1998 in archaeology

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The year 1998 in archaeology involved some significant events.

Explorations

• Location of site of Portuguese carrack Esmeralda wrecked off the coast of Oman in 1503. ^[1]

Excavations

• August - Excavation begins at the Belitung shipwreck, an Arab dhow wrecked off Belitung island in Indonesia about 830 AD discovered earlier in the year; it will yield the biggest single collection of Tang dynasty treasures found in one location. ^[2]
• October - Excavation begins at "Seahenge" ('Holme I'), a prehistoric timber circle off Holme-next-the-Sea in England discovered earlier in the year.
• November 5–20 - British female Mark IV tank D51 Deborah, knocked out at the Battle of Cambrai (1917), at Flesquières in the north of France. ^{[3] [4]}
• Igeum-dong, a settlement-burial-ceremonial site of the Mumun Pottery Period in Sacheon, Korea (excavations finish in 1999).
• Excavations at Urkesh by the Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft.
• Excavations begin at Pichvnari in Georgia by an Anglo-Georgian joint team. ^[5]
• Excavations begin at Taposiris Magna in Egypt.

Finds

• September - The largest Shapwick Hoard of Roman coins, including the largest number of silver denarii ever found in Britain. ^{[6] [7]}
• Whydah Gally , wrecked off Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in 1717, the first authenticated pirate shipwreck ever discovered. ^[8]
• Artognou stone found at Tintagel Castle, Cornwall. ^[9]
• World's oldest wet-rice (rice paddy) agricultural feature, c. 800 BC, at Okhyeon site, Ulsan, Korea.
• Human remains at 36 Craven Street, London, former home of Benjamin Franklin, probably dissected in the anatomy school run here by his friend, surgeon William Hewson, 1772–74. ^[10]
• A floor mosaic depicting Orpheus is found at Prusias ad Hypium in Turkey. ^{[11] [12]}

Publications

• Flemming Kaul - Ships on Bronzes: a study in Bronze Age religion and iconography.
• Ian M. Stead - The Salisbury Hoard.
• Patricia Wattenmaker - Household and State in Upper Mesopotamia: specialized economy and the social uses of goods in an early complex society.

Other events

• Exhibition is held at the Harvard University Semitic Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts: "The Sphinx and the Pyramids: One Hundred Years of American Archaeology at Giza". A model of the Giza plateau is prepared for it.

Deaths

• April 18 - Linda Schele, American Mayanist (b. 1942) ^[13]
• May 11 - Vronwy Hankey, British Near Eastern archaeologist (b. 1916) ^[14]
• November 24 - John Chadwick, English co-decipherer of Linear B (b. 1920) ^[15]

References

1. Mearns, David L.; Parham, David; Frohlich, Bruno (2016-03-14). "A Portuguese East Indiaman from the 1502–1503 Fleet of Vasco da Gama off Al Hallaniyah Island, Oman: an interim report" (PDF). International Journal of Nautical Archaeology . 46 (2): 331–350. doi: 10.1111/1095-9270.12175 .
2. "Belitung Wreck Details & Photos". Marine Exploration. Archived from the original on 2008-10-01. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
3. "Discovery". The Tank of Flesquières. Association du tank de Flesquières. Retrieved 2019-01-17.
4. Taylor, John A. (2016). Deborah and the War of the Tanks 1917. Barnsley: Pend & Sword. ISBN   9781473848344.
5. Vickers, Michael (2009). "Welcome to the Pichvnari website" . Retrieved 2022-11-20.
6. "Gold coin hoard unveiled". BBC News . UK. Archived from the original on 2009-02-12. Retrieved 2019-05-28.
7. "Treasure Annual Report 1998–1999" (PDF). UK: Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-01. Retrieved 2010-07-12.
8. Commonwealth of Massachusetts v. Maritime Underwater Surveys, Inc., 403Mass.501 (Mass. Supreme Court1988).
9. "Clue to King Arthur discovered". BBC News. UK. Retrieved 2017-04-17.
10. Hillson, Simon; Waldron, Tony; Owen-Smith, Brian; Martin, Louise (February 2006). "Benjamin Franklin, William Hewson and the Craven Street bones". Archaeology International . 2: 14–16. doi: 10.5334/ai.0206 .
11. "Prusias ad Hypium (Konuralp or Üskübü) Turkey". The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
12. "Tarih Turizmi – Konuralp'ın Mihenk Taşlatından ... Prusias Antik Kentinin Dokusu" (in Turkish). Konuralp. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
13. "Obituary: Linda Schele" . The Independent . London. 1998-05-22. Archived from the original on 2022-05-01. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
14. "Obituary: Vronwy Hankey". The Independent. 1998-06-22. Archived from the original on 2022-05-01. Retrieved 2017-05-30.
15. "Obituary: John Chadwick". The Independent. 1998-12-04. Archived from the original on 2022-05-01. Retrieved 2017-05-30.