Elections in Colombia

Last updated

Elections in Colombia are regulated and controlled by the National Electoral Council (CNE) which also provides information on elections and election results.

Contents

At the national level, the President of Colombia is elected as the head of state and the bicameral Congress of Colombia as the legislature every four years. The Congress of Colombia is composed of 162 members of the Chamber of Representatives and 102 members of the Senate. Both are elected by proportional representation.

Colombia historically had a two-party system, dominated by the Colombian Liberal Party and Colombian Conservative Party, in which it could be difficult for third parties to find success. Since the implementation of the 1991 constitution, there has been a proliferation of third parties, which have won most presidential elections in the 21st century.

Colombia's electoral system has a pervasive corruption issue, with electoral fraud, bribery, and other scandals occurring at both the municipal and national levels.

Electoral system

Presidential

Colombian presidents are elected for four-year terms using a two-round system; if no candidate receives a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff is held between the top two candidates. [1] The vice president is elected on the same ticket as the president. Presidents are limited to a single four-year term, and Article 191 of the constitution requires candidates to be Colombian by birth and at least thirty years old. In line with the constitution, Colombian citizens by birth or by naturalization, aged eighteen or older have the right to vote. Several scenarios can cause the loss of the right to vote, as outlined in the constitution. Citizens in detention centers can vote from the establishments determined by the National Civil Registry. The civil registry inscription is not automatic, and citizens must go to the regional office of the registry to register. [2] Legislative Act No. 2 of 2015 established that the runner-up in the presidential elections is given a seat in the Senate and their vice president candidate becomes a member of the Chamber of Representatives. [3]

In order to be accepted as a candidate, applicants must either have the backing of a recognized political party in order to run as their official candidate, or to collect a minimum number of signatures in order to run as an independent candidate.[ citation needed ]

Parliamentary

Department level

Schedule

Presidential and parliamentary elections are held every four years in Colombia.

Latest elections

2022 presidential election

CandidateRunning matePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
Gustavo Petro Francia Márquez (SPS) Humane Colombia 8,542,02040.3411,292,75850.42
Rodolfo Hernández Marelen Castillo Independent 5,965,53128.1710,604,65647.35
Federico Gutiérrez Rodrigo Lara Sánchez Creemos Colombia  [ es ]5,069,52623.94
Sergio Fajardo Luis Gilberto Murillo (CR) Independent Social Alliance 885,2914.18
John Milton Rodríguez  [ es ] Sandra de las Lajas Torres  [ es ] Colombia Justa Libres 271,3861.28
Enrique Gómez Martínez  [ es ]Carlos Cuartas National Salvation Movement 48,6430.23
Íngrid Betancourt [a] José Luis Esparza Oxygen Green Party 14,1610.07
Luis Pérez Gutiérrez  [ es ] [a] Ceferino Mosquera Independent 11,5070.05
Blank votes365,7771.73500,0692.23
Total21,173,842100.0022,397,483100.00
Valid votes21,173,84298.7522,397,48398.72
Invalid votes268,4581.25291,5511.28
Total votes21,442,300100.0022,689,034100.00
Registered voters/turnout39,002,23954.9839,002,23958.17
Source: Registraduria (first round), Registraduria (second round),

2022 parliamentary election

Senate

PartyVotes%Seats
Historic Pact for Colombia 2,880,25416.9520
Colombian Conservative Party 2,238,67813.1815
Colombian Liberal Party 2,112,52812.4314
Hope CenterGreen Alliance 1,958,36911.5313
Democratic Center 1,949,90511.4813
Radical Change 1,609,1739.4711
Union Party for the People 1,506,5678.8710
MIRAFair and Free Colombia 584,8063.444
Civic Force 431,1662.540
New Liberalism 368,3452.170
We are Ready Colombia115,1200.680
SOS Colombia56,7670.330
New People Movement37,0630.220
National Salvation Movement 31,2890.180
Commons 25,7080.155
Metapolitical Unitary Movement 12,1650.070
Presidential election runner-up1
Blank votes1,072,4016.31
Total16,990,304100.00106
Valid votes16,990,30493.04
Invalid votes1,270,7206.96
Total votes18,261,024100.00
Registered voters/turnout38,819,90147.04
Indigenous seats
Indigenous and Social Alternative Movement 89,19930.401
Indigenous Authorities of Colombia 63,37321.601
Colombian Indigenous Party28,3129.650
Environmental Mandate14,8255.050
Association of Indigenous Councils for Colombia13,5804.630
Campo Alegre Protection4,7491.620
National Association of Cabildos and Indigenous Authorities in Colombia3,7571.280
Ancestral Socio-Political Organisation2,0520.700
Democracia Desde Abajo La Palma1,5800.540
Blank votes71,97824.53
Total293,405100.002
Valid votes293,40578.09
Invalid/blank votes82,30321.91
Total votes375,708100.00
Source: [4]

Chamber of Representatives

PartyVotes%Seats
Historic Pact for Colombia 2,922,40917.6228
Colombian Liberal Party 2,335,42614.0832
Colombian Conservative Party 2,068,07612.4725
Democratic Center 1,692,49110.2016
Union Party for the People 1,439,5798.6815
Radical Change 1,319,4377.9516
Green Alliance 1,093,8366.5911
Hope Center Coalition 445,5492.692
MIRAFair and Free Colombia 288,6171.741
New Liberalism 282,2711.701
League of Anti-Corruption Governors 172,3421.042
Historic PactGreen Alliance 149,2180.902
Radical ChangeFair and Free ColombiaMIRA 136,6220.821
Colombian Conservative PartyUnion Party for the People 111,4970.671
Colombian Conservative PartyDemocratic Center 99,1380.601
Radical ChangeMIRA 84,7040.511
Civic Force 71,0750.431
Colombian Liberal PartyFair and Free Colombia 68,4680.411
Colombia Renaissance Party 62,4900.381
Alternativos (AVPDA)60,5270.362
Union Party for the PeopleMIRAFair and Free Colombia 60,4120.360
Radical ChangeFair and Free Colombia 58,6740.350
Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation 56,9110.340
Gente en Movimiento 54,9330.331
National Salvation Movement 38,1230.230
Together for Caldas (ASIDNLMIRA)36,4790.221
Radical ChangeCJLMIRAUnion Party for the People 34,7430.210
MIRADemocratic CenterFair and Free Colombia 32,5140.200
AVHope Center Coalition 31,8730.190
Union Party for the PeopleMIRACJLASI 30,0220.180
Colombian Conservative PartyCJLMIRA 29,9470.180
Human Colombia Political Movement 29,8450.180
Colombian Conservative PartyCJLMSN 24,1620.150
Commons 21,4230.135
MIRACJLMSN 18,1650.110
Dignity 16,4310.100
Independent Social Alliance 12,7650.080
MIRADemocratic Center 11,6880.070
Union Party for the PeopleMIRARadical Change 9,5490.060
Union Party for the PeopleFair and Free Colombia 6,6120.041
The Change is Me Digital Movement6,2340.040
Colombian Liberal PartyIndependent Social Alliance 4,0180.020
Force Colombia (Colombia Renaissance PartyASI)2,3710.010
National Salvation MovementFair and Free Colombia 1,8530.010
Indigenous Authorities of Colombia 6290.000
Fair and Free Colombia 410.000
Vice-presidential runner-up1
Blank votes1,053,4806.35
Total16,587,669100.00169
Valid votes16,587,66993.17
Invalid/blank votes1,215,3446.83
Total votes17,803,013100.00
Registered voters/turnout38,819,90145.86
Afro-Colombian seats
Palenque de la Vereda las Trecientas y del Municipio de Galapa66,47414.071
Fernando Ríos Hidalgo40,0498.481
CC de la Comunidad Negra Limones39,9248.450
CC La Toma25,6025.420
CC Manuel Zapata Olivella De San Antero25,3225.360
CC Afrozabaletas20,1894.270
CC de la Costa Pacífica "Concosta"12,6052.670
CC Bocas del Atrato y Leoncito12,3062.600
CC la Voz de Los Negros11,7302.480
CC de Comunidades Negras De Guayabal11,0812.350
Organización Étnica de Comunidades Afros los Palenkes9,2851.970
CC Mayor de Casimiro7,8341.660
CC Mayor de Certegui7,6541.620
CC de Comunidades Negras de Campo Hermoso6,1811.310
Partido Colombia Renaciente6,1521.300
CC Bocas de Taparal5,2701.120
Somos Identidad5,0311.060
Movimiento Alianza Democrática Amplia4,2980.910
CC Integral de Lloró4,2630.900
CC de la Comunidad Negra de Villa Gloria4,0740.860
CC Veredas Unidas un Bien Común4,0560.860
CC Unión Patía Viejo4,0150.85
CC del Río Guajuí3,9630.840
Consejo Comunit Piedras Bachichi Correg Santa Cecilia3,6130.760
Fundación para el Desarrollo Social de Comunidades Negras3,3560.710
Alianza Nacional Afrocolombiana2,9760.630
CC de Comunidades Negras Socolando2,9420.620
CC Rio Curbaradó2,6810.570
Conmoguz2,4560.520
CC de Flamenco - Municipio de María La Baja2,3300.490
Asoc Afrocol Desplazados Mcpio Guacarí Valle del Cauca "ADAG"2,3220.490
CC Alto Paraíso2,2960.490
CC Puerto Girón2,1470.450
CC Arcilla, Cardón y Tuna2,1130.450
Consejo Mayor Condoto Iró1,9230.410
CC de Vuelta Manza1,8600.390
Consejo Comunit Recuerdo de Nuestros Ancestros Rio Mejicano1,8040.380
CC de los Corregimientos de San Antonio y El Castillo Municipio de El Cerrito1,7500.370
CC Rescate Las Varas1,6870.360
CC del Guabal1,6240.340
Corporación Kofi Annan1,5940.340
Corporación De Educadores del Litoral Pacifico Corelipa1,1860.250
Afromutata1,0870.230
Asociación Afrodescendientes de Arboletes9960.210
Coacneja9370.200
Fundación Social Magende Mi6330.130
Odeprivicor5420.110
Comunidad de Negros de Aguas Blancas4040.090
Blank votes87,80918.59
Total472,426100.002
Valid votes472,42683.86
Invalid/blank votes90,91716.14
Total votes563,343100.00
Indigenous seat
Indigenous and Social Alternative Movement 84,63742.261
Indigenous Authorities of Colombia 27,08913.520
Colombian Indigenous Party18,8289.400
National Association of Cabildos and Indigenous Authorities in Colombia7,9573.970
Aywjawashi Indigenous Council7,8703.930
Resguardo Indígena Alta y Media Guajira5,5562.770
Resguardo Indígena Zenú Del Alto San Jorge2,9001.450
Blank votes45,45922.70
Total200,296100.001
Valid votes200,29684.29
Invalid/blank votes37,33815.71
Total votes237,634100.00
Source: [5]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Withdrew before election but appeared on ballot

References

  1. Sonneland, Holly K. (28 June 2017). "Explainer: Colombia's 2018 Elections". AS/COA. Archived from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved 2021-04-28.
  2. Colombia. "¿Cómo funciona el proceso de inscripción de cédulas?". Colombia. Archived from the original on 10 September 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  3. Secretaria General del Senado. "Acto Legislativo número 02 de 2015". Secretariasenado.gov.co (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2021. El candidato que le siga en votos a quien la autoridad electoral declare elegido en el cargo de Presidente y Vicepresidente de la República, Gobernador de Departamento, Alcalde Distrital y Alcalde municipal tendrá el derecho personal a ocupar una curul en el Senado, Cámara de Representantes, Asamblea Departamental, Concejo Distrital y Concejo Municipal, respectivamente, durante el período de la correspondiente corporación.
  4. "ESCRUTINIO NACIONAL CONGRESO 2022". registraduria.gov. 20 July 2022.
  5. "ESCRUTINIO NACIONAL CONGRESO 2022". registraduria.gov. 20 July 2022.