Bentham & Hooker system

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Frontispiece of 1862 edition of Genera plantarum Generaplantarum04hookgoog 0005.jpg
Frontispiece of 1862 edition of Genera plantarum

A taxonomic system for seed plants was published in Bentham and Hooker's Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita in three volumes between 1862 and 1883. [1] [2]

Contents

George Bentham (1800–1884) and Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911) were British botanists who were closely affiliated to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in England. Their system of botanical taxonomy was based on the principle of natural affinities and is considered as pre-Darwinian as it does not take evolution into account. The Genera plantarum classified an estimated 97,205 species into 202 families and 7,569 genera. [1]

Summary

The system recognises the following main groups:

Families and orders in the Bentham & Hooker system

Note that this system was published well before there were internationally accepted rules for botanical nomenclature. It indicates a family by "ordo"; an order is indicated by "cohors" (in the first two volumes) or "series" (in the third volume); in the first two volumes “series” refers to a rank above that of order. Terminations for families are not what they are now. Neither of these phenomena is a problem from a nomenclatural perspective: the ICBN provides for this

Dicotyledonae

Dicotyledonae

Gymnosperms

1> Gnetaceae 2> Coniferae 3> Cycadaceae

Monocotyledons

Monocotyledons

Series I. Microspermæ p. 448

  • CLXVII. HYDROCHARIDEÆp. 448
    CLXVIII. BURMANNIACEÆ
    CLXIX. ORCHIDEÆ p. 460

Series II Epigynæ p. 636

  • CLXX. SCITAMINEÆ p. 636 [3]
    CLXXI. BROMELIACEÆ p. 657
    CLXXII. HAEMODORACEÆ p. 671
    CLXXIII. IIRIDEÆ p. 681 3 tribes
    CLXXIV. AMARYLLIDEÆ p. 711 5 tribes
    I Tribus Hypoxideae p. 716
    II Tribus Amarylleae p. 718 3 subtribes
    III Tribus Alstroemerieae p. 735
    IV Tribus Agaveae p. 737
    V Tribus Vellosieae p. 739
    CLXXV. TACCACEÆ p. 740
    CLXXVI. DIOSCOREACEÆ p. 741

Series III Coronarieæ p. 746

  • CLXXVII. ROXBURGHIACEÆ p. 746
    CLXXVIII. LILIACEÆ p. 748 (20 tribes) Schema 748–763
    Tribus I Smilaceae p. 763
    Tribus II Asparageae p. 764
    Tribus III Luzuriageae
    Tribus IV Polygonateae p. 768
    Tribus V Convallariae
    Tribus VI Aspidistreae
    Tribus VII Hemerocalleae
    Tribus VIII Aloineae
  • ...
    Tribus X Asphodeleae p. 781 5 subtribes
    Tribus XI Johnsonieae p. 795
    Tribus XII Allieae p. 798 Schema p. 750 4 subtribes
    Subtribus I Agapantheae p. 798
    Subtribus II Euallieae p. 798
    Subtribus III Gilliesieae p. 804
    Subtribus IV Massonieae p. 806
    Tribus XIII Scilleae p. 807
    Tribus XIV Tulipeae p. 816
    Tribus XV Colchiceae
  • ...
    Tribus XX Veratreae p. 834
    CLXXIX. PONTEDERIACEÆ p. 836
    CLXXX. PHILYDRACEÆ p. 840
    CLXXXI. XYRIDEÆ p. 841
    CLXXXII. MAYACEÆ p. 843
    CLXXXIII. COMMELINACEÆ p. 844
    CLXXXIV. RAPATEACEÆ p. 857

Series VI Calycineæ p. 860

  • CLXXXV. FLAGELLARIEÆ
    CLXXXVI. JUNCACEÆ
    CLXXXVII. PALMÆ

Series V. Nudifloreæ p. 949

  • CLXXXVIII. PANDANEÆ
    CLXXXIX. CYCLANTHACEÆ
    CXC TYPHACEÆ
    CXCI. AROIDEÆ
    CXCII. LEMNACEÆ p. 1000

Series VI. Apocarpæ p.1001

  • CXCIII. TRIURIDEÆ
    CXCIV. ALISMACEÆ p. 1003
    CXCV. NAIADACEÆ [sic]

Series VII. Glumaceæ p. 1019

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Singh 2010 , Bentham & Hooker pp. 308–312
  2. ↑ Bentham & Hooker 1862–1883.
  3. ↑ Bentham & Hooker 1862–1883 , Scitamineae pp. 636–657

Bibliography

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