Colombian presidential election, 1830

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Indirect presidential elections were held in Gran Colombia on 4 May 1830 following the resignation of incumbent President Simón Bolívar. Joaquín Mosquera was elected President, whilst Domingo Caycedo was elected Vice President.

Gran Colombia Former republic

Gran Colombia is a name used today for the state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern Central America from 1819 to 1831. The state included the territories of present-day Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, and parts of northern Peru, western Guyana and northwestern Brazil. The term Gran Colombia is used historiographically to distinguish it from the current Republic of Colombia, which is also the official name of the former state.

Simón Bolívar Venezuelan military and political leader, South American libertador

Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco, generally known as Simón Bolívar and also colloquially as El Libertador, or the Liberator, was a Venezuelan military and political leader who led the secession of what are currently the states of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama from the Spanish Empire.

Joaquín Mosquera Colombian politician

Joaquín Mariano de Mosquera-Figueroa y Arboleda-Salazar was a Colombian statesman and a Founding Father of Colombia who served as the 3rd and 5th President of Gran Colombia. Mosquera also served as Vice President of the Republic of New Granada. During the administration of President Simón Bolívar, he was named as the 1st Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the nascent states of Peru, the United Provinces of South America, and Chile with the purpose of creating unity amongst the South American nations.

Contents

Background

Suffering from ill-health, President Bolívar resigned in January 1830 during a Constitutional Convention. [1] He named Domingo Caycedo as his successor until a Congressional vote in May.

Domingo Caycedo President of Colombia

Domingo de Caycedo y Sanz de Santamaría was a Colombian statesman who served as Vice-president of Gran Colombia and the Republic of New Granada, and due to the absence of the presidents, he himself served as President a total of eleven times, making him the person to have served more times as President of Colombia. He is also credited for creating the Republic of New Granada after the division of Venezuela and Ecuador.

Results

President

CandidateFirst roundSecond roundThird round
Votes%Votes%Votes%
Eusebio Canabal 2654.21735.41429.2
Joaquín Mosquera 1735.42756.33470.8
Domingo Caycedo 510.448.3
Total481004810048100
Source: Historia electoral colombiana [2]

Vice President

CandidateVotes%
Domingo Caycedo 3368.8
Eusebio Canabal 1225.0
José Vallarino 24.2
Vicente Borrero 12.1
Total48100
Source: Historia electoral colombiana [2]

Aftermath

Mosquera and Caycedo were forced out of office on 4 September under pressure from the military. General Rafael Urdaneta was appointed interim president the following day whilst a response from Bolívar on whether he would return to the Presidency was awaited. However, he refused to accept the post, and gave his support to Urdaneta. Bolívar died in December. [1]

Rafael Urdaneta Venezuelan General

Rafael José Urdaneta y Farías was a Venezuelan General and hero of the Spanish American wars of independence. He served as President of Gran Colombia from 1830 until 1831. He was an ardent supporter of Simón Bolívar and one of his most trusted and loyal allies. Urdaneta served as the Minister of Defence whilst Simón Bolívar was President of Gran Colombia.

Following a brief civil war in early 1831, Urdaneta left office and elections were held for a Constituent Assembly. Presidential elections were held the following year. [1]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Elections and Events 1810-1849 The Library, UC San Diego
  2. 1 2 Historia electoral colombiana, La Registraduría, 1991, pp97–98