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Colombian Conservatism (Spanish : Conservadurismo) is a system of conservative political beliefs in Colombia that is characterized by protectionism, support of Catholic values, social stability and anti-totalitarianism. Its history began with the creation of two conservative political parties in Colombia. One characteristic of the Colombian Conservatism, in contrast to many other geographic subsets of conservatism, is its strong emphasis on protectionism, which is considered by many Colombian conservatives to be necessary to create a fair market.
Colombian conservatism holds Simón Bolívar and his ideals as central to its political principles. The first formal conservative Colombian party, known as "Republicanos Moderados" (Moderate Republicans) was created in 1837 by Jose Ignacio de Marquez. In the image of Bolivar, the party held to religious principles and favored order and control. In 1840, a civil war occurred that caused the proliferation of future political parties, including the Colombian Conservative Party, the current principal representative of this Bolivarian ideal.
Colombia has experienced many conservative movements. An example is the "Conservatismo Colombiano" party.
Other movements, such as that of Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, were also influenced by conservative ideals.
Another important movement, created by Nuñez, was a coalition between conservatives and moderate liberals called "Partido Nacional" (National Party).
The National Popular Alliance was established in the 1960s by disillusioned conservatives, and it later developed into a populist opposition party. Before the creation of the party, the members were called "Godos". These "Republicanos Moderados" and some other "radical conservatives" led to the beginnings of the Colombian Conservative Party.
These ideals have evolved, but the most important are:
Conservative presidents include:
(*) Presidents of Liberal origin that implemented conservative policies, who have since then become allied with conservatism.
Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo was a Colombian author, lawyer, journalist and politician, who was elected president of Colombia in 1880 and in 1884. Núñez was the leader of the so-called "Regeneration" process which produced the Colombian Constitution of 1886 which was to remain until 1991.
Enrique Alfredo Olaya Herrera was a Colombian journalist and politician. He served as President of Colombia from 7 August 1930 until 7 August 1934 representing the Colombian Liberal Party.
Manuel Murillo Toro was a Colombian statesman who served as President of the United States of Colombia on two occasions, first from 1864 to 1866, and again between 1872 and 1874.
The Colombian Conservative Party is a conservative political party in Colombia. The party was formally established in 1849 by Mariano Ospina Rodríguez and José Eusebio Caro.
Gustavo Rojas Pinilla was a Colombian army general, civil engineer and politician who ruled as 19th President of Colombia in a military dictatorship from June 1953 to May 1957.
Rafael Reyes Prieto was a Colombian politician and soldier who was the Chief of Staff of the Colombian National Army and President of Colombia (1904–1909).
Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar was a Colombian scholar, poet, journalist, philosopher, orator, philologist, lawyer, and politician.
Ramón González Valencia was a Colombian conservative, military officer and statesman. He participated in the civil wars of 1876, Colombian Civil War of 1895, and the Thousand Days War.
José Eliseo Payán Hurtado was a Colombian lawyer, politician, and military officer. Payán as Vice President of Colombia assumed the Presidency of Colombia because of the absence of President Rafael Núñez in 1887.
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez was a Colombian politician, journalist and lawyer, founder of the Colombian Conservative Party and later President of Colombia between 1857 and 1861 during the Granadine Confederation.
Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen was the 8th Vice President of New Granada, and as such served as Acting President from 1855 to 1857.
Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez was a Colombian Conservative party politician and lawyer who served as Acting President of Colombia from November 1951 until June 1953, while President Laureano Gómez was absent due to health issues.
Manuel Antonio Sanclemente Sanclemente was President of Colombia between 1898 and 1900.
Carlos María Holguín Mallarino was a Colombian lawyer, journalist, and politician, who became Acting President of Colombia between 1888 and 1892, acting in the absence of President Rafael Núñez.
Juan José Nieto Gil was a Colombian politician, Army general and writer. A Liberal party caudillo of Cartagena, he served interimly as Governor of the Province of Cartagena, and was later elected President of the Sovereign State of Bolívar from 1859 to 1864. In 1861, during the Colombian Civil War, he fought on the side of the Liberal rebels against the Administration of President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez, and acting in rebellion proclaimed himself President of the Granadine Confederation in his right as the Presidential Designate, relinquishing power four months later to the Liberal leader, General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda, who led a successful coup d'état against the Conservative Government in Bogotá.
Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé is a private Catholic pre-school, primary and secondary school, colonial of Plateresque style building, located in the Santa Fe district of Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia. The co-educational school was founded on 27 September 1604 by the Archbishop of Bogota Bartolomé Lobo Guerrero and the Jesuits José Dadey, Martín de Funes, Juan Bautista Coluccini, Martín de Torres, Bernabé de Rojas, and Diego Sánchez. The school is managed by the Society of Jesus.
The first family of Colombia is the family of the president of Colombia, who is both head of state and head of government of Colombia. It is an unofficial title for the family of a republic's head of state. Members of the first family consist of the president, the First Lady of Colombia, and any of their children. However, other close relatives of the president and first spouse, such as parents, grandchildren, stepchildren, and in-laws, may be classified as members of the first family for context purposes. The first family of Colombia live in the presidential residence Casa de Nariño in Bogotá, Colombia.
Carlos Arango Vélez, was a Colombian Jurist and Liberal Party Politician.