Colombia is a transcontinental country largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru. [1] It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic and Haiti. [2] It is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments.
Colombia is the third most populous country in Latin America. Its major industries include textiles, food processing, petroleum, clothing and footwear, consumer appliances, beverages, chemicals, cement, automobiles, gold, coal, and emeralds
For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations, see "Business entities in Colombia".
This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.
Name | Industry | Sector | Headquarters | Founded | Notes | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acerias Paz del Rio | Industrials | Steel factory | Sogamoso | 1948 | Steel factory | P | A |
AeroAndina | Industrials | Aerospace | Cali | 1971 | Aircraft | P | A |
Aerolínea de Antioquia | Consumer services | Airlines | Medellín | 1987 | Regional airline, defunct 2019 | P | D |
Aerosucre | Industrials | Delivery services | Bogotá | 1969 | Cargo airline | P | A |
AKT motos | Consumer goods | Automobiles | Envigado | 2004 | Motorcycles | P | A |
Alpina Productos Alimenticios | Consumer goods | Food products | Bogotá | 1945 | Dairy, food, beverage | P | A |
Alquería | Consumer goods | Food products | Bogotá | 1958 | Dairy, food, beverage | P | A |
Arcadia | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 2005 | Monthly magazine, Defunct, 2020 | P | D |
Auteco | Consumer goods | Automobiles | Medellín | 1941 | Motor vehicle manufacturer | P | A |
Avianca | Consumer services | Airlines | Bogotá | 1919 | Airline | P | A |
Avianca Cargo | Industrials | Delivery services | Medellín | 1973 | Cargo airline | P | A |
Avianca Holdings | Industrials | Delivery services | Bogotá | 2010 | Airlines, transportation, cargo | P | A |
Banco AV Villas | Financials | Banks | Bogotá | 1972 | Bank, part of Grupo Aval Acciones y Valores | P | A |
Banco de Bogotá | Financials | Banks | Bogotá | 1870 | Commercial bank | P | A |
Banco de Occidente | Financials | Banks | Cali | 1965 | Bank | P | A |
Bancolombia | Financials | Banks | Medellín | 1945 | Commercial bank | P | A |
Bank of the Republic (Colombia) | Financials | Banks | Bogotá | 1880 | The central bank of Colombia | S | A |
Bavaria Brewery | Consumer goods | Brewers | Bogotá | 1889 | Brewery, part of Anheuser-Busch InBev (Belgium) | P | A |
Busscar de Colombia | Consumer goods | Bus | Pereira | 2003 | Buses bodies | P | A |
Cambio | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1993 | Monthly magazine, defunct 2010 | P | D |
Caracol Radio | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Medellín | 1948 | Radio network | P | A |
Caracol Televisión | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Bogotá | 1954 | Broadcaster | P | A |
Carulla | Consumer services | Food retailers & wholesalers | Bogotá | 1905 | Supermarket, part of Grupo Éxito | P | A |
Citytv Bogotá | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Bogotá | 1999 | Television station | P | A |
Claro Colombia | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Bogotá | 1996 | Mobile phones, part of América Móvil (Mexico) | P | A |
Clic Air | Consumer services | Airlines | Bogotá | 2006 | Regional airline | P | A |
Colombia Móvil | Telecommunications | Mobile telecommunications | Bogotá | 2002 | Mobile phones | P | A |
Colombia Stock Exchange | Financials | Investment services | Bogotá | 1928 | Primary stock exchange | P | A |
Colombina | Consumer goods | Food products | Bogotá | 1927 | Candies and cookies | P | A |
Colpatria | Financials | Banks | Bogotá | 1955 | Commercial bank, part of Scotiabank | P | A |
Compañía Colombiana Automotriz | Consumer goods | Automobiles | Bogotá | 1982 | Automotive, defunct 2014 | P | D |
Copa Airlines Colombia | Consumer services | Airlines | Bogotá | 2010 | Airline | P | A |
Corficolombiana | Financials | Specialty finance | Bogotá | 1945 | Financial services, part of Banco de Bogotá | P | A |
COTECMAR | Industrials | Defense | Cartagena | 2000 | Naval shipbuilding, research and defense | S | A |
Crepes & Waffles | Consumer services | Restaurants & bars | Bogotá | 1980 | Restaurant chain | P | A |
Cromos | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1916 | Weekly magazine | P | A |
Davivienda | Financials | Banks | Bogotá | 1972 | Bank | P | A |
Dinero | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1993 | Monthly publication, defunct 2021 | P | D |
Ecopetrol | Oil & gas | Exploration & production | Bogotá | 1921 | Petroleum | P | A |
El Colombiano | Consumer services | Publishing | Medellín | 1912 | Newspaper | P | A |
El Espectador | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1887 | Newspaper | P | A |
El Heraldo | Consumer services | Publishing | Barranquilla | 1933 | Newspaper | P | A |
El Siglo | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1925 | Newspaper | P | A |
El País | Consumer services | Publishing | Cali | 1950 | Newspaper | P | A |
El Tiempo | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1911 | Newspaper | P | A |
El Universal | Consumer services | Publishing | Cartagena | 1948 | Newspaper | P | A |
Emcali | Utilities | Water | Cali | 1931 | State-owned utility | S | A |
Empresas Públicas de Medellín | Utilities | Multiutilities | Medellín | 1955 | Electricity, gas, water, sanitation, and telecommunications. | S | A |
ETB | Telecommunications | Fixed line telecommunications | Bogotá | 1884 | Telecommunications | P | A |
Fox Telecolombia | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Bogotá | 1995 | Television productions | P | A |
Frisby | Consumer services | Restaurants & bars | Pereira | 1983 | Restaurant chain | P | A |
FSS | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Bogotá | 1987 | Sports apparel | P | A |
GM Colmotores | Consumer goods | Automobiles | Bogotá | 1956 | Significant General Motors (USA) subsidiary, defunct 2024 | P | D |
Grupo Argos | Industrials | Building materials & fixtures | Medellín | 1936 | Cement | P | A |
Grupo Aval Acciones y Valores | Conglomerates | Holding | Medellín | 1936 | Banking, telecom, real estate | P | A |
Grupo Editorial Norma | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá [3] | 1960 | Book publisher | P | A |
Grupo Éxito | Consumer services | Broadline retailers | Medellín | 1949 | Retail stores | P | A |
Grupo Nutresa | Consumer goods | Food products | Medellín | 1920 | Confectionery | P | A |
Grupo Sura | Conglomerates | Holding | Medellín | 1945 | financial and insurance | P | A |
HACEB | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Medellín | 1940 | Industrial equipment | P | A |
Hamburguesas El Corral | Consumer services | Restaurants & bars | Bogotá | 1983 | Fast food | P | A |
Helados La Fresita | Consumer goods | Food products | Medellín | 1986 | Frozen foods | P | A |
Indumil | Industrials | Defense | Bogotá | 1954 | Military weapons manufacturer | S | A |
InterBolsa | Financials | Investment services | Bogotá | 1990 | Financial services, defunct 2012 | P | D |
Interconexión Eléctrica | Utilities | Multiutilities | Medellín | 1967 | Electricity | S | A |
Jeno's Pizza | Consumer services | Restaurants & bars | Bogotá | 1973 | Pizza chain, now part of Telepizza (Spain) | P | A |
Jet-Set | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1998 | Magazine, defunct 2020 | P | D |
JGB | Consumer services | Chemical products | Cali | 1875 | Pharmaceutical and hygiene | P | A |
Juan Valdez Café | Consumer services | Restaurants & bars | Bogotá | 2002 | Coffee house | P | A |
LATAM Cargo Colombia | Industrials | Delivery services | Bogotá | 2009 | Cargo airline, part of LATAM Airlines Group (Chile) | P | A |
Líneas Aéreas Suramericanas | Industrials | Delivery services | Bogotá | 1972 | Cargo airline | P | A |
Manuelita | Consumer goods | Farming & fishing | Cali | 1864 | Agriculture | P | A |
Maravillas de Colombia S.A. | Consumer goods | Recreational products | Bucaramanga | 1899 | Fireworks | P | A |
Masivo Integrado de Occidente (MIO) | Consumer services | Travel & tourism | Cali | 2009 | Bus transit | P | A |
Medellín Metro | Consumer services | Travel & tourism | Medellín | 1995 | Bus transit | P | A |
Miguel Caballero | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Bogotá | 1992 | Bulletproof clothing | P | A |
National Guarantees Fund | Financials | Banks | Bogotá | 1982 | Commercial lender | P | A |
Noel | Consumer goods | Food products | Medellín | 1916 | Cookies and crackers, part of Grupo Nutresa | P | A |
Odinsa | Industrials | Construction & materials | Bogotá | 1992 | Construction | P | A |
Organización Ardila Lülle | Conglomerates | Holding | Bogotá [4] | 1951 [4] | Communications, beverages, textiles, entertainment | P | A |
Organizacion Corona | Consumer goods | Furnishings | Bogotá | 1881 | Ceramics | P | A |
Occidental Petroleum | Oil & gas | Exploration & production | Bogotá | 1920 | Petroleum | P | A |
Postobón | Consumer goods | Soft drinks | Medellín | 1904 | Beverage | P | A |
Productora de Software | Technology | Software | Medellín | 1984 | Software | P | A |
Productos Ramo | Consumer goods | Food products | Bogotá | 1964 | Snack foods | P | A |
Quala | Consumer goods | Food products | Bogotá | 1980 | Food, beverages, personal care products | P | A |
Rappi | Technology | Software | Bogotá | 2015 | Online food ordering, financial technology and e-commerce application | P | A |
RCN TV | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Bogotá | 1967 | Television network | P | A |
RTI Producciones | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Bogotá | 1963 | Television production | P | A |
Saeta | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Bogotá | 1982 | Textile brand | P | A |
SATENA | Consumer services | Airlines | Bogotá | 1962 | Government airline | S | A |
Semana | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1946 | Weekly magazine | P | A |
Sofasa | Consumer goods | Automobiles | Envigado | 1969 | Automotive | P | A |
SoHo | Consumer services | Publishing | Bogotá | 1999 | Magazine | P | A |
Tecnoquímicas | Consumer services | Chemical products | Cali | 1934 | Pharmaceutical and hygiene | P | A |
Telecaribe | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Barranquilla | 1986 | Regional television network | S | A |
Telefónica Colombia | Telecommunications | Fixed line telecommunications | Bogotá | 1947 | Telecommunications | P | A |
Telepacífico | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Cali | 1986 | Television network | S | A |
Terpel | Oil & gas | Exploration & production | Bogotá | 1968 | Gas/oil | P | A |
TransMilenio | Consumer services | Travel & toruism | Bogotá | 2000 | Public transit | P | A |
Vanguardia Liberal | Consumer services | Publishing | Bucaramanga | 1919 | Newspaper | P | A |
Viva Air Colombia | Consumer services | Airlines | Medellín | 2009 | Airline, defunct 2023 | P | D |
Wingo | Consumer services | Airlines | Bogota | 2016 | Airline | P | A |
Win Sports | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Bogotá | 2012 | Sports network | P | A |
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments. The Capital District of Bogotá is also the country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other major urban areas include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Bucaramanga. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by the African diaspora, as well as with those of the various Indigenous civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is the official language, although Creole, English and 64 other languages are recognized regionally.
The Republic of Colombia is situated largely in the north-west of South America, with some territories falling within the boundaries of Central America. It is bordered to the north-west by Panama; to the east by Brazil and Venezuela; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; and it shares maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti.
Colombia seeks diplomatic and commercial relations with all countries, regardless of their ideologies or political or economic systems. For this reason, the Colombian economy is quite open, relying on international trade and following guidelines given by international law.
Avianca S.A., is the largest airline in Colombia. It has been the flag carrier of Colombia since December 5, 1919, when it was initially registered under the name SCADTA. It is headquartered in Colombia, with its registered office in Barranquilla and its global headquarters in Bogotá and main hub at El Dorado International Airport. Avianca is the flagship of a group of airlines of the Americas, which operates as one airline using a codesharing system. Avianca is the largest airline in Colombia and second largest in South America, after LATAM of Chile. Avianca and its subsidiaries have the most extensive network of destinations in the Americas. Before the merger with TACA in 2010, it was wholly owned by Synergy Group, a South American holding company established by Germán Efromovich and specializing in air transport. It is listed on the Colombia Stock Exchange.
Ecopetrol, formerly known as Empresa Colombiana de Petróleo S.A. is the largest and primary petroleum company in Colombia. As a result of its continuous growth, Ecopetrol forms part of the Fortune Global 500 and was ranked 346. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, Ecopetrol was ranked as the 313th -largest public company in the world. It was ranked 303 in 2012 by CNN Money.
CAF - Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean, formerly the Andean Development Corporation, is a Caracas based development bank whose mission is to promote sustainable development and regional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean, through the financing of projects of the public and private sectors, the provision of technical cooperation and other specialized services.
Grupo Éxito is a South American retail company. It operates 2,606 stores in South America. The stores sell a wide range of food and non food products. Though originally a textiles maker and seller recent acquisitions have further diversified the business making it a major grocer. At its hypermarkets it sells both packaged foods and perishables in addition to department store type products ranging from electronics to furniture.
Visitors to Colombia must obtain a visa from one of the Colombian diplomatic missions or online unless they come from one of the visa-exempt countries.
Bolivia–Colombia relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Bolivia and Colombia. Both countries are members of the Organization of American States and the Andean Community. Bolivia and Colombia signed a treaty of friendship in 1912. The two countries signed a cooperation agreement for the 100th anniversary of the treaty.
Colombia–Turkey relations are foreign relations between Colombia and Turkey. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1959. Turkey has an embassy in Bogotá while Colombia has an embassy in Ankara.
Colombia–Costa Rica relations refer to the international relations that exist between Costa Rica and Colombia.