Lolly bush | |
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At Mount Archer National Park, Queensland | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Lamiales |
Family: | Lamiaceae |
Genus: | Clerodendrum |
Species: | C. floribundum |
Binomial name | |
Clerodendrum floribundum | |
Synonyms [3] | |
Siphonanthus floribundus |
Clerodendrum floribundum, known as the lolly bush or smooth clerodendrum, is a shrub or tree found in Australia and New Guinea. Its habitat is in or at the margins of coastal rainforests, up to 300 metres above sea level. In Western Australia it grows in drier areas, such as rocky sites, gorges, cliffs, floodplains and creek beds. [4]
The leaves may be drawn into a blunt tip, a prickle or a sharp tip. They are variable in shape, usually 4 to 15 cm long, and 2 to 6 cm wide. The young leaves are not as hairy as those of the related downy chance (Clerodendrum tomentosum). The generic term Clerodendrum is from the Greek, meaning 'lottery tree'. The term 'lottery' refers to an unsure possibility of a medicinal value from plants of this genus. The specific epithet floribundum refers to the abundance of flowers in showy heads. The fruit is a black drupe, growing on an enlarged red fleshy calyx. It appears glossy and succulent, giving rise to the common name 'lolly bush'.[ citation needed ]
Although usually a small tree, it has been recorded at 30 metres tall with a stem diameter of 30 cm at Booyong Flora Reserve, in northern New South Wales. [5] White fragrant flowers form in cymes between September and December.[ citation needed ]
This species was first described in 1810 by the prolific Scottish botanist Robert Brown in his book Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae . Brown added the abbreviation "v.v." after the description, which stands for the Latin vide viva (seen alive), signifying that his description was based on material he collected himself. [6] : 511
Six varieties have been named in various publications, [2] as follows:
Of these, as of June 2024 [update] , only the first, second and last are recognised in the Australian Plant Census, [7] [8] [9] only C. f. ovatum is recognised by Plants of the World Online, [3] all are disputed in Queensland Herbarium's Wildnet database, [10] the first, second, third and last are recognised by the Northern Territory Herbarium, [11] and the first, third and last are accepted by the Western Australian Herbarium. [12] It appears that no authority accepts the variety C. f. medium.
There is some debate whether this plant is found in rainforests of the Illawarra. A.G.Floyd says it is found as far south as Batemans Bay and growing north to Cape York at the northernmost point of the continent, and then west through the Northern Territory and Western Australia. [13] However, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney say records in the far southeast may not be accurate. [14]
The leaves are host to the caterpillar of the fiery jewel butterfly.[ citation needed ]
Regeneration is from fresh seeds or cuttings. It is an easy plant to grow, although it requires plenty of water.[ citation needed ]
Canarium australianum, commonly known as scrub turpentine, is a species of tree in the family Burseraceae native to Australia and Papua New Guinea. Other common names include mango bark, carrot wood, parsnip wood, Melville Island white beech and brown cudgerie.
Murraya paniculata, commonly known as orange jasmine, orange jessamine, china box or mock orange, is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Rutaceae and is native to South Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia. It has smooth bark, pinnate leaves with up to seven egg-shaped to elliptical leaflets, fragrant white or cream-coloured flowers and oval, orange-red berries containing hairy seeds.
Euroschinus falcatus is a large tree in the mango and cashew family Anacardiaceae, found along almost the entire east coast of Australia from Cape York Peninsula to Jervis Bay. Common names include blush cudgerie and maiden's blush.
Plantago debilis is a species of herb native to Australia. Common names include shade plantain and weak plantain.
Melicope elleryana, commonly known as pink flowered doughwood, pink evodia, corkwood, or saruwa, is a species of rainforest shrub or tree in the family Rutaceae, and is native to New Guinea, parts of eastern Indonesia, the Solomon Islands and northern Australia. It has trifoliate leaves and pink to white, bisexual flowers arranged in panicles in leaf axils.
Guioa semiglauca, known as the guioa or wild quince, is a rainforest tree of eastern Australia It grows from Kioloa near Batemans Bay in southern New South Wales to Eungella National Park in tropical Queensland. It grows in many different types of rainforest, particularly common in regenerating areas and on sand in littoral rainforest.
Dendrobium bigibbum, commonly known as the Cooktown orchid or mauve butterfly orchid, is an epiphytic or lithophytic orchid in the family Orchidaceae. It has cylindrical pseudobulbs, each with between three and five green or purplish leaves and arching flowering stems with up to twenty, usually lilac-purple flowers. It occurs in tropical North Queensland, Australia and New Guinea.
Phaleria clerodendron, commonly known as scented daphne, scented phaleria or rosy apple, is an evergreen tree or tall shrub in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is endemic to the rainforests of north-eastern Queensland, Australia.
Clerodendrum tomentosum, known as the downy chance, hairy lolly bush, hairy clairy or hairy clerodendrum is a shrub or small tree occurring in eastern and northern Australia. It is distributed from Batemans Bay in southern coastal New South Wales, to Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia, and New Guinea.
Lomatia arborescens, commonly known as smooth lomatia or tree lomatia, is a shrub or small tree that grows at high altitudes, in and near rainforests. It is found north from the Barrington Tops area in eastern Australia.
Ehretia saligna, commonly known as peach bush, native willow and peachwood is a species of shrubs or small trees, endemic to Northern Australia. The natural range extends from the Gascoyne, across the Northern Territory throughout northern Queensland and coastal; regions of Southern Queensland and New South Wales.
Nothorites is a monotypic genus in the macadamia family Proteaceae. The sole species, Nothorites megacarpus, is endemic to the wet tropics rain forests of northeastern Queensland, Australia.
Canarium acutifolium is a species of plant in the family Burseraceae, native to eastern Malesia, Papuasia and Queensland.
Syzygium angophoroides, commonly known as bark in wood, Yarrabah satinash, or swamp satinash, is a tree of the family Myrtaceae native to Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland in Australia, which grows to a height of 6 to 35 m. It blooms between July and November producing cream flowers, followed by small fruits about 9 mm long by 13 mm wide, which turn dark purple or blackish when ripe.
Syzygium forte, commonly known as flaky-barked satinash, white apple or brown satinash, is a tree in the family Myrtaceae native to New Guinea and northern Australia.
Palaquium galactoxylum, commonly known as Cairns pencil cedar, Daintree maple or red silkwood, is a species of plants in the star apple family Sapotaceae which is endemic to rainforests of New Guinea and northern Australia. It can produce spectacularly large buttress roots.
Melicope rubra, commonly known as the little evodia, is a species of small tree in the citrus family Rutaceae, native to New Guinea and northeast Queensland. It was originally described as Euodia rubra in 1900. It has trifoliate leaves and pink bisexual flowers arranged on branches below the leaves.
Irvingbaileya is a monotypic genus—that is, a genus that contains just one species—of flowering plants in the family Stemonuraceae. The sole species is Irvingbaileya australis, commonly known as buff beech or wax berry, a rainforest tree endemic to Queensland, Australia.
Myristica insipida, commonly known in Australia as Australian nutmeg, Queensland nutmeg or native nutmeg, is a small rainforest tree in the family Myristicaceae native to parts of Malesia, Papuasia and Australia. It is closely related to the commercially-important species of nutmeg, M. fragrans.
Cupaniopsis flagelliformis, commonly known as brown tuckeroo or weeping flower tamarind, is a tree in the lychee and maple family Sapindaceae endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small tree that inhabits drier or seasonal rainforests.