The station opened for traffic on the GPK&A in August 1840; and for traffic on the GP&G in March 1841. It was sited in Laurieston on the south side of the River Clyde, but was close to the centre of Glasgow.[1]
The opening of the Glasgow, Paisley and Greenock Railway took away a lot of the river traffic from Glasgow; instead the steam boats terminated at Greenock and the railway was used between Greenock and Glasgow. The railway journey was 1 hour against 2.5 to 3.5 hours for river traffic. Similarly the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway provided a quicker journey to the coast than the river journey.[3]
Some 21,890 people used the service during Glasgow Fair week in July 1841.[3]
It remained the Clyde services terminus of both the Caledonian Railway and the Glasgow & South Western Railway for nearly thirty years. Both railway companies wanted to cross the Clyde but were precluded from doing so by Glasgow Corporation, the Clyde Navigation Trustees, the Bridge Trustees; and finally by the Admiralty, who insisted on bridges with at least one lifting section.
The Caledonian Railway's main line from London, via Carstairs, which opened to Edinburgh on 15 February 1848 and to Glasgow on 1 November 1849 remained on the north-side of the Clyde, at Buchanan Street, eventually moving to Glasgow Central station (see below).
Diversion of G&SWR services
The Glasgow & South Western Railway (G&SWR) achieved the first river crossing, by means of the City of Glasgow Union Railway. The line left the Joint Railway near Shields Road (now Shields Junction) and continued through the Gorbals. It crossed the River Clyde at Hutchesontown to their new St Enoch railway station. The line and station opened on 1 May 1876; construction of the line having taken 11 years.[4]
In 1883, St Enoch railway station became the headquarters of the Glasgow & South Western Railway, and all services were diverted to St Enoch.
Refurbishment by the Caledonian Railway
The Caledonian Railway eventually built their new terminal station, Glasgow Central station, which opened in 1879 on the north-side of the River Clyde. Access to Glasgow Central station was gained via a four-track railway bridge, built by Sir William Arrol parallel to Glasgow Bridge. Central station initially had eight platforms.
Bridge Street station was also refurbished in 1879, along with a new station further south at Eglinton Street.[5] Two new through platforms on the east side provided access to Glasgow Central station.[6] Bridge Street however remained the terminus, for the time being, for the Glasgow, Paisley and Greenock Railway; which had two dedicated bay platforms on the west side.[6] The other two bay platforms on the west side were for G&SWR use.[6]
Closures
Between 1901 and 1905 Glasgow Central Station was refurbished and extended over the top of Argyle Street; and thirteen platforms were built. An additional eight-track bridge was built over the River Clyde; and the original four-track bridge was raised by 30 inches (0.76 m).[4] Bridge Street station then closed as a terminal station and the platforms were removed. The area previously occupied by the four bay platforms was used as carriage sidings for Glasgow Central Station; and the area previously occupied by the through platforms was used as running lines to Central Station. The remaining Caledonian Railway Clyde Coast services were extended to Glasgow Central station and the remaining G&SWR services diverted to St Enoch station.
A new signalling scheme for Glasgow Central in the 1900s led to the construction of a new power operated signal box. It was cantilevered off the eight-track bridge; sitting suspended between the two river bridges.[7] Signal installation commenced in October 1907; the west side was commissioned on 5 April 1908 and the remainder on 3 May 1908.[7]
Architecture
The architect of the original two-storey station building, which opened in 1841, was James Collie.[2] The booking hall, which fronted Bridge Street, had an elaborate Doric portico flanked by two projecting end pavilions.[2] There was additional access directly to the station platforms from the side entrance facing the quayside at Clyde Place. The upper floors of the adjacent building at the corner of Bridge Street and Clyde Place housed the Bridge Street Station Hotel.
After the opening of the new station, the booking hall was converted for use as offices. The portico was removed c.1950 and the remainder of the buildings were demolished in 1971. The site of the first Bridge Street Station was never redeveloped after the demolition of the station buildings and is now landscaped.
The second Bridge Street Station was situated between Kingston Street and Nelson Street. The design and construction of the new station was carried out by the Caledonian Railway Company Architects and Engineers Department in 1889–1890,[8] under the supervision of engineer, George Graham.
The main block, fronting Bridge Street, was designed by James Miller[9] in early French Renaissance style. The massive four-storey and attic building was built with cream sandstone. There was an arched entrance to a central booking hall at street level and additional entrances leading directly to the platforms at each end of the building, at 40 and 52 Bridge Street. These side entrances are still in use as access to apartments following the redevelopment of the upper levels of the block for residential use in 1994. The station buildings are now protected as a category B listed building.[10]
References
Notes
1 2 Paton, John (2006). Design Worthy of the City. Chapter 4, In: Cameron (2006).
Lewin, Henry Grote (1925). Early British Railways. A short history of their origin & development 1801-1844. London: The Locomotive Publishing Co Ltd. OCLC11064369.
Robertson, C. J. A. (1983). The Origins of the Scottish Railway System: 1722-1844 (1sted.). Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers Ltd. ISBN0-8597-6088-X.
Thomas, John (1971). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain. Vol.VI Scotland: The Lowlands and the Borders (1sted.). Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles. ISBN0-7153-5408-6. OCLC16198685.
Thomas, John; Paterson, RevA.J.S. (1984). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain. Vol.VI Scotland: The Lowlands and the Borders (2nded.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. ISBN0-9465-3712-7. OCLC12521072.
Whishaw, Francis (1969) [1840]. The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland practically described and illustrated (3rded.). Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN0-7153-4786-1.
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