Ceanothus arboreus

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Ceanothus arboreus
Ceanothus arboreus, Californischer Flieder.JPG
Status TNC G3.svg
Vulnerable  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rhamnaceae
Genus: Ceanothus
Species:
C. arboreus
Binomial name
Ceanothus arboreus
Ceanothus arboreus range map 2.png
Natural range of Ceanothus arboreus

Ceanothus arboreus is a species of perennial shrub to small tree in the family Rhamnaceae, commonly known as the feltleaf ceanothus, island ceanothus, and island mountain lilac. [3] [4] It is the largest member of the California lilacs (the Ceanothus genus), and is characterized with glossy, dark green foliage that is adorned by pale blue to white flowers in bloom. It is endemic to the Channel Islands of California and Guadalupe Island in Mexico, [5] only being re-discovered on Guadalupe Island after the elimination of feral goats. [6]

Contents

Description

Ceanothus arboreus is a spreading bush growing up to 12–36 feet (3.7–11.0 m) in height. [7] It has large, glossy, dark green leaves which are leathery or felt-like on their undersides. [7]

Its showy bright blue flowers grow in plentiful panicles, or bunches, of tiny five-lobed blossoms. [7] Some varieties and cultivars have light, powder purple blooms, and others bear darker purple flowers. The bloom period is February to April. [3]

The fruits are three-lobed, triangular capsules. [7]

Distribution

The plant is endemic to three of the Channel Islands of California: Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island, and Santa Catalina Island, [3] [7] and it is also found on Guadalupe Island in Mexico. [5]

It is found on slopes in coastal sage scrub and chaparral habitats. [3]

J20160218-0104--Ceanothus arboreus--RPBG (25237823956).jpg

Cultivation

'Ceanothus arboreus is cultivated as an ornamental plant for use in drought tolerant and wildlife gardens and natural landscaping projects. [8] [9] Butterflies like the flowers and the quail eat the seeds. [8]

Cultivars

Numerous cultivars have been selected for garden use, including:

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Ceanothus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Ceanothus is a genus of about 50–60 species of nitrogen-fixing shrubs and small trees in the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae). Common names for members of this genus are buckbrush, California lilac, soap bush, or just ceanothus. "Ceanothus" comes from Ancient Greek: κεάνωθος (keanōthos), which was applied by Theophrastus to an Old World plant believed to be Cirsium arvense.

<i>Coreopsis gigantea</i> Species of flowering plant

Coreopsis gigantea, known by the common name giant coreopsis, is a woody perennial plant native to coastal regions of central and southern California and also to northern Baja California.

<i>Salvia spathacea</i> Species of flowering plant

Salvia spathacea, the California hummingbird sage or pitcher sage, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to southern and central California growing from sea level to 610 m (2,001 ft). This fruity scented sage blooms in March to May with typically dark rose-lilac colored flowers. It is cultivated in gardens for its attractive flowering spikes and pleasant scent.

<i>Fremontodendron californicum</i> Species of shrub

Fremontodendron californicum, with the common names California flannelbush, California fremontia, and flannel bush, is a flowering shrub native to diverse habitats in southwestern North America.

<i>Frangula californica</i> Species of tree

Frangula californica is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family native to western North America. It produces edible fruits and seeds. It is commonly known as California coffeeberry and California buckthorn.

<i>Baccharis pilularis</i> Species of shrub

Baccharis pilularis, called coyote brush, chaparral broom, and bush baccharis, is a shrub in the family Asteraceae native to California, Oregon, Washington, and Baja California. There are reports of isolated populations in New Mexico, most likely introduced.

<i>Solanum xanti</i> Species of plant

Solanum xanti, known commonly as chaparral nightshade, purple nightshade, and San Diego nightshade, is a member of the genus Solanum. It is native to the Western United States in Arizona, California, Nevada, and Oregon, and to northwest Mexico in Baja California.

<i>Ceanothus thyrsiflorus</i> Species of evergreen shrub

Ceanothus thyrsiflorus, known as blueblossom or blue blossom ceanothus, is an evergreen shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae that is endemic to Oregon and California in the US. The term 'Californian lilac' is also applied to this and other varieties of ceanothus, though it is not closely related to Syringa, the true lilac.

<i>Ceanothus griseus</i> Species of flowering plant

Ceanothus griseus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common names Carmel ceanothus and Carmel creeper. 'Carmel' refers to the Carmel-by-the-Sea region in California.

<i>Ceanothus cyaneus</i> Species of flowering plant

Ceanothus cyaneus is a species of flowering shrub in the genus Ceanothus known commonly as the San Diego buckbrush and Lakeside ceanothus. This species is found in the Peninsular Ranges of San Diego County, California, and known from one occurrence in Baja California. It is characterized by brilliant blue flowers, glossy green foliage, and is regarded as one of the most beautiful members of the genus.

<i>Dudleya edulis</i> Species of succulent

Dudleya edulis is a species of perennial succulent plant known by the common names fingertips, lady fingers, mission lettuce and the San Diego dudleya. The common name denotes the finger-like shape of the leaves, while the specific epithet edulis refers to the use of the young scapes as food by the Kumeyaay. It is native to Southern California and northern Baja California, and grows on rocky hillsides, cliffs, and bare rock.

<i>Eriogonum arborescens</i> Species of wild buckwheat

Eriogonum arborescens is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Santa Cruz Island buckwheat.

<i>Eriogonum cinereum</i> Species of wild buckwheat

Eriogonum cinereum is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names coastal buckwheat and ashyleaf buckwheat.

<i>Eriogonum giganteum</i> Species of wild buckwheat

Eriogonum giganteum, with the common name St. Catherine's lace, is a species of wild buckwheat in Southern California.

<i>Festuca californica</i> Species of grass

Festuca californica is a species of grass known by the common name California fescue.

<i>Heuchera maxima</i> Species of flowering plant

Heuchera maxima is a species of flowering plant in the saxifrage family, known by the common names island alum root, Channel Islands coral bells, and Jill of the rocks.

<i>Cercocarpus betuloides</i> Species of tree

Cercocarpus betuloides is a shrub or small tree in the rose family. Its common names include mountain mahogany and birch leaf mountain mahogany The common name "mahogany" comes from the hardness and color of the wood, although the genus is not a true mahogany.

<i>Arctostaphylos montaraensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Arctostaphylos montaraensis, known by the common name Montara manzanita, is a species of manzanita in the family Ericaceae.

<i>Ceanothus pauciflorus</i> Species of flowering plant

Ceanothus pauciflorus, known by the common name Mojave ceanothus, is a species of flowering shrub in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It is native to the Southwestern United States and Mexico, where it grows primarily in shrubland communities at moderate to high elevations. It is characterized by oppositely arranged leaves, corky stipules and white flowers. It was formerly known as Ceanothus greggii.

<i>Penstemon heterophyllus</i> Species of flowering plant

Penstemon heterophyllus is a species of penstemon known by the common names bunchleaf penstemon, foothill penstemon, and foothill beardtongue. It is endemic to California.

References

  1. "NatureServe Explorer". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2022.
  2. C. arboreus was first described and published in Bulletin of the California Academy of Sciences, 2(6): 144. 1886. "Plant Name Details for Ceanothus arboreus". IPNI . Retrieved August 22, 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Calflora: Ceanothus arboreus
  4. GRIN-Global Web v 1.9.6.2: taxonomy of Ceanothus arboreus
  5. 1 2 Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 241.
  6. Luna-Mendoza, Luciana; Aguirre-Muñoz, Alfonso; Hernández-Montoya, J.C.; Torres-Aguilar, Marisol; García-Carreón, Jacinto; Hernandez, Orlando; Luvianos-Colin, Sergio; Cárdenas, Ana; Méndez Sánchez, Federico (2019). "Ten years after feral goat eradication: the active restoration of plant communities on Guadalupe Island, Mexico". Occasional Paper SSC. 62: 571–575.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Jepson eFlora: Ceanothus arboreus
  8. 1 2 Las Pilitas Nursery Horticultural Database: Ceanothus arboreus (Tree Lilac, Island Mt. Lilac)
  9. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Native Plant Information Network−NPIN: Ceanothus arboreus (Feltleaf ceanothus, Island ceanothus, Island mountain lilac)
  10. Buena Nursery native plants database: Ceanothus arboreus 'Cliff Schmidt'
  11. Las Pilitas Nursery Horticultural Database: Southern California Lilacs, Ceanothus spp. and cultivars.
  12. San Marcos Growers Horticulture Database: Ceanothus arboreus 'Powder Blue'
  13. The Santa Barbara Botanic Garden.org: Ceanothus 'Powder Blue' with images.
  14. Yerba Buena Nursery native plants database: Ceanothus arboreus 'Powder Blue'
  15. Yerba Buena Nursery native plants database: Ceanothus arboreus 'Trewithen Blue'
  16. "RHS Plant Selector - Ceanothus arboreus 'Trewithen Blue'" . Retrieved 15 April 2020.