flown by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry at the time of his death in 1944 is discovered in the Mediterranean Sea off Marseille.^[5]
May 15 – A steam locomotive and 15 dump cars from Panama Canal French construction attempts, 1881–1894, are recovered from the bed of Gatun Lake.^[6]
September – Egyptian archeologists announce the discovery of more than 100 mummies – some from 500 BC and most from Roman time – in the Valley of the Golden Mummies.
November 19 – Hallaton Treasure found in Leicestershire, England, comprising over 5,000 silver and gold coins, mostly of the Corieltauvi, the Hallaton Helmet and other metal objects from around the time of the Roman conquest of Britain.^[7]
December 7 – Kadisoka temple is discovered in Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
On Nelson's Island off the coast of Alexandria, Egypt, Italian archaeologist Dr. Paolo Gallo uncovers a group of graves dating from the 1798 Battle of the Nile. The graves contain the remains of British Royal Navy officers, sailors, and marines, as well as women and children.
Shang dynasty road discovered at Anyang Aero Sports School near Yinxu, the ancient capital of China.
Kakinoshima site located in Japan.
Girl of the Uchter Moor in Germany.
Milton Keynes Hoard in England.
Gevninge helmet fragment in Denmark.
Wreck of Russian cruiser Pallada (1906) off the coast of Finland.

Events

August 8 – Wreck of Confederate submarine H. L. Hunley is raised in South Carolina.
November 5 – Shinichi Fujimura is exposed as having planted forged Paleolithic artefacts at Japanese sites by the Mainichi Shimbun newspaper.^[8]

Publications

Wayne D. Cocroft – Dangerous Energy: the archaeology of gunpowder and military explosives manufacture. London: English Heritage. ISBN 1-85074-718-0
James Cuno – Who Owns Antiquity? – museums and the battle over our ancient heritage. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13712-4
A. F. Harding – European Societies in the Bronze Age. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-36477-9
Richard Hodges – Towns and Trade in the Age of Charlemagne. London: Duckworth. ISBN 0-7156-2965-4
Adrienne Mayor – The First Fossil Hunters: paleontology in Greek and Roman times. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-05863-6
Mark Redknap – Vikings in Wales: an archaeological quest. Cardiff: National Museums & Galleries of Wales. ISBN 0-7200-0486-1
Colin Renfrew and K. V. Boyle (ed.) – Archaeogenetics: DNA and the population prehistory of Europe. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. ISBN 1-902937-08-2
Michael Stratton and Barrie Trinder – Twentieth Century Industrial Archaeology. London: E & FN Spon. ISBN 0-419-24680-0
Richard J. A. Talbert (ed.) – Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03169-X

Deaths

January 11 – Timothy W. Potter, English archaeologist (b. 1944)^[9]
November 25 – James Deetz, American anthropologist and historical archaeologist (b. 1930)

Related Research Articles

Egyptology is the scientific study of ancient Egypt. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.

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Tall al-Ajjul or Tell el-'Ajul is an archaeological mound or tell in the Gaza Strip. The fortified city excavated at the site dates as far back as ca. 2000–1800 BCE and was inhabited during the Bronze Age. It is located at the mouth of Wadi Ghazzah just south of the town of Gaza.

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Tell es-Sakan is a tell about 5 km south of Gaza City in what is today the Gaza Strip, on the northern bank of Wadi Ghazzeh. It was the site of two separate Early Bronze Age urban settlements: an earlier one representing the fortified administrative center of the Egyptian colonies in southwestern Palestine from the end of the 4th millennium, and a later, local Canaanite fortified city of the third millennium. The location at the mouth of what was probably a palaeochannel of the river, allowed it to develop as an important maritime settlement with a natural harbour. Its geographical location endowed it with a position of importance at the crossroads of land-based trade routes between the Canaan region, the Old Kingdom of Egypt, and Arabia. As of 2000, the early Egyptian settlement was the oldest fortified site known to researchers in both Egypt and Palestine.

The Hallaton Treasure, the largest hoard of British Iron Age coins, was discovered in 2000 near Hallaton in southeast Leicestershire, England, by volunteers from the Hallaton Fieldwork Group. The initial find was made by Ken Wallace on 19 November 2000, when he found about 130 coins with a metal detector.

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The Hallaton Helmet is a decorated iron Roman cavalry parade helmet originally covered in a sheet of silver and decorated in places with gold leaf. It was discovered in 2000 near Hallaton, Leicestershire after Ken Wallace, a member of the Hallaton Fieldwork Group, found coins in the area. Further investigation by professional archaeologists from the University of Leicester Archaeological Services discovered that the site appeared to have been used as a large-scale Iron Age shrine. Nine years of conservation and restoration have been undertaken by experts from the British Museum, supported by a Heritage Lottery Fund grant of £650,000. The helmet is now on permanent display at the Harborough Museum in Market Harborough alongside other artefacts from the Hallaton Treasure hoard.

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Moain Sadeq is a Palestinian-Canadian archaeologist specialising in the archaeology of Gaza. He teaches at Qatar University and has worked at colleges in Canada. After completing a doctorate at the Free University of Berlin, Sadeq co-founded the Faculty of Education in Gaza, which later became Al-Aqsa University. In 1994, Sadeq co-founded the Department of Antiquities of Gaza. While working at department, Sadeq jointly led excavations at Tell es-Sakan and Tell el-‘Ajjul.

References

↑ Steel, Louise; Clarke, Joanne; Sadeq, Moain; Manley, Bill; McCarthy, Andrew; Munro, R. Neil (2004), "Gaza Research Project. Report on the 1999 and 2000 seasons at al-Moghraqa", Levant, 36: 43–79, doi:10.1179/lev.2004.36.1.37
↑ Marean, C.W.; et al. (2004). "Paleoanthropological investigations of Middle Stone Age sites at Pinnacle Point, Mossel Bay (South Africa): archaeology and hominid remains from the 2000 field season". PaleoAnthropology. 1: 14–83.
↑ Time Team February 2001.
↑ "Discovery Of R.M.S. Carpathia". Titanic-Titanic.com. 2000-09-23. Archived from the original on 2007-10-22. Retrieved 2012-03-16.
↑ "France Finds Crash Site of 'Little Prince' Author Saint-Exupery." Europe Intelligence Wire, Agence France-Presse, 2004-04-07. Retrieved 2011-11-09 via Gale General OneFile ^{(subscription)}. Gale Document Number: GALE|A115071273.
↑ "Panama Rescues Sunken French Train". AP. 2000-05-17. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
↑ "Coin hoard declared treasure". BBC News. 2003-04-08. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
↑ Romey, Kristin M. (2001). "'God's Hands' Did the Devil's Work". Archaeology. 54 (1). Retrieved 2024-11-25– via Archaeology Archive.
↑ Wallace-Hadrill, Andrew (2013-08-09). "Timothy William Potter (6 July 1944–11 January 2000)". Papers of the British School at Rome. 68: ix–xix. doi: 10.1017/S006824620000386X .

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[1] Steel, Louise; Clarke, Joanne; Sadeq, Moain; Manley, Bill; McCarthy, Andrew; Munro, R. Neil (2004), "Gaza Research Project. Report on the 1999 and 2000 seasons at al-Moghraqa", Levant, 36: 43–79, doi:10.1179/lev.2004.36.1.37

[2] Marean, C.W.; et al. (2004). "Paleoanthropological investigations of Middle Stone Age sites at Pinnacle Point, Mossel Bay (South Africa): archaeology and hominid remains from the 2000 field season". PaleoAnthropology. 1: 14–83.

[3] Time Team February 2001.

[4] "Discovery Of R.M.S. Carpathia". Titanic-Titanic.com. 2000-09-23. Archived from the original on 2007-10-22. Retrieved 2012-03-16.

[5] "France Finds Crash Site of 'Little Prince' Author Saint-Exupery." Europe Intelligence Wire, Agence France-Presse, 2004-04-07. Retrieved 2011-11-09 via Gale General OneFile ^{(subscription)}. Gale Document Number: GALE|A115071273.

[6] "Panama Rescues Sunken French Train". AP. 2000-05-17. Retrieved 2021-07-26.

[7] "Coin hoard declared treasure". BBC News. 2003-04-08. Retrieved 2014-07-07.

[8] Romey, Kristin M. (2001). "'God's Hands' Did the Devil's Work". Archaeology. 54 (1). Retrieved 2024-11-25– via Archaeology Archive.

[9] Wallace-Hadrill, Andrew (2013-08-09). "Timothy William Potter (6 July 1944–11 January 2000)". Papers of the British School at Rome. 68: ix–xix. doi: 10.1017/S006824620000386X .

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