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| Politics of Colombia |
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Parliamentary elections were held in Colombia on 13 March 2022. [1]
Of the 166 members of the House of Representatives, 162 were elected by proportional representation from 33 multi-member constituencies based on the departments, with seats allocated using the largest remainder method. [2] Two members were elected by the Afro-Colombian community, one by Indigenous community, and one by Colombian expatriates. [3] The 102 Senators were elected by two methods; 100 from a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation (with seats allocated using the largest remainder) and two from a two-seat constituency for Indigenous Colombians. [4]
Commons, the political successor of the former rebel group FARC, were guaranteed five seats in the House and five in the Senate as part of the Colombian peace process. [5] [6] For the first time, 16 seats in the House, as agreed to during the negotiations in Havana and ratified by an act of legislation on 25 August 2021, were reserved for victims of the Colombian conflict. Citizens from 167 municipalities affected by the conflict were eligible for voting in the special victims constituency. [7] [8]
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Historic Pact for Colombia | 2,880,254 | 16.95 | 20 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party | 2,238,678 | 13.18 | 15 | |
| Colombian Liberal Party | 2,112,528 | 12.43 | 14 | |
| Hope Center–Green Alliance | 1,958,369 | 11.53 | 13 | |
| Democratic Center | 1,949,905 | 11.48 | 13 | |
| Radical Change | 1,609,173 | 9.47 | 11 | |
| Union Party for the People | 1,506,567 | 8.87 | 10 | |
| MIRA–Fair and Free Colombia | 584,806 | 3.44 | 4 | |
| Civic Force | 431,166 | 2.54 | 0 | |
| New Liberalism | 368,345 | 2.17 | 0 | |
| We are Ready Colombia | 115,120 | 0.68 | 0 | |
| SOS Colombia | 56,767 | 0.33 | 0 | |
| New People Movement | 37,063 | 0.22 | 0 | |
| National Salvation Movement | 31,289 | 0.18 | 0 | |
| Commons | 25,708 | 0.15 | 5 | |
| Metapolitical Unitary Movement | 12,165 | 0.07 | 0 | |
| Presidential election runner-up | 1 | |||
| Blank votes | 1,072,401 | 6.31 | – | |
| Total | 16,990,304 | 100.00 | 106 | |
| Valid votes | 16,990,304 | 93.04 | ||
| Invalid votes | 1,270,720 | 6.96 | ||
| Total votes | 18,261,024 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 38,819,901 | 47.04 | ||
| Indigenous seats | ||||
| Indigenous and Social Alternative Movement | 89,199 | 30.40 | 1 | |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia | 63,373 | 21.60 | 1 | |
| Colombian Indigenous Party | 28,312 | 9.65 | 0 | |
| Environmental Mandate | 14,825 | 5.05 | 0 | |
| Association of Indigenous Councils for Colombia | 13,580 | 4.63 | 0 | |
| Campo Alegre Protection | 4,749 | 1.62 | 0 | |
| National Association of Cabildos and Indigenous Authorities in Colombia | 3,757 | 1.28 | 0 | |
| Ancestral Socio-Political Organisation | 2,052 | 0.70 | 0 | |
| Democracia Desde Abajo La Palma | 1,580 | 0.54 | 0 | |
| Blank votes | 71,978 | 24.53 | – | |
| Total | 293,405 | 100.00 | 2 | |
| Valid votes | 293,405 | 78.09 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 82,303 | 21.91 | ||
| Total votes | 375,708 | 100.00 | ||
| Source: [9] | ||||
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Historic Pact for Colombia | 2,922,409 | 17.62 | 28 | |
| Colombian Liberal Party | 2,335,426 | 14.08 | 32 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party | 2,068,076 | 12.47 | 25 | |
| Democratic Center | 1,692,491 | 10.20 | 16 | |
| Union Party for the People | 1,439,579 | 8.68 | 15 | |
| Radical Change | 1,319,437 | 7.95 | 16 | |
| Green Alliance | 1,093,836 | 6.59 | 11 | |
| Hope Center Coalition | 445,549 | 2.69 | 2 | |
| MIRA–Fair and Free Colombia | 288,617 | 1.74 | 1 | |
| New Liberalism | 282,271 | 1.70 | 1 | |
| League of Anti-Corruption Governors | 172,342 | 1.04 | 2 | |
| Historic Pact–Green Alliance | 149,218 | 0.90 | 2 | |
| Radical Change–Fair and Free Colombia–MIRA | 136,622 | 0.82 | 1 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party–Union Party for the People | 111,497 | 0.67 | 1 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party–Democratic Center | 99,138 | 0.60 | 1 | |
| Radical Change–MIRA | 84,704 | 0.51 | 1 | |
| Civic Force | 71,075 | 0.43 | 1 | |
| Colombian Liberal Party–Fair and Free Colombia | 68,468 | 0.41 | 1 | |
| Colombia Renaissance Party | 62,490 | 0.38 | 1 | |
| Alternativos (AV–PDA) | 60,527 | 0.36 | 2 | |
| Union Party for the People–MIRA–Fair and Free Colombia | 60,412 | 0.36 | 0 | |
| Radical Change–Fair and Free Colombia | 58,674 | 0.35 | 0 | |
| Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation | 56,911 | 0.34 | 0 | |
| Gente en Movimiento | 54,933 | 0.33 | 1 | |
| National Salvation Movement | 38,123 | 0.23 | 0 | |
| Together for Caldas (ASI–D–NL–MIRA) | 36,479 | 0.22 | 1 | |
| Radical Change–CJL–MIRA–Union Party for the People | 34,743 | 0.21 | 0 | |
| MIRA–Democratic Center–Fair and Free Colombia | 32,514 | 0.20 | 0 | |
| AV–Hope Center Coalition | 31,873 | 0.19 | 0 | |
| Union Party for the People–MIRA–CJL–ASI | 30,022 | 0.18 | 0 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party–CJL–MIRA | 29,947 | 0.18 | 0 | |
| Human Colombia Political Movement | 29,845 | 0.18 | 0 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party–CJL–MSN | 24,162 | 0.15 | 0 | |
| Commons | 21,423 | 0.13 | 5 | |
| MIRA–CJL–MSN | 18,165 | 0.11 | 0 | |
| Dignity | 16,431 | 0.10 | 0 | |
| Independent Social Alliance | 12,765 | 0.08 | 0 | |
| MIRA–Democratic Center | 11,688 | 0.07 | 0 | |
| Union Party for the People–MIRA–Radical Change | 9,549 | 0.06 | 0 | |
| Union Party for the People–Fair and Free Colombia | 6,612 | 0.04 | 1 | |
| The Change is Me Digital Movement | 6,234 | 0.04 | 0 | |
| Colombian Liberal Party–Independent Social Alliance | 4,018 | 0.02 | 0 | |
| Force Colombia (Colombia Renaissance Party–ASI) | 2,371 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| National Salvation Movement–Fair and Free Colombia | 1,853 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia | 629 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Fair and Free Colombia | 41 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Vice-presidential runner-up | 1 | |||
| Blank votes | 1,053,480 | 6.35 | – | |
| Total | 16,587,669 | 100.00 | 169 | |
| Valid votes | 16,587,669 | 93.17 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,215,344 | 6.83 | ||
| Total votes | 17,803,013 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 38,819,901 | 45.86 | ||
| Afro-Colombian seats | ||||
| Palenque de la Vereda las Trecientas y del Municipio de Galapa | 66,474 | 14.07 | 1 | |
| Fernando Ríos Hidalgo | 40,049 | 8.48 | 1 | |
| CC de la Comunidad Negra Limones | 39,924 | 8.45 | 0 | |
| CC La Toma | 25,602 | 5.42 | 0 | |
| CC Manuel Zapata Olivella De San Antero | 25,322 | 5.36 | 0 | |
| CC Afrozabaletas | 20,189 | 4.27 | 0 | |
| CC de la Costa Pacífica "Concosta" | 12,605 | 2.67 | 0 | |
| CC Bocas del Atrato y Leoncito | 12,306 | 2.60 | 0 | |
| CC la Voz de Los Negros | 11,730 | 2.48 | 0 | |
| CC de Comunidades Negras De Guayabal | 11,081 | 2.35 | 0 | |
| Organización Étnica de Comunidades Afros los Palenkes | 9,285 | 1.97 | 0 | |
| CC Mayor de Casimiro | 7,834 | 1.66 | 0 | |
| CC Mayor de Certegui | 7,654 | 1.62 | 0 | |
| CC de Comunidades Negras de Campo Hermoso | 6,181 | 1.31 | 0 | |
| Partido Colombia Renaciente | 6,152 | 1.30 | 0 | |
| CC Bocas de Taparal | 5,270 | 1.12 | 0 | |
| Somos Identidad | 5,031 | 1.06 | 0 | |
| Movimiento Alianza Democrática Amplia | 4,298 | 0.91 | 0 | |
| CC Integral de Lloró | 4,263 | 0.90 | 0 | |
| CC de la Comunidad Negra de Villa Gloria | 4,074 | 0.86 | 0 | |
| CC Veredas Unidas un Bien Común | 4,056 | 0.86 | 0 | |
| CC Unión Patía Viejo | 4,015 | 0.85 | – | |
| CC del Río Guajuí | 3,963 | 0.84 | 0 | |
| Consejo Comunit Piedras Bachichi Correg Santa Cecilia | 3,613 | 0.76 | 0 | |
| Fundación para el Desarrollo Social de Comunidades Negras | 3,356 | 0.71 | 0 | |
| Alianza Nacional Afrocolombiana | 2,976 | 0.63 | 0 | |
| CC de Comunidades Negras Socolando | 2,942 | 0.62 | 0 | |
| CC Rio Curbaradó | 2,681 | 0.57 | 0 | |
| Conmoguz | 2,456 | 0.52 | 0 | |
| CC de Flamenco - Municipio de María La Baja | 2,330 | 0.49 | 0 | |
| Asoc Afrocol Desplazados Mcpio Guacarí Valle del Cauca "ADAG" | 2,322 | 0.49 | 0 | |
| CC Alto Paraíso | 2,296 | 0.49 | 0 | |
| CC Puerto Girón | 2,147 | 0.45 | 0 | |
| CC Arcilla, Cardón y Tuna | 2,113 | 0.45 | 0 | |
| Consejo Mayor Condoto Iró | 1,923 | 0.41 | 0 | |
| CC de Vuelta Manza | 1,860 | 0.39 | 0 | |
| Consejo Comunit Recuerdo de Nuestros Ancestros Rio Mejicano | 1,804 | 0.38 | 0 | |
| CC de los Corregimientos de San Antonio y El Castillo Municipio de El Cerrito | 1,750 | 0.37 | 0 | |
| CC Rescate Las Varas | 1,687 | 0.36 | 0 | |
| CC del Guabal | 1,624 | 0.34 | 0 | |
| Corporación Kofi Annan | 1,594 | 0.34 | 0 | |
| Corporación De Educadores del Litoral Pacifico Corelipa | 1,186 | 0.25 | 0 | |
| Afromutata | 1,087 | 0.23 | 0 | |
| Asociación Afrodescendientes de Arboletes | 996 | 0.21 | 0 | |
| Coacneja | 937 | 0.20 | 0 | |
| Fundación Social Magende Mi | 633 | 0.13 | 0 | |
| Odeprivicor | 542 | 0.11 | 0 | |
| Comunidad de Negros de Aguas Blancas | 404 | 0.09 | 0 | |
| Blank votes | 87,809 | 18.59 | – | |
| Total | 472,426 | 100.00 | 2 | |
| Valid votes | 472,426 | 83.86 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 90,917 | 16.14 | ||
| Total votes | 563,343 | 100.00 | ||
| Indigenous seat | ||||
| Indigenous and Social Alternative Movement | 84,637 | 42.26 | 1 | |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia | 27,089 | 13.52 | 0 | |
| Colombian Indigenous Party | 18,828 | 9.40 | 0 | |
| National Association of Cabildos and Indigenous Authorities in Colombia | 7,957 | 3.97 | 0 | |
| Aywjawashi Indigenous Council | 7,870 | 3.93 | 0 | |
| Resguardo Indígena Alta y Media Guajira | 5,556 | 2.77 | 0 | |
| Resguardo Indígena Zenú Del Alto San Jorge | 2,900 | 1.45 | 0 | |
| Blank votes | 45,459 | 22.70 | – | |
| Total | 200,296 | 100.00 | 1 | |
| Valid votes | 200,296 | 84.29 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 37,338 | 15.71 | ||
| Total votes | 237,634 | 100.00 | ||
| Source: [10] | ||||
Following the electoral triumph of Gustavo Petro in the 2022 Colombian presidential election, Petro's coalition Historic Pact allied with the Liberal Party. The Liberal leader, César Gaviria, assured that the alliance would "allow the president-elect to overcome a political hurdle", which would provide the Historic Pact with less difficulty in advancing their agenda. [11] The Conservative Party expressed no interest in being an opposition bloc with the party caucus ultimately voting to support the Historic Pact. The decision caused tension within the party as many opposed the move and led to party leader Omar Yepes' resignation. The Party of the U also declared they would not serve as an opposition bloc and contemplated whether to join the government or remain neutral. Meanwhile, the party of outgoing president Iván Duque, the Democratic Center, said they would be in the opposition. [12] The Party of the U announced on 19 July that it would join the governing coalition. [13]
The elected senators and members of the Chamber of Representatives were sworn in on 20 July 2022. [14]
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