| Asplenium obtusatum | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Suborder: | Aspleniineae |
| Family: | Aspleniaceae |
| Genus: | Asplenium |
| Species: | A. obtusatum |
| Binomial name | |
| Asplenium obtusatum G.Forst. | |
Asplenium obtusatum, the shore spleenwort or paranako, is a species of spleenwort found in New Zealand and other Pacific isles. [1]
Shore spleenworts grow up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) high and the same across. They are evergreen plants with plump fronds and bulky rhizomes that often protrude above-ground as a woody lump. [2] [3] Spleenworts have elongated, rather than circular, sori; [4] those of Asplenium obtustatum grow to 1 centimetre (0.39 in) long. [2]
Shore spleenworts are found in coastal habitats on both main islands of New Zealand (North and South), as well as Stewart Island, Campbell Island, and the Chatham, the Snares, Auckland, and the Antipodes islands. It is also reported from various southern Pacific and Atlantic islands and from parts of South America. [5] [6]
Asplenium obtusatum is commonly known as the shore spleenwort; its Māori name is "paranako". [3] The specific epithet, obtusatum , means "blunt". [6]
There are two subspecies: A. o. obtusatum, more common in the South Island; and A. o. northlandicum, smaller and found near Auckland. [2]
Asplenium is a genus of about 700 species of ferns, often treated as the only genus in the family Aspleniaceae, though other authors consider Hymenasplenium separate, based on molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, a different chromosome count, and structural differences in the rhizomes. The type species for the genus is Asplenium marinum.
Beilschmiedia tawa, commonly known as the tawa, is a New Zealand broadleaf tree common in the central parts of the country. Tawa is often the dominant canopy tree species in lowland forests in the North Island and the north east of the South Island, but will also often form the subcanopy in primary forests throughout the country in these areas, beneath podocarps such as kahikatea, matai, miro and rimu. Individual specimens may grow up to 30 metres or more in height with trunks up to 1.2 metres in diameter, and they have smooth dark bark. The Māori word "tawa" is the name for the tree.
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Ruth Mason was a New Zealand botanist specialising in the taxonomy and ecology of freshwater plants. She was employed at the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research for 35 years undertaking research into aquatic plants, pioneering new techniques for plant preservation and collecting over 13,000 plant specimens in the field. She was awarded life membership by the New Zealand Ecological Society.
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The Auckland Region of New Zealand is home to numerous endemic flora and fauna. Many of these species have ranges restricted to the Waitākere Ranges, Great Barrier Island, Little Barrier Island and the Mokohinau Islands. A number of species have restricted ranges that include areas outside of the Auckland Region, such as Buller's shearwater and Pycroft's petrel, or organisms such as the brown teal / pateke and stitchbird / hihi which have recently increased ranges due to conservation efforts.
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