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The Bollandist Society are an association of scholars, philologists, and historians who since the early seventeenth century have studied hagiography and the cult of the saints in Christianity. Their most important publication has been the Acta Sanctorum. They are named after the Flemish Jesuit Jean Bollandus (1596–1665).
Theodore Metochites was a Byzantine Greek statesman, author, gentleman philosopher, and patron of the arts. From c. 1305 to 1328 he held the position of personal adviser (mesazōn) to emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos.
In the Islamic and Christian traditions, the Seven Sleepers, otherwise known as Aṣḥāb al-kahf, Sleepers of Ephesus and Companions of the Cave, is a medieval legend about a group of youths who hid inside a cave outside the city of Ephesus around AD 250 to escape one of the Roman persecutions of Christians and emerged some 300 years later. Another version of the story appears in the Quran (18:9–26). It was also translated into Persian, Kyrgyz, and Tatar.
Acta Sanctorum is an encyclopedic text in 68 folio volumes of documents examining the lives of Christian saints, in essence a critical hagiography, organised by the saints' feast days. The project was conceived and begun by the Jesuit Heribert Rosweyde. After his death in 1629, the Jesuit scholar Jean Bolland continued the work, which was gradually finished over the centuries by the Bollandists, who continue to edit and publish the Acta Sanctorum.
Louis Marie Olivier Duchesne was a French priest, philologist, teacher and a critical historian of Christianity and Roman Catholic liturgy and institutions.
Saint Juliana of Nicomedia is said to have suffered Christian martyrdom during the Diocletianic persecution in 304. She was popular in the Middle Ages, especially in the Netherlands, as the patron saint of sickness.
Hippolyte Delehaye, S.J., was a Belgian Jesuit who was a hagiographical scholar and an outstanding member of the Society of Bollandists.
Saint Joseph the Hymnographer was a Greek monk of the ninth century. He is one of the greatest liturgical poets and hymnographers of the Eastern Orthodox Church. He is also known for his confession of the Orthodox Faith in opposition to Iconoclasm.
The Martyrology of Tallaght, which is closely related to the Félire Óengusso or Martyrology of Óengus the Culdee, is an eighth- or ninth-century martyrology, a list of saints and their feast days assembled by Máel Ruain and/or Óengus the Culdee at Tallaght Monastery, near Dublin. The Martyrology of Tallaght is in prose and contains two sections for each day of the year, one general and one for Irish saints. It also has a prologue and an epilogue.
Pádraig Ó Riain is an Irish Celticist and prominent hagiologist focusing on Irish hagiography, martyrdom, mythology, onomastics and codicology.
The Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina (BHL) is a catalogue of Latin hagiographic materials, including ancient literary works on the saints' lives, the translations of their relics, and their miracles, arranged alphabetically by saint. The listings include manuscripts, incipits, and printed editions. The first edition (1898-1901) and supplement (1911) were edited by the Bollandists, which included the Jesuit scholar Hippolyte Delehaye. The most recent supplement is the product of a single editor, the Polish Jesuit Henryk Fros, also Bollandist.
The Bibliotheca Hagiographica Orientalis is a catalogue of Arabic, Coptic, Syriac, Armenian, and Ethiopian hagiographic materials, including ancient literary works on the saints' lives, the translations of their relics, and their miracles, arranged alphabetically by saint. It is usually abbreviated as BHO in scholarly literature. The listings include MSS, incipits, and printed editions. The BHO along with the Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca and Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina are the most useful tools in the research of literary documents concerning the saints.
The Acts of Timothy are a work of New Testament apocrypha, most likely from the 5th century, which are primarily concerned with portraying the apostle Timothy as the first bishop of Ephesus and describing his death during a violent pagan festival in the same town.
Margrétar saga is an Old Norse-Icelandic saints' saga that tells the story of St Margaret of Antioch. There are three versions of the saga based on at least two translations, and it is extant in more medieval and post-reformation copies than any other saint's legend. Its popularity appears in part to be due to the text's use in childbirth contexts, which was a uniquely Icelandic development of a popular European tradition. The date of the legend's first translation into Old-Norse Icelandic is unknown, but based on the dating of its earliest manuscripts it is taken to have occurred some time before 1300.
Katrínar saga is an Old Norse-Icelandic saints' saga that tells the story of St Catherine of Alexandria. It survives in four manuscripts from the 14th to 15th centuries, but is only extant in full in Stock. Perg. fol. 2.
Cecilíu saga is an Old Norse-Icelandic saints' saga that recounts the legend of St Cecilia. It is preserved in three manuscripts, but is only complete in Kirkjubæjarbók. The version of the saga preserved in Stock. Perg. fol no. 2 includes two Icelandic miracles of St Cecilia. These are notable for being one of the very few examples of miracles performed by non-native saints, and as an example of early hagiographic composition in Iceland rather than translations from Latin exemplars. Cormack notes that while these miracles may be late compositions, "they give the impression of being genuine records of an early cultus".
Codex Scardensis or Skarðsbók postulasagna is a large Icelandic manuscript containing Old Norse-Icelandic sagas of the apostles. It is, along with Flateyjarbók, one of the largest 14th century manuscripts produced in Iceland. The manuscript was written in c.1360 at the house of canons regular at Helgafell for Ormr Snorrason. From 1401 to 1807 it was housed at the church in Skarð. From 1827 until 1890 it was considered lost, with its printed edition being based on copies made in the 18th century. The manuscript returned to Iceland in 1965 after being purchased at Sotheby's in London by a consortium of Icelandic banks.
Léon Nicolas Marie Joseph Halkin (1872–1955) was a Belgian historian and classicist who spent much of his life as a professor at the University of Liège.
The Life and Miracles of Saint Thecla is an anonymous Greek hagiography of Thecla, the reputed follower of Paul of Tarsus, written between 468 and 476. It consists of two books, the first a biography and the second an account of 46 posthumous miracles wrought by Thecla. The Life is an expansion of the earlier Greek Acts of Thecla. The full Life and Miracles is about ten times longer than the Acts.
References
- ↑ See for example, Mulder-Bakker, Anneke B., ed. (2004). The Invention of Saintliness. Routledge Studies in Medieval Religion and Culture. Taylor & Francis. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-203-16600-0.
- ↑ Hackel, Sergei (2001). The Byzantine Saint. St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-88141-202-4.
