Agalinis maritima

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Agalinis maritima
Agalinis maritima iNat-25451547.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Genus: Agalinis
Species:
A. maritima
Binomial name
Agalinis maritima
(Rafinesque) Rafinesque
Synonyms [1]
  • Gerardia maritima

Agalinis maritima, commonly called saltmarsh false foxglove, is an annual herbaceous plant. It is a halophytic, obligate wetland species found in the eastern Atlantic seaboard from Nova Scotia to Texas, extending further south towards the Lucayan Archipelago and the Greater Antilles. [2] [3] [4]

Contents

Distribution

Agalinis maritima is found in coastal salt and brackish marshes, including mangrove swamps and salt flats. [5] In Maine, it was most often found in high (upper) salt marsh where slight depressions have sparse vegetative cover and low competition from species such as Spartina patens . [6]

Description

Sometimes confused with Agalinis purpurea , saltmarsh false foxglove can be recognized from its fleshy, obtuse leaves. [7] [8] It has pink or purple flowers arranged in short racemes; the blooms usually fall off within a day. [6] [9] It blooms in August and September. [10] Agalinis maritima is a low-growing annual plant that reaches about 10 centimetres (3.9 in). [3] It is usually branched from the base upwards with ascending branches. [5]

It has a highly supported sister relationship Agalinis kingsii . [8]

Conservation

Agalinis maritima is threatened in New York state and rare in Maine and New Hampshire. [9] [11] It is endangered by invasive phragmites and wetland destruction due to human development. [11]

References

  1. ↑ "Agalinis maritima (Raf.) Raf. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  2. ↑ "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  3. 1 2 "Agalinis maritima". Leon Levy Native Plant Preserve. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  4. ↑ Mold, Robert J. (2012-12-02). Ecology of Halophytes. Elsevier. p. 43. ISBN   978-0-323-14437-7.
  5. 1 2 Godfrey, Robert K.; Wooten, Jean W. (2011-07-01). Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States: Dicotyledons. University of Georgia Press. p. 667. ISBN   978-0-8203-4243-6.
  6. 1 2 St. John Vickery, Barbara; Vickery, Peter D. (1983). "Note on the Status of Agalinis Maritima (raf.) Raf. in Maine". Rhodora. 85 (842): 267–269. ISSN   0035-4902. JSTOR   23314620.
  7. ↑ "Agalinis maritima (saltmarsh agalinis): Go Botany". gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  8. 1 2 Latvis, Maribeth; Souza, Vinicius Castro; Tank, David C.; Soltis, Pamela S.; Soltis, Douglas E. (2024-07-24). "An Evolutionary Framework for Agalinis (Orobanchaceae; The False Foxgloves) Reveals a Rapid South American Radiation that Includes Esterhazya" . Systematic Botany. 49 (2): 455–481. doi:10.1600/036364424X17095905880222. ISSN   0363-6445.
  9. 1 2 Elliman, Ted; Trust, Native Plant (2016-05-11). Wildflowers of New England. Timber Press. p. 300. ISBN   978-1-60469-740-7.
  10. ↑ Club, Torrey Botanical (1915). Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. Torrey Botanical Club. p. 338.
  11. 1 2 "Seaside Agalinis Guide - New York Natural Heritage Program". guides.nynhp.org. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
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