Lucayan Archipelago | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 23°44′N75°22′W / 23.74°N 75.37°W | |
Continent | North America |
Subregion | Caribbean |
Countries and territories | |
Area | |
• Total | 14,308 km2 (5,524 sq mi) |
Population (2016) | |
• Total | 443,000 |
• Density | 24.6/km2 (64/sq mi) |
Demonym(s) | Bahamian, Turks Islander, Caicos Islander |
Time zone | UTC−05:00 (EST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00 (EDT) |
The Lucayan Archipelago (named for the original native Lucayan people), also known as the Bahamian Archipelago, is an island group comprising the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and the British Overseas Territory of the Turks and Caicos Islands. The archipelago is in the western North Atlantic Ocean, north of Cuba and the other Antillean Islands, and east and south-east of Florida.
William Keegan writes: "Modern political considerations aside, the islands form a single archipelago with common geological, ecological, and cultural roots." [1] Though part of the West Indies, the Lucayan Archipelago is not located on the Caribbean Sea.
The Mouchoir Bank, the Silver Bank, and the Navidad Bank are a submerged continuation of the archipelago, to the southeast of the Turks and Caicos Islands. [2] Mouchoir Bank is disputed between the Turks and Caicos Islands and Dominican Republic, Silver Bank and Navidad Bank are part of the Dominican Republic.
Julian Granberry and Gary Vescelius suggest the following Lucayan (Taíno) etymologies for various Lucayan islands. [3]
Spanish name | Modern name | Taíno form | Meaning |
---|---|---|---|
Inagua | Inagua | i+na+wa | Small Eastern Land |
Baneque | Inagua | ba+ne+ke | Big Water Island |
Guanahaní | Little Inagua | wa+na+ha+ni | Small Upper Waters Land |
Utiaquia | Ragged Island | huti+ya+kaya | Western Hutia Island |
Jume(n)to | Crooked/Jumento | ha+wo+ma+te | Upper Land of the Middle Distance |
Curateo | Exuma | ko+ra+te+wo | Outer Far Distant Land |
Guaratía | Exuma | wa+ra+te+ya | Far Distant Land |
Babueca | Turks Bank | ba+we+ka | Large Northern Basin |
Cacina | Big Sand Cay | ka+si+na | Little Northern Sand |
Canamani | Salt Cay | ka+na+ma+ni | Small Northern Mid-Waters |
Cacumani | Salt Cay | ka+ko+ma+ni | Mid-Waters Northern Outlier |
Macareque | Cotton Cay | Ma+ka+ri+ke | Middle Northern Land |
Amuana | Grand Turk | aba+wa+na | First Small Land |
Caciba | South Caicos | ka+siba | Northern Rocky |
Guana | East Caicos | wa+na | Small Country |
Aniana | Middle Caicos | a+ni+ya+na | Small Far Waters |
Caicos | North Caicos | ka+i+ko | Nearby Northern Outlier |
Buiana | Pine Cay | bu+ya+na | Small Western Home |
Boniana | Pine Cays | bo+ni+ya+na | Small Western Waters Home |
Yucanacan | Providenciales | yuka+na+ka | The Peoples Small Northern [Land] |
Ianicana | Providenciales | ya+ni+ka+na | Far Waters Smaller [Land] |
Macubiza | West Caicos | ma+ko+bi+sa | Mid Unsettled Outlier |
Mayaguana | Mayaguana | ma+ya+wa+na | Lesser Midwestern Land |
Amaguayo | Plana Cays | a+ma+wa+yo | Toward the Middle Lands |
Yabaque | Acklins Island | ya+ba+ke | Large Western Land |
Samana | Samana | sa+ma+na | Small Middle Forest |
Yuma | Long Island | yu+ma | Higher Middle |
Manigua | Rum Cay | ma+ni+wa | Mid Waters Land |
Guanahaní | San Salvador | wa+na+ha+hi | Small Upper Waters Land |
Guateo | Little San Salvador | wa+te+yo | Toward the Distant Land |
Guanima | Cat Island | wa+ni+ma | Middle Waters Land |
Ayrabo | Great Guana Cay | ay+ra+bo | Far Distant Home |
Nema | New Providence | ne+ma | Middle Waters |
Ciguateo | Eleuthera | siba+te+wo | Distant Rocky Place |
Lucayoneque | Great Abaco | luka+ya+ne+ke | The People's Distant Waters Land |
Bahama | Grand Bahama | ba+ha+ma | Large Upper Middle [Land] |
Habacoa | Andros | ha+ba+ko+wa | Large Upper Outlier Land |
Canimisi | Williams Island | ka+ni+misi | Northern Waters Swamp |
Bimini | Bimini | bimini | The Twins |
The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the West Indies in the North Atlantic. It takes up 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago's land area and is home to 88% of the archipelago's population. The archipelagic state consists of more than 3,000 islands, cays, and islets in the Atlantic Ocean, and is located north of Cuba and northwest of the island of Hispaniola and the Turks and Caicos Islands, southeast of the U.S. state of Florida, and east of the Florida Keys. The capital is Nassau on the island of New Providence. The Royal Bahamas Defence Force describes The Bahamas' territory as encompassing 470,000 km2 (180,000 sq mi) of ocean space.
The Turks and Caicos Islands are a British Overseas Territory consisting of the larger Caicos Islands and smaller Turks Islands, two groups of tropical islands in the Lucayan Archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean and northern West Indies. They are known primarily for tourism and as an offshore financial centre. The resident population in July 2021 was put at 57,196, making it the third-largest of the British overseas territories by population.
The earliest arrival of people in the islands now known as The Bahamas was in the first millennium AD. The first inhabitants of the islands were the Lucayans, an Arawakan language-speaking Taino people, who arrived between about 500 and 800 AD from other islands of the Caribbean.
The Lucayan people were the original residents of The Bahamas before the European conquest of the Americas. They were a branch of the Taínos who inhabited most of the Caribbean islands at the time. The Lucayans were the first indigenous Americans encountered by Christopher Columbus. Shortly after contact, the Spanish kidnapped and enslaved Lucayans, with the displacement culminating in the complete eradication of the Lucayan people from the Bahamas by 1520.
The Antilles is an archipelago bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the south and west, the Gulf of Mexico to the northwest, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north and east.
The Ciboney, or Siboney, were a Taíno people of central Cuba, Jamaica, and the Tiburon Peninsula of Haiti. A Western Taíno group living in central Cuba during the 15th and 16th centuries, they had a dialect and culture distinct from the Classic Taíno in the eastern part of the island, though much of the Ciboney territory was under the control of the eastern chiefs. Confusion in the historical sources led 20th-century scholars to apply the name "Ciboney" to the non-Taíno Guanahatabey of western Cuba and various archaic cultures around the Caribbean, but this is deprecated.
Inagua is the southernmost district of the Bahamas, comprising the islands of Great Inagua and Little Inagua. The headquarters for the district council are in Matthew Town.
Mayaguana is the easternmost island and district of The Bahamas. Its population was 277 in the 2010 census. It has an area of about 280 km2 (110 sq mi).
Silver Bank is a submerged bank in the Atlantic Ocean north of the Dominican Republic and southeast of the territory of Turks and Caicos Islands. It covers an area of 1,680 square kilometres. It is separated from Mouchoir Bank in the west by Silver Bank Passage, and from Navidad Bank in the east by Navidad Bank Passage.
Navidad Bank is a submerged bank in the Atlantic Ocean north of the Dominican Republic and southeast of the Territory of Turks & Caicos. It is separated from Silver Bank by the wide Navidad Bank Passage.
At the time of first contact between Europe and the Americas, the indigenous peoples of the Caribbean included the Taíno of the northern Lesser Antilles, most of the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas, the Kalinago of the Lesser Antilles, the Ciguayo and Macorix of parts of Hispaniola, and the Guanahatabey of western Cuba. The Kalinago have maintained an identity as an indigenous people, with a reserved territory in Dominica.
The Bahama Banks are the submerged carbonate platforms that make up much of the Bahama Archipelago. The term is usually applied in referring to either the Great Bahama Bank around Andros Island, or the Little Bahama Bank of Grand Bahama Island and Great Abaco, which are the largest of the platforms, and the Cay Sal Bank north of Cuba. The islands of these banks are politically part of the Bahamas. Other banks are the three banks of the Turks and Caicos Islands, namely the Caicos Bank of the Caicos Islands, the bank of the Turks Islands, and wholly submerged Mouchoir Bank. Farther southeast are the equally wholly submerged Silver Bank and Navidad Bank north of the Dominican Republic.
Mouchoir Bank, in Spanish also called Banco de Pañuelo Blanco, is a submerged bank that is part of the Turks and Caicos Islands and falls within its exclusive economic zone.
The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, which comprises 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies in three archipelagos: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles, and the Lucayan Archipelago.
The Caribbean bioregion is a biogeographic region that includes the islands of the Caribbean Sea and nearby Atlantic islands, which share a fauna, flora and mycobiota distinct from surrounding bioregions.
The Caribbean is a subregion of the Americas that includes the Caribbean Sea and its islands, some of which are surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some of which border both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean; the nearby coastal areas on the mainland are often also included in the region. The region is southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and the North American mainland, east of Central America, and north of South America.
The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to the British Overseas Territory of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to the Commonwealth of The Bahamas.
Taíno is an extinct Arawakan language that was spoken by the Taíno people of the Caribbean. At the time of Spanish contact, it was the most common language throughout the Caribbean. Classic Taíno was the native language of the Taíno tribes living in the northern Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and most of Hispaniola, and expanding into Cuba. The Ciboney dialect is essentially unattested, but colonial sources suggest it was very similar to Classic Taíno, and was spoken in the westernmost areas of Hispaniola, the Bahamas, Jamaica, and most of Cuba.
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