Clinton River (Michigan)

Last updated
Clinton River
Clinton River.jpg
The Clinton River in Macomb County
Clinton River Michigan map.png
A map of the Clinton River and its watershed
Location
Country United States
State Michigan
Counties Oakland, Macomb
Physical characteristics
Mouth  
  location
Lake St. Clair
  coordinates
42°35′24.76″N82°49′17.17″W / 42.5902111°N 82.8214361°W / 42.5902111; -82.8214361
Length83 miles (134 km)
Basin size760 square miles (2,000 km2)
Discharge 
  locationmouth
  average698.66 cu ft/s (19.784 m3/s) (estimate) [1]
Basin features
Progression Lake St. ClairDetroit RiverLake ErieNiagara RiverLake OntarioSt. Lawrence RiverGulf of St. Lawrence / Atlantic Ocean
Tributaries 
  leftGalloway Creek, Paint Creek, Stony Creek, North Branch Clinton River,
  rightRed Run
Waterbodies Lake Orion

The Clinton River is a river in southeastern Michigan in the United States. It is named in honor of DeWitt Clinton, who was governor of New York from 1817 to 1823.

The main branch of the river rises from wetlands and coldwater tributaries from within Independence, Brandon and Springfield townships in Oakland County. [2] A series of dams create a number of small lakes west of Pontiac, the last of which is Crystal Lake. The river is piped under downtown Pontiac, re-emerging to the east of downtown. The north branch and the middle branch rise in northern Macomb County and join the main branch in Clinton Township (which was named after the river in 1824). The main branch flows 83.0 miles (133.6 km) [3] from its headwaters to Lake St. Clair in Harrison Township.

The Clinton River watershed drains 760 square miles (2,000 km2), including most of Macomb County, a large portion of Oakland County, as well as small portions of Lapeer and St. Clair counties. More than 1.4 million people in over 60 municipalities live in the watershed. For the most part, only the waters located downstream of the city of Mount Clemens are navigable by water vessels.

Under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement in 1972, along with 42 other areas, the lower segment of the river was designated as an Area of Concern, based on the heavy presence of pollutant contamination. In 1995, the designation was expanded to include the entire watershed of the river and the lower nearshore of Lake St. Clair.

The Clinton-Kalamazoo Canal was a failed attempt to build a waterway connecting Lake St. Clair with Lake Michigan. It was originally planned to stretch 216 miles, but was abandoned after only 13 miles had been completed. [4]

Clinton River at Rochester Hills Clinton River 1.jpg
Clinton River at Rochester Hills

The French explorers of the late 17th century knew the river as the Nottawasippee, an Ojibwe term that means "like rattlesnakes." This was also the name given to the Huron people by the region's Anishinaabe (Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi) inhabitants. [5]

British fur traders referred to it as the Huron River of St. Clair. It was referred to as "the River Huron" in the 1784 home eulogy of the area's first American settler, William Tucker, who built his home along the river about 3 miles (5 km) upstream from its mouth.

It received its current name on July 17, 1824. The Michigan Territorial Council made the change in order to end the confusion between this river and the Huron River of Lake Erie, which also rises in Oakland County's Springfield Township. [6]

The Huron-Clinton Metroparks system preserves land in the watershed as public parks; Wolcott Mill Metropark is on the north branch of the river.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oakland County, Michigan</span> County in Michigan, United States

Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. The county seat is Pontiac. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan, and the largest county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macomb County, Michigan</span> County in Michigan, United States

Macomb County is a county located in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Michigan, bordering Lake St. Clair, and is part of northern Metro Detroit. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 881,217, making it the third-most populous county in the state. The county seat is Mt. Clemens. Macomb County is part of the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city of Detroit is located south of the county's southern border. Macomb County contains 27 cities, townships and villages, including three of the top ten most-populous municipalities in Michigan as of the 2010 census: Warren (#3), Sterling Heights (#4) and Clinton Township (#10). Most of this population is concentrated south of Hall Road (M-59), one of the county's main thoroughfares.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Springfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan</span> Charter township in Michigan, United States

Springfield Charter Township is a charter township of Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the township population was 13,940. The township was named for the numerous springs in the area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Clair River</span> River in North America

The St. Clair River is a 40.5-mile-long (65.2 km) river in central North America which flows from Lake Huron into Lake St. Clair, forming part of the international boundary between Canada and the United States and between the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. state of Michigan. The river is a significant component in the Great Lakes Waterway, whose shipping channels permit cargo vessels to travel between the upper and lower Great Lakes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clinton–Kalamazoo Canal</span> United States historic place

The Clinton–Kalamazoo Canal is a canal in Michigan that was abandoned after being only partially completed. The canal was to connect Lake St. Clair with Lake Michigan. Project backers were inspired by the success of the Erie Canal in New York, which was completed in 1825. After gaining statehood in 1837, Michigan elected its first governor, Stevens Thomson Mason, who initiated an ambitious program of internal improvements, including three railroads and two canals. On March 21, 1837, the Legislature authorized Governor Mason to contract a loan for the construction of the canal from Mt. Clemens to Rochester, a railroad from Shelby to Detroit, a railroad from Detroit across the State and a railroad from Port Huron into the interior, to be known as the Port Huron & Grand River road. In the spring of 1838, a Board of Commissioners composed of seven men, was appointed to take charge of the canal work.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake St. Clair</span> Lake bordering Ontario, Canada and Michigan, US

Lake St. Clair is a freshwater lake that lies between the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. state of Michigan. It was named in 1679 by French Catholic explorers after Saint Clare of Assisi, on whose feast day they first saw the lake.

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The Huron River is a 130-mile-long (210 km) river in southeastern Michigan, rising out of the Huron Swamp in Springfield Township in northern Oakland County and flowing into Lake Erie, as it forms the boundary between present-day Wayne and Monroe counties. Thirteen parks, game areas, and recreation areas are associated with the river, which passes through the cities of Dexter, Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Belleville, Flat Rock and Rockwood that were developed along its banks.

The Thumb is a region and a peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan, so named because the Lower Peninsula is shaped like a mitten. The Thumb area is generally considered to be in the Central Michigan region, east of the Tri-Cities and north of Metro Detroit. The region is also branded as the Blue Water Area.

Lake St. Clair Metropark/Metro Beach Metropark is a 770-acre unit of the Huron-Clinton Metroparks system located roughly 20 miles (32 km) northeast of downtown Detroit, Michigan in Harrison Township, Macomb County. Lake St. Clair Metropark has been in existence since 1950 and has seen many changes since then. Originally named St. Clair Metropolitan Beach, it was renamed in 1953 to Metropolitan Beach Metropark and later shortened to Metro Beach Metropark. On December 8, 2011, the Board of Commissioners for the Huron-Clinton Metroparks approved changing the name to Lake St. Clair Metropark. The park is located at Jefferson Avenue and Metropolitan Parkway and there are signs to Lake St. Clair Metropark on Interstate 94 (I-94).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Huron–Clinton Metroparks</span> A regional park system around Detroit, Michigan

The Huron–Clinton Metroparks system is a regional park system in Metro Detroit in the U.S. state of Michigan. The park system includes 13 parks totaling more than 24,000 acres (97 km2) arranged along the Huron River and Clinton River forming a partial ring around the metro area. Plans are in development to finish the ring by building hike/bike trails to connect all the parks as a green belt. The parks draw about 7.5 million visitors a year, down from a peak of 10 million in 2009. The park system is primarily tax-funded with a $50 million annual budget. The system provides employment for 200 full-time and part-time employees year-round and 1,000 additional summer workers. The rivers are prime fishing and canoeing streams with Delhi Metropark including a short rapids, which while runnable, is the only point other than dams on either stream normally portaged.

The Belle River is a 73.5-mile-long (118.3 km) river in the U.S. state of Michigan, flowing into the St. Clair River in Marine City at 42°42′25″N82°29′50″W.

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Stony Creek Metropark is a Huron-Clinton Metropark located in southeast Michigan in the outskirts of metro Detroit. The park is predominantly in Washington Township and Oakland Township, with a small portion in Shelby Township. The park covers 4,461 acres (18.05 km2) with Stony Creek Lake at its center.

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The Huron Swamp is a heavily forested wetland located in Springfield Township, in Michigan's Oakland County. It is nine miles northwest of the city of Pontiac. It is part of the local Indian Springs Metropark, which is then a component of the Huron-Clinton Metroparks system. Big Lake is to the northwest.

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References

  1. United States Environmental Protection Agency. "Watershed Report: Clinton River". watersgeo.epa.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-07-03. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  2. "Clinton River Watershed System | Clinton River Watershed Council".
  3. U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map Archived 2016-06-30 at the Wayback Machine , accessed November 7, 2011
  4. "Clinton-Kalamazoo Canal, History, Museum, City Services, City of Rochester Hills". Archived from the original on 2012-02-13. Retrieved 2013-07-14.
  5. Genot Picor-Storyteller
  6. Leeson, Michael A. (2005) [1882]. "Organization". History of Macomb County. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Library. p. 297. Retrieved 2006-10-01.