Casualties of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

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Casualties of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between ethnic Armenian and Azerbaijani armed forces have been high, [1] officially in the hundreds and possibly in the low thousands. [2] However, it was noted that the sides downplay the number of their own casualties and exaggerate the numbers of enemy casualties and injuries. [3] Military analysts believe that an accurate assessment of the combat losses of the sides cannot currently be made. [3] According to Russian president Vladimir Putin, almost 5,000 people were killed by 22 October, with more than 2,000 from each side. [4]

Contents

The total number of reported civilian casualties on both sides is at least 103. Civilian areas, including major cities, have been hit, particularly Ganja, Barda and Stepanakert, with many buildings and homes destroyed. [5] [6]

Military casualties

Armenian

As of 29 October, the Armenian side reported the deaths of 1,166 servicemen since the start of the conflict. [7] The prevalent age of Armenian casualties is estimated to be approximately 20 years old. [1]

On 28 September, Azerbaijani sources reported that Major General Arakel Martikyan, Chief of the Intelligence Department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Armenia, had died in an explosion on the Line of Contact. [8] [9] By 30 September the Azerbaijani authorities claimed more than 700 Armenian servicemen were killed or wounded. [10] On 17 October, Azerbaijan reported the killing of the chief of Armenian combat engineering service, Colonel Ashot Gazaryan. [11] At least five more Armenian colonels were reported to have been killed: Karen Babayan, artillery chief of the 18th Motorized Infantry Division, [12] Vahagn Asatryan, [13] Sergey Shakaryan, chief of staff of the 18th Motorized Infantry Division, [14] Artur Sargsyan, deputy commander of the 1st Regiment of the Combined Arms Army, [15] and Viktor Arustamyan, deputy commander of the 1st Combined Arms Army. [16]

Armenian sources also reported the deaths of several sportspeople in the military: Gor Sargsyan, a member of Armenian judo youth team, [17] Albert Dadoyan, a European powerlifting champion, [18] Tatul Harutyunyan, the champion of Armenia in powerlifting, [19] Erik Saryan, player of FC Lokomotiv Yerevan, [20] and Liparit Dashtoyan, a former player of FC Alashkert-2. [21]

Azerbaijani

Since the beginning of the clashes the government of Azerbaijan has not disclosed the number of its military casualties. [22] This was the first time Azerbaijan does not provide data on combat casualties, whereas during the Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1992–1994 and in the April 2016 clashes, the Azerbaijani army reported this information. [3] On 6 October, the Azerbaijani Defense Ministry denied an Armenian Defense Ministry claim of 200 deaths [23] [24] after the alleged defeat of an Azerbaijani unit. [25]

On 28 October, the Armenian Karabakh Records website has provided the names and ranks of 1,119 Azerbaijani servicemen that according to them were killed. [26] By 1 November, the Armenian side claimed 6,997 Azerbaijani soldiers were killed. [27]

Similar to the Armenian side, Azerbaijani sources also reported the deaths of athletes serving in the military: Arif Qeybiyev, a three-time champion of Azerbaijan in cross country running, [28] and Mukhtar Qasimli, the champion of Azerbaijan in bodybuilding. [29] On 22 October, the National Hero of Azerbaijan and veteran of the 2016 clashes, Colonel Shukur Hamidov, was killed. [30]

On 25 October, the death of an ethnic Russian, Dmitry Solntsev, was reported. [31] On 27 October, the first woman military casualty was reported, a combat medic who died while taking wounded soldiers from the battlefield. [32]

Syrian mercenaries

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported the deaths of 217 [33] Syrian fighters or mercenaries fighting for Azerbaijan, including Adel al-Shahir [34] a veteran commander of the Turkish-backed Al-Hamzah Division, whose death was reported by Sayf Balud. [35]

Civilian casualties

Armenian

According to Armenian sources, on 27 September, two civilians were killed by Azerbaijani shelling in Martuni Province, with [36] approximately a dozen injured in Stepanakert; [37] the Azerbaijani Defense Ministry denied these claims. [38] On 10 October, Armenian media reported the killing of two civilians in Hadrut, a mother and his son with a disability, according to Armenia the killing would have been carried out by Azerbaijani infiltrators. [39] [40] By 1 November, Armenian authorities reported 49 Armenian civilians were killed in the conflict. [41] However, a doctor in the city of Stepanakert reported that up to 300 to 400 Armenian civilians had been killed in the war as of 25 October. [42]

Armenian sources also indicated the clashes have displaced approximately half of Nagorno-Karabakh's population or approximately 70,000 people. [43] Six journalists have been injured. [44]

Azerbaijani

Rescue teams at a site hit by a missile attack in Ganja on 17 October Rescue teams work at a site hit by a rocket during fighting over the breakaway region of Nagorno-Karabakh, in the city of Ganja, Azerbaijan, early Oct. 17, 2020.png
Rescue teams at a site hit by a missile attack in Ganja on 17 October

According to Azerbaijani sources, the Armenian military has targeted densely populated areas containing civilian structures. [45] In the ballistic missile attacks on Ganja at least 24 people were killed in total. On 23 October, the Prosecutor General's Office of Azerbaijan stated that from the start of the conflict on 27 September to 23 October, a total of 63 Azerbaijani civilians were killed and 298 were injured. [46]

On 28 October, following the Barda missile attacks that killed around 26 civilians, the number of Azerbaijani civilians killed reached 91 and with 322 injured. [47]

Third parties

On 1 October, two French journalists from Le Monde covering the clashes in the city of Martuni, were injured by Azerbaijani fire. [48] A week later, three Russian journalists reporting in Shusha were seriously injured by an Azerbaijani attack. [49] [50] 13-year-old Russian citizen Artur Mayakov died of wounds received during the ballistic missile attacks on Ganja on 17 October. [51]

Equipment losses

Armenian

From the start of the conflict on 27 September to 17 October the Azerbaijani MoD reported the destruction of up to 100 Armenian tanks and other armored vehicles, up to 100 artillery pieces, multiple launch rocket systems and mortars, up to 150 vehicles, up to 60 air defense means, 11 command-control and command-observation posts, eight ammunition depots and one S-300 missile system. [52] On 29 September Azerbaijan separately reported the destruction of a BM-27 Uragan rocket launcher. [53]

On 2 October, the Azerbaijani Center for Economic Reforms Analysis and Communication estimated Armenian losses at US$1.2 billion. [54]

On 9 October Azerbaijan reported that from the previous day until then 13 Armenian T-72 tanks, two IFVs, four BM-21 Grad launchers, two 2S3 Akatsiya self-propelled guns, three D-30 howitzers and two radar systems were destroyed. [55]

On 11 October Azerbaijani media reported the destruction of five T-72 tanks, six D-20 and D-30 howitzers, five trucks with ammunition, 11 other vehicles, three BM-21 Grad, five 2S1 Gvozdika self-propelled howitzers and eight air defense systems. [56] On the same day it was reported that an Azerbaijani TB2 drone destroyed one Armenian Nebo-M radar station, having fired a MAM-L missile. [57]

On 14 October Azerbaijani media reported the destruction of five T-72 tanks, three BM-21 Grad rocket launchers, one 9K33 Osa missile system, one BMP-2 vehicle, one KS-19 air defense gun, two D-30 howitzers and several military automobiles. [58] On the same day the Azerbaijani MoD claimed the destruction of three R-17 Elbrus tactical ballistic missile launchers that had been targeting Ganja and Mingachevir. [59]

On 17 October Azerbaijan claimed the further destruction of one Sukhoi Su-25 aircraft, [60] seven T-72 tanks, [61] one S-300 missile system, [62] one S-125 missile system, [63] two BM-21 Grad rocket launchers, [61] eight D-30 and one D-20 howitzer, 10 trucks with ammunition and 7 vehicles. [61]

On 18 October Azerbaijan reported the destruction of another Sukhoi Su-25 aircraft [64] and, separately, three Tor M2KM missile systems by a precise MAM-L missile strike. [65]

On 19 October, the Azerbaijani MoD reported the destruction of two more T-72 tanks, two BM-21 Grad launchers, one D-30 howitzer, one D-20 howitzer and 11 automobile vehicles. [66]

On 20 October, Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev released a detailed list of destroyed and captured Armenian equipment, according to Azerbaijan. The destroyed equipment included 241 tanks, 50 IFVs, six drones, three Tor units, one TOS-1 unit, four S-300 missile systems, 70 BM-21 Grad units, about forty 9K33 Osa units, five 2K12 Kub and 2K11 Krug units, two BM-27 Uragan units, 198 trucks, 17 self-propelled artillery units, 53 anti-tank weapons, 198 guns, 58 mortars and eight electronic warfare units. [67] The captured trophies included 39 tanks, 24 IFVs, 12 mortars, 25 grenade launchers and 102 cargo vehicles. [67] The captured tanks have been reused against Armenian forces themselves. [67]

On 21 October three more Armenian drones were reportedly destroyed by the Azerbaijani air defense forces. [68]

On 29 October, two more Armenian Su-25 were destroyed, according to Azerbaijani Defense Ministry. [69]

Azerbaijani

Armenian and Artsakh authorities initially claimed the downing of four Azerbaijani helicopters and the destruction of ten tanks and IFVs, as well as 15 drones. [70] Later the numbers were revised to 34 tanks and armored personnel vehicles destroyed, two armored combat engineering vehicles destroyed and four helicopters and 27 unmanned aerial vehicles downed all within the first day of hostilities. [71] Footage was released showing the destruction or damage of five Azerbaijani tanks. [72]

Over the course of 2 October, the Artsakh Defence Army claimed the destruction of 39 Azerbaijani military vehicles, including a T-90 tank; four Sukhoi Su-25 aircraft; three Mi-24 attack helicopters; and 17 drones. Until 19 October, 100 Azerbaijani tanks are said to have been destroyed or captured. [73]

As of 1 November, the Armenian government-operated Armenian Unified InfoCenter claimed that Armenian forces have destroyed 241 drones, 16 attack helicopters, 25 warplanes, 669 armored vehicles, six TOS systems, [27] four BM-30 Smerch launchers and one Uragan launcher. [74]

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Republic of Artsakh Disputed territory in the South Caucasus

Artsakh, officially the Republic of Artsakh or the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, is a breakaway state in the South Caucasus that is internationally recognized as a part of Azerbaijan. Artsakh controls most of the territory of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast along with territory from surrounding districts, having borders with Armenia to the west and Iran to the south. Its capital is Stepanakert.

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The Nagorno-Karabakh War, referred to in Armenia as the Artsakh Liberation War, was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place from the late 1980s to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan. As the war progressed, Armenia and Azerbaijan, both former Soviet Republics, entangled themselves in protracted, undeclared mountain warfare in the mountainous heights of Karabakh as Azerbaijan attempted to curb the secessionist movement in Nagorno-Karabakh. The enclave's parliament had voted in favor of uniting itself with Armenia and a referendum, boycotted by the Azerbaijani population of Nagorno-Karabakh, was held, whereby most of the voters voted in favor of independence. The demand to unify with Armenia began in a relatively peaceful manner in 1988; in the following months, as the Soviet Union disintegrated, it gradually grew into an increasingly violent conflict between Armenians and Azerbaijanis, resulting in ethnic cleansing, with Sumgait pogrom (1988), Baku pogrom (1990) and Khojaly Massacre (1992) being notable examples. Inter-ethnic clashes between the two broke out shortly after the parliament of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) in Azerbaijan voted to unify the region with Armenia on 20 February 1988. The declaration of secession from Azerbaijan was the final result of a territorial conflict regarding the land. As Azerbaijan declared its independence from the Soviet Union and removed the powers held by the enclave's government, the Armenian majority voted to secede from Azerbaijan and in the process proclaimed the unrecognized Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh.

Artsakh Defence Army

The Artsakh Defence Army is the formal defence force of the largely unrecognized Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh). Established in 1992, it united previously disorganized self-defence units which were formed in the early 1990s with the avowed goal of protecting the ethnic Armenian population of Artsakh from the attacks by the Soviet and Azerbaijani armed forces. The Artsakh Defence Army is currently composed of around 20,000 well-trained and equipped officers and soldiers and maintains a "constant state of readiness, undergoing more serious combat training and operational exercises than any other former Soviet army.".

Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is an ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited mostly by ethnic Armenians, and seven surrounding districts, inhabited mostly by Azerbaijanis until their expulsion during the Nagorno-Karabakh War, which are de facto controlled by the self-declared Republic of Artsakh, but are internationally recognized as de jure part of Azerbaijan. The conflict has its origins in the early 20th century, though the present conflict began in 1988, when the Karabakh Armenians demanded that Karabakh be transferred from Soviet Azerbaijan to Soviet Armenia. The conflict escalated into a full-scale war in the early 1990s.

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2020 Ganja ballistic missile attacks Attacks on Ganja, Azerbaijan in October 2020

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2020 bombardment of Stepanakert

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Battle of Hadrut Battle in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war

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2020 shelling of Ghazanchetsots Cathedral

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Aras Valley campaign Campaing in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war

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The Barda ballistic missile attacks was a series of two air attacks on the city of Barda in Azerbaijan during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. Both attacks involved BM-30 Smerch missiles and resulted in 26 civilian deaths, making it the deadliest attack throughout the 2020 war.

References

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    Karabakh Records updated the toll to 1,119 on 28 October 2020.1 2 3
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    Azerbaijani targeting of civilians has claimed lives of 31 in Artsakh
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  67. 1 2 3 "Президент Ильхам Алиев об уничтоженной и взятой в качестве военных трофеев технике ВС Армении" (in Russian). Trend News Agency. 20 October 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  68. ↑ "Ermənistana məxsus daha 3 PUA məhv edilib" (in Azerbaijani). Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan. 21 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  69. ↑ "The two Su-25 attack aircraft of Armenia were shot down". Ministry of Defense of Azerbaijan. 29 October 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  70. ↑ "Ոչնչացվել են հակառակորդի 4 ուղղաթիռ, շուրջ 15 ԱԹՍ, 10 տանկ և հետևակի մարտական մեքենա. ԼՂ ՊՆ". «Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» ռադիոկայան. Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2020-10-11.
  71. ↑ "Armenia military top brass hold tactical consultation". 28 September 2020. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
  72. ↑ "Tanks Ablaze As Azerbaijani Forces Attack Armenian Troops In Disputed Nagorno-Karabakh". Forbes.com. 27 September 2020. Archived from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  73. ↑ "Իրավիճակի ամփոփում ժ. 18։00 դրությամբ. 02.10.2020թ" [Situation summary h. As of 18:00. 02.10.2020]. razm.info (in Armenian). 2 October 2020. Archived from the original on 7 October 2020. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  74. ↑ "Armenian Unified Infocenter: Azerbaijan army has 75 more casualties". News.am. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
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