| Barclaya | |
|---|---|
 | |
 | |
| Barclaya longifolia | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Barclaya Wall. |
| Type species | |
| Barclaya longifolia Wall. [1] | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Barclaya is a genus of six species of flowering plants of the family Nymphaeaceae. [2] Barclaya are aquatic plants native to tropical Asia. The genus was named in honour of the American-born English brewer and patron of science Robert Barclay. [3] [4]
Plants grow from egg-shaped tubers that produce short runners and a basal rosette of leaves. All leaves are submerged. [3]
The genus Barclaya Wall. was first published by Nathaniel Wallich in 1827. [2] Though Hydrostemma is a name that is older than the name Barclaya, having been published 6 months earlier, the name Barclaya has been "conserved" as it was deemed being much better known than Hydrostemma. [5]
| Flower | Species [2] | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
 | Barclaya longifolia Wall. | Indochina |
| Barclaya motleyi Hook.f. | Indonesia (Irian Jaya, Kalimantan, Sumatra), New Guinea (Idei 2010), Peninsular Malaysia | |
| Barclaya panchorensis Komala | Malaya Peninsula [6] | |
| Barclaya rotundifolia M.Hotta | Sarawak, Johore, Malaysia [7] | |
| Barclaya rugosa Sofiman Othman & N.Jacobsen | Malaya Peninsula [8] | |
| Barclaya wellyi Wongso, Ipor & N.Jacobsen | Sumatra [9] | |
Disputed species include:
They were resurrected in a recent revision of the genus, [1] but are not accepted by some other sources, such as Plants of the World Online of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [2]
The separate family Barclayaceae H.L.Li was published in 1955. [10] It has been believed to be separate, due to the extended perianth tube (combined sepals and petals) arising from the top of the ovary and by stamens that are joined basally. However, morphological and genetic studies support the position of Barclaya in the family Nymphaeaceae. [11] A separate order Barclayales Doweld was proposed in 2001. [12] [13]
The accepted placement of Barclaya is within the family Nymphaeaceae of the order Nymphaeales. [14]
The diploid chromosome count is 2n = 36. [1]
Within tropical rainforests, Barclaya develops alongside streams or at their fringes. The escalating deforestation across Southeast Asia is causing the habitats to become clouded, endangering Barclaya. [15]
The IUCN conservation status of Barclaya longifolia is least concern (LC). [16] The IUCN conservation status of Barclaya motleyi is data deficient (DD). [17]
In Laos, Barclaya longifolia is used for its edible leaves. [18]
Barclaya longifolia is a popular aquarium plant. [19] [5] [20] Under high light conditions the attractive, upright foliage displays green colouration. Under lower light conditions brownish foliage is produced. [21] It easily sets seed in cultivation, if pollen is deposited on the stigma. [22]
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe. Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
The Nymphaeales are an order of flowering plants, consisting of three families of aquatic plants, the Hydatellaceae, the Cabombaceae, and the Nymphaeaceae. It is one of the three orders of basal angiosperms, an early-diverging grade of flowering plants. At least 10 morphological characters unite the Nymphaeales. One of the traits is the absence of a vascular cambium, which is required to produce both xylem (wood) and phloem, which therefore are missing. Molecular synapomorphies are also known.
Nymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains five genera with about 70 known species. Water lilies are rooted in soil in bodies of water, with leaves and flowers floating on or rising from the surface. Leaves are round, with a radial notch in Nymphaea and Nuphar, but fully circular in Victoria and Euryale.
Ceratophyllum is a cosmopolitan genus of flowering plants including four accepted living species in 2016, commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant genus in the family Ceratophyllaceae, itself the only extant family in the order Ceratophyllales. They are usually called coontails or hornworts, although hornwort is also used for unrelated plants of the division Anthocerotophyta.
Ceratophyllaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants including one living genus commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant family in the order Ceratophyllales. Species are commonly called coontails or hornworts, although hornwort is also used for unrelated plants of the division Anthocerotophyta.
Victoria cruziana is a tropical species of flowering plant, of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies native to South America, primarily Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina and Paraguay.
Nuphar is a genus of aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae, with a temperate to subarctic Northern Hemisphere distribution. Common names include water-lily, pond-lily, alligator-bonnet or bonnet lily, and spatterdock.
The Cabombaceae are a family of aquatic, herbaceous flowering plants. A common name for its species is water shield. The family is recognised as distinct in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV system (2016). The family consists of two genera of aquatic plants, Brasenia and Cabomba, totalling six species.
Bromelioideae is a subfamily of the bromeliads (Bromeliaceae). This subfamily is the most diverse in the family, represented by the greatest number of genera with about 40. Most of the plants in this group are epiphytes, though some have evolved in, or will adapt to, terrestrial conditions. This subfamily features the most plant types which are commonly cultivated by people, including the pineapple.
Callopsis is a monotypic genus from the plant family Araceae and has only one species, Callopsis volkensii. This plant forms a creeping rhizome and has cordate-ovate leaves that are medium green and glabrous. The inflorescence is typical of the family Araceae, with a white spathe and yellow spadix. The spadix is shorter than the spathe and its male and female flowers are separated shortly.
Limeum is a genus of flowering plants. It includes 25 species.
Nymphaea glandulifera is a species of waterlily native to tropical America.
Barclaya longifolia is a species of perennial aquatic plant native to the region of Indo-China to Northwest Peninsular Malaysia.
Barclaya motleyi is a species of perennial aquatic plant native to the region spanning from Thailand to Western Malesia, and New Guinea.
Barclaya panchorensis is a species of perennial aquatic plant endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.
Barclaya rotundifolia is a species of perennial aquatic plant native peninsular Malaysia, and Borneo.
Barclaya rugosa is a species of perennial aquatic plant endemic to peninsular Malaysia.
Barclaya wellyi is a species of perennial aquatic plant native to Sumatra, Indonesia.
Barclaya hirta is a species of aquatic plant native to Sumatra, Indonesia. It is disputed. By some, it is treated as synonym of Barclaya motleyi, but by others it is regarded as a separate species.
Barclaya kunstleri is a species of aquatic plant native to Peninsular Malaysia, and Singapore. It is disputed. By some, it is treated as synonym of Barclaya motleyi, but by others it is regarded as a separate species.