JoséManuel Ramos-Horta is an East Timorese politician currently serving as president of East Timor since May 2022. He previously served as president from 20 May 2007 to 20 May 2012. Previously he was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2006 and Prime Minister from 2006 to 2007. He is a co-recipient of the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize,along with Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo,for working "towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor".
East Timor,officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste,is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. The country comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor and the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco. The first inhabitants are thought to be descendant of Australoid and Melanesian peoples. The Portuguese began to trade with Timor by the early 16th century and colonised it throughout the mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region eventually resulted in an 1859 treaty for which Portugal ceded the western half of the island. Imperial Japan occupied East Timor during World War II,but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese surrender.
The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor is a centre-left political party in East Timor. It presently holds 23 of 65 seats in the National Parliament. Fretilin formed the government in East Timor until its independence in 2002. It obtained the presidency in 2017 under Francisco Guterres but lost in the 2022 East Timorese presidential election.
The culture of East Timor reflects numerous cultural influences,including Portuguese,Roman Catholic,and Malay,on the indigenous Austronesian cultures in East Timor.
The Commission for Reception,Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor was an independent truth commission established in East Timor in 2001 under the UN Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) and charged to “inquire into human rights violations committed on all sides,between April 1974 and October 1999,and facilitate community reconciliation with justice for those who committed less serious offenses.”The idea of a truth commission in East Timor was first agreed by the National Council of Timorese Resistance in 2000.
Fernando de Araújo,also known as Lasama was an East Timorese activist and politician. He was a clandestine activist for the independence of East Timor,and then founded the Democratic Party after independence. He was President of the National Parliament of East Timor from 2007 to 2012. He also served as the Acting President for two months in early 2008.
East Timor and Indonesia established diplomatic relations in 2002. Both share the island of Timor. Indonesia invaded the former Portuguese colony in 1975 and annexed East Timor in 1976,maintaining East Timor as its 27th province until a United Nations-sponsored referendum in 1999,in which the people of East Timor chose independence. Following a United Nations interim administration,East Timor gained independence in 2002. Indonesia already had a consulate in Dili during the Portuguese colonial period,though Indonesia formalized their relations by establishing an embassy in Dili. Since October 2002,East Timor has an embassy in Jakarta and consulates in Denpasar and Kupang. Relations between the two countries are generally considered highly positive,despite various problems. Numerous agreements regulate cooperation in different areas. East Timorese are visa-free in Indonesia.
Adaljiza Albertina Xavier Reis Magno is an East Timorese politician and diplomat,and a member of the Fretilin political party.
Maria de Lourdes Martins Cruz is an East Timorese Roman Catholic woman dedicated to the service of the poor.
East Timor is a multiparty parliamentary republic with a population of approximately 1.1 million,sharing the island of Timor with Indonesia's Nusa Tenggara province. During the 24 years of Indonesian occupation and after the 1999 independence referendum,pro Indonesian militias committed many human rights violations. The country gained independence in 2002,and free and fair elections were held in 2007. The United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor (UNMIT) and the International Stabilization Force remain in the country while it develops its own security forces,the National Police (PNTL) and Defence Forces (F-FDTL).
The Indonesia–Timor Leste Commission on Truth and Friendship was a truth commission established jointly by the governments of Indonesia and East Timor in August 2005. The commission was officially created to investigate acts of violence that occurred around the independence referendum held in East Timor in 1999 and sought to find the "conclusive truth" behind the events. After holding private hearings and document reviews,the commission handed in the final report on July 15,2008 to the presidents of both nations,and was fully endorsed by Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono,providing the first acknowledgement by the government of Indonesia of the human rights violations committed by state institutions in Timor. The commission is notable for being the first modern truth commission to be bilateral.
Silverio Pinto Baptista is the Provedor (Ombudsman) for Human Rights and Justice of Timor-Leste. He has held this position since October 2014. He is supported by the Office of the Provedor for Human Rights and Justice,or Provedoria dos Direitos Humanos e Justiça (PDHJ),which is the National Human Rights Institution of Timor-Leste.
Presidential elections were held in East Timor on 20 March 2017. Incumbent President Taur Matan Ruak,who was eligible for a second term,chose not to run for re-election. The result was a victory for Francisco Guterres of FRETILIN.
Isabel da Costa Ferreira,also Isabel Ruak Ferreira,was an East Timorese jurist,human rights activist,politician,and wife of East Timor's former president and former prime minister,Taur Matan Ruak. She was the First Lady of East Timor from 2012 to 2017. Along with her husband,she was a member of Partidu Libertasaun Popular (PLP).
The National Resistance of East Timorese Students was a resistance movement of students from East Timor against the Indonesian occupation between 1975 and 1999. RENETIL was established on June 20,1988,in Denpasar,Bali,Indonesia,by ten East Timorese students. with the leadership of Fernando de Araújo as General Secretary. This organization was later extended to other cities in Indonesia with East Timorese students.
Dionísio da Costa Babo Soares is an East Timorese politician,and a member of the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT). From June 2018 to May 2020,he was the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation,under the VIII Constitutional Government of East Timor;he had earlier served as Minister of State,Coordinator of State Administration Affairs and Justice,Minister of State Administration,and Minister of Justice.
Mariano Sabino Lopes,also known by his nom de guerreAssanami,is an East Timorese politician and a member of the Democratic Party (PD).
António da Conceição,also known by his nom de guerreKalohan (transl. "Cloud"),is an East Timorese politician,and a member of the Democratic Party (PD). He has held several Ministries in the government,and as of 2021 was a Member of the National Parliament.
Cirilo JoséJacob Valadares Cristóvão was a politician from East Timor who formerly served as the Minister of Defense from 2015 to 2017.
