Cattleya violacea

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Cattleya violacea
Cattleya violacea 3.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Cattleya
Subgenus: Cattleya subg. Intermediae
Species:
C. violacea
Binomial name
Cattleya violacea
(Kunth) Rolfe
Synonyms
  • Cymbidium violaceum Kunth
  • Epidendrum violaceum (Kunth) Rchb.f.
  • Cattleya schomburgkii Lodd. ex Lindl.
  • Cattleya superba M.R. Schomb. ex Lindl.
  • Cattleya odoratissima P.N. Don
  • Epidendrum superbum (M.R. Schomb. ex Lindl.) Rchb.f.
  • Cattleya superba var. splendens Lem.
  • Cattleya superba var. alba Rolfe
  • Cattleya superba var. wellsiana auct.
  • Cattleya superba var. ashworthii auct.
  • Cattleya violacea var. huebneri Schltr.
  • Cattleya violacea var. alba (Rolfe) Fowlie
  • Cattleya violacea var. splendens (Lem.) Fowlie
  • Cattleya violacea var. ashworthii (auct.) Braem
  • Cattleya violacea var. wellsiana (auct.) Braem
  • Cattleya violacea f. alba (Rolfe) Christenson

Cattleya violacea is a species of orchid native to the lowland rainforests of the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, being the most widespread of all Cattleya species in the wild. [1] C. Violacea has been found throughout northern South America. [2] Orchids of this species grow on trees along rivers, as they require heat and moisture year round. [1] [3]

Contents

Seed Characteristics

Seed Coat: Cattleya Violacea seeds have a reticulate seed coat, characterized by a network-like pattern. [4] The seed has a micropylar end (opened end) and a chalazal end (closed end). [5]

Germination and Growth Process

The germination process likely involves the absorption of water through the micropyle, triggering the initiation of growth. [5] It has elongated pseudobulbs that become grooved as they mature, covered at the base by papery sheaths that disappear over time. During late spring and early summer, it produces fragrant flowers on a tall, reddish stem with a few to several blooms. The flowers open flat and last a long time, emerging from a newly formed pseudobulb. [2]

Growth Conditions

Cattleya Violacea primarily grows in the overstory, a study in southern Venezuela found it to be the 3rd most abundant plant in the forest overstory. [6] Cattleya violacea has also observed as an epiphytic orchid associated with small trees in the forest surrounding a rocky hill. [7]

Sucrose Concentration: Studies have shown that sucrose concentration significantly affects Cattleya violacea growth. [5]

Ideal Environment: Soil with 20-30 grams of sucrose is considered the ideal environment for Cattleya seeds to grow. [5]

Effects of Sucrose: Absence of sucrose or excessively high concentrations can be detrimental to plant growth. [5]

Optimal Concentration: The concentration of 27 g L-1 of sucrose has been found to provide the highest in vitro growth, enabling efficient mass propagation. [5]

Genetic Diversity Study

A study in the Amazonian Jungle analyzed the genetic diversity of orchid species, including Cattleya Violacea found no clear correlation between supposed origin and flower color. [4]

Presence in Cartagena del Chaira

Geographic Location: Cattleya violacea has been found in Cartagena del Chaira, a municipality in the department of Caquetá, Colombia. [8]

Introduction Hypothesis: There are doubts about the natural distribution of these species in La Laguna del Chaira. It is suspected that they were introduced during a massive effort to bring orchids to the area in the 1980s. [8]

Colored Illustration of a Cattleya Violacea The Orchid Album-01-0101-0033.png
Colored Illustration of a Cattleya Violacea

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orchid</span> Family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales

Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae, a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Orchids are cosmopolitan plants that are found in almost every habitat on Earth except glaciers. The world's richest diversity of orchid genera and species is found in the tropics.

<i>Bulbophyllum</i> Genus of orchids

Bulbophyllum is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids in the family Orchidaceae. It is the largest genus in the orchid family and one of the largest genera of flowering plants with more than 2,000 species, exceeded in number only by Astragalus. These orchids are found in diverse habitats throughout most of the warmer parts of the world including Africa, southern Asia, Latin America, the West Indies, and various islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Orchids in this genus have thread-like or fibrous roots that creep over the surface of trees or rocks or hang from branches. The stem is divided into a rhizome and a pseudobulb, a feature that distinguished this genus from Dendrobium. There is usually only a single leaf at the top of the pseudobulb and from one to many flowers are arranged along an unbranched flowering stem that arises from the base of the pseudobulb. Several attempts have been made to separate Bulbophyllum into smaller genera, but most have not been accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.

<i>Cymbidium</i> Genus of flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae

Cymbidium, commonly known as boat orchids, is a genus of evergreen flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic, lithophytic, terrestrial or rarely leafless saprophytic herbs usually with pseudobulbs. There are usually between three and twelve leaves arranged in two ranks on each pseudobulb or shoot and lasting for several years. From one to a large number of flowers are arranged on an unbranched flowering stem arising from the base of the pseudobulb. The sepals and petals are all free from and similar to each other. The labellum is significantly different from the other petals and the sepals and has three lobes. There are about fifty-five species and sixteen further natural hybrids occurring in the wild from tropical and subtropical Asia to Australia. Cymbidiums are well known in horticulture and many cultivars have been developed. The genome of Cymbidium mannii has been sequenced to study epiphytism and crassulacean acid metabolism.

<i>Cattleya</i> Genus of orchids

Cattleya is a genus of orchids from Costa Rica south to Argentina. The genus is abbreviated C in trade journals.

<i>Laelia</i> Genus of orchids

Laelia is a small genus of 25 species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). Laelia species are found in areas of subtropical or temperate climate in Central and South America, but mostly in Mexico. Laelia is abbreviated L. in the horticultural trade.

<i>Epidendrum</i> Genus of orchids

Epidendrum, abbreviated Epi in the horticultural trade, is a large neotropical genus of the orchid family. With more than 1,500 species, some authors describe it as a mega-genus. The genus name refers to its epiphytic growth habit.

<i>Encyclia</i> Genus of orchids

Encyclia is a genus of orchids. The genus name comes from Greek enkykleomai, referring to the lateral lobes of the lip which encircle the column. It is abbreviated as E. in the horticultural trade.

<i>Pseudolaelia</i> Genus of orchids

Pseudolaelia is a small genus belonging to the orchid family (Orchidaceae), the entire genus endemic to Brazil. The abbreviation used in the horticultural trade is Pdla.

<i>Epipactis atrorubens</i> Species of orchid

Epipactis atrorubens, the dark-red helleborine or royal helleborine, is an herbaceous plant in the orchid family, Orchidaceae.

<i>Cattleya trianae</i> Species of orchid

Cattleya trianae, also known as Flor de Mayo or "Christmas orchid", is a plant of the family Orchidaceae. It grows as an epiphytic orchid, with succulent leaves, endemic to Colombia where it was nominated as the national flower in November 1936. That year, the National Academy of History of Argentina asked the Latin American countries to participate in an exhibition with the representative flowers of each country. The Colombian government gave the botanist Emilio Robledo the task to designate the most representative flowering plant of the country.

<i>Rhynchostylis</i> Genus of orchids

Rhynchostylis is a genus in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), closely allied to the genus Vanda and comprising four currently accepted species native to the Indian Subcontinent, China, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines.

<i>Bifrenaria</i> Genus of orchids

Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plants in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.

<i>Cattleya aclandiae</i> Species of orchid

Cattleya aclandiae, or Lady Ackland's cattleya, is a species of orchid from the genus Cattleya, named in honor of Lady Lydia Elizabeth Ackland, wife of Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, 10th Baronet who was the first European to grow the plant successfully. The illustration of the plant which accompanied its first description was based on a drawing by Lady Ackland. The genus was named in honour of William Cattley, a prominent British merchant and horticulturist.

<i>Cattleya maxima</i> Species of plant

Cattleya maxima is a species of orchid in subfamily Epidendroideae found from Ecuador to Peru.

<i>Cattleya walkeriana</i> Species of orchid

Cattleya walkeriana, or Walker's cattleya, is a species of orchid. It differs from most species of Cattleya by having inflorescences which arise from the rhizome instead of from the apex of the pseudobulb. In its native habitat it grows as either an epiphyte or a lithophyte, sometimes in full sun, at elevations up to 2000 meters. Pseudobulbs are relatively short, bulbous or fusiform, with one or two ovate leaves at the apex. Inflorescence is one- or few-flowered, about 8" (20 cm) tall. Flowers are 4-5" (9-12 cm) across.

<i>Cattleya warscewiczii</i> Species of orchid

Cattleya warscewiczii, a labiate Cattleya, is a species of orchid.

<i>Isabelia</i> Genus of orchids

Isabelia is an orchid genus formed by three tiny species and one natural hybrid, spread from the Northeast of Brazil to Argentina, which are closely related to the genus Constantia. During more than a century Isabelia was a genus formed by just one species, however, around 1968, it was merged with genus Neolauchea, also unispecific. In 2001, a third genus was added to it, Sophronitella. The genus name is abbreviated Isa. in cultivation.

<i>Cattleya cernua</i> Species of orchid

Cattleya cernua, commonly known as the nodding sophronitis, is a species of orchid occurring from Brazil to northeastern Argentina. It was the type species of the genus Sophronitis until the genus was made synonymous with Cattleya. Twenty plants of C. cernua have received a total of 22 AOS awards. The described flowers range from 1.9 cm to 3.2 cm horizontal spread and from 2.0 cm to 3.0 cm vertical spread.

<i>Cattleya rex</i> Species of plant

Cattleya rex is a species of epiphytic orchid of showy white flowers, native to montane forests in Peru and Bolivia.

<i>Broughtonia sanguinea</i> Species of orchid

Broughtonia sanguinea, also known as blood red broughtonia is a plant in the genus Broughtonia, a member of the family Orchidaceae. It was named in 1813 by its first describer, Robert Brown, for 18th century English botanist Arthur Broughton.

References

  1. 1 2 Withner, C. (1988). The Cattleyas and Their Relatives. Vol. 1: The Cattleyas. Timber Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN   9780881920994.
  2. 1 2 "Orchid Species: Cattleya violacea". www.orchids.org. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  3. "Cattleya violacea - Cattleya Source". cattleya.wikidot.com. Retrieved 2018-05-16.
  4. 1 2 Do Rego, E., Do Rego, M., & De Campos, B. (2009). Genetic variability in Cattleya violacea (Orchidaceae) in the Amazonian region. Acta Horticulturae, 813, 413-420.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Galdiano Júnior, R. F., Mantovani, C., Cassano, A. O., & Lemos, E. G. D. M. (2013). Initial development and in vitro growth of Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe in different sucrose concentrations. Acta Amazonica, 43, 127-134.
  6. Carlsen, Monica (2000). "Structure and Diversity of the Vascular Epiphyte Community in the Overstory of a Tropical Rain Forest in Surumoni, Amazonas State, Venezuela". Selbyana. 21 (1/2): 7–10. ISSN   0361-185X.
  7. de Freitas Luz, F. J., de Oliveira, J. M. F., & da Silva, G. D. F. N. (2016). Orchid diversity at a residual plateau on Caroebe, Roraima. Ornamental Horticulture, 22(3), 272-276.
  8. 1 2 Arias, T., Chaux-Varela, J., del Pilar Camero, M., Calderón-Álvarez, R. A., Trujillo, A. C., Correa-Munera, M. A., ... & Valencia-D, J. (2023). Checklist of Orchidaceae from Caquetá, Colombia. ARPHA Preprints, 4, e102798.