It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative period by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region.[2][3]
Guerrero lost a congressional seat in the 2023 redistricting process carried out by the National Electoral Institute (INE). Under the new districting plan, which is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections,[6] the 5th district covers 315 electoral precincts (secciones electorales) across 23 municipalities in the easternmost part of the state's Mountain region:[7][8]
The head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Tlapa de Comonfort. The district reported a population of 453,410 in the 2020 Census; with Indigenous and Afrodescendent inhabitants accounting for over 85% of that total, it is classified by the National Electoral Institute (INE) as an indigenous district.[1][8][b]
Because of shifting population patterns, Guerrero currently has two fewer districts than the ten the state was assigned under the 1977 electoral reforms that set the national total at 300.[10]
2017–2022
Between 2017 and 2022, Guerrero was allocated nine electoral districts. The 5th district had its head town at Tlapa de Comonfort and it comprised 18 municipalities in the eastern Mountain region:[12][11]
The 2005 districting plan assigned Guerrero nine districts. The 5th district's head town was at Tlapa de Comonfort and it covered a different configuration of 18 municipalities in the Mountain region:[13][14]
Under the 1996 districting plan, which allocated Guerrero ten districts, the 5th district was located in the eastern Mountain region and had its head town at Tlapa de Comonfort. It comprised the following municipalities:[15][14]
The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Guerrero's district allocation rose from six to ten.[9] The 5th district had its head town at Tlapa de Comonfort and it covered 17 municipalities in the Mountain region:[16]
↑ The horseshoe-shaped municipality of Metlatónoc is split between the 5th and the 8th districts.
↑ The INE deems any local or federal electoral district where Indigenous or Afrodescendent inhabitants number 40% or more of the total population to be an indigenous district.[1]
↑ Ramírez Hernández was elected for the PRI but switched allegiance to the PRD in February 2011.[31] He resigned his seat on 24 March 2011[32] to take office as Secretary of Rural Development of Guerrero. When his substitute, Villanueva de la Luz, was found murdered in September 2011,[33] a number of PRI members accused Ramírez Hernández of involvement.[34] He returned to his seat in Congress in December 2011.[35]
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