Combatants of the internal conflict in Myanmar

As a protracted armed conflict spanning more than seven decades, the internal conflict in Myanmar has involved over fifty different armed groups, three military juntas, and seven civilian-led governments.

AFPFL government (1948–1962)

Union of Burma (AFPFL government)

Ethnic armed organisations

Tatmadaw Burma Army Battalions No. 1 Burma Rifles Military police Taungoo guerillas No. 2 Burma Rifles 2× Karen companies 1× Chin company 1× Kachin company No. 3 Burma Rifles No. 4 Burma Rifles No. 5 Burma Rifles No. 6 Burma Rifles No. 1 Karen Rifles No. 2 Karen Rifles No. 3 Karen Rifles No. 1 Kachin Rifles No. 2 Kachin Rifles No. 1 Chin Rifles No. 2 Chin Rifles No. 4 Burma Regiment (Gurkhas) Chin Hill Battalion Regional Military Commands Northern Command Southern Command Eastern Command Northwestern Command Southwestern Command Southeastern Command Central Command Burma Navy Burma Air Force Burma Police Force

Communist Party of Burma (from 1948) People's Liberation Army (1948–1950) People's Army (from 1950) Communist Party (Burma) (from 1948) Kachin Defence Army (from 1961) Kachin Independence Organisation (from 1960) Kachin Independence Army Karen National Union (from 1948) Karen National Defence Organisation (from 1948) Karen National Liberation Army (from 1949) Karenni National Progressive Party (from 1957) Karenni Army Kuomintang (1950–1961) Mujahideen (1948–1954) New Mon State Party (from 1958) Mon National Liberation Army Noom Suk Harn (from 1958) Pa-O National Organisation (from 1949) Pa-O National Army Revolutionary Burma Army (from 1948) Shan National United Front Shan State Communist Party (1956–1958) [1] Shan State Independence Army (from 1960) Shan United Revolutionary Army (from 1960)

Ne Win's government (1962–1988)

Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma [a]

Ethnic armed organisations

Tatmadaw Burma Army Regional Military Commands Northern Command Southern Command Western Command Eastern Command Northwestern Command Northeastern Command Southwestern Command Southeastern Command Central Command Yangon Command Light Infantry Divisions 22nd Light Infantry Division 33rd Light Infantry Division 44th Light Infantry Division 55th Light Infantry Division 66th Light Infantry Division 77th Light Infantry Division 88th Light Infantry Division 99th Light Infantry Division Burma Navy Burma Air Force Burma Police Force

Arakan Liberation Party (from 1968) Arakan Liberation Army Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front (from 1986) Communist Party of Arakan (from 1962) Communist Party of Burma People's Army Communist Party (Burma) (until 1978) Kachin Defence Army Kachin Independence Organisation Kachin Independence Army Karen National Union Karen National Defence Organisation Karen National Liberation Army Karenni National People's Liberation Front (from 1978) Karenni National Progressive Party Karenni Army Mong Tai Army (from 1985) National Socialist Council of Nagaland (from 1980) New Mon State Party Mon National Liberation Army Pa-O National Organisation Pa-O National Army Rohingya Liberation Party (1972–1974) Rohingya Liberation Army Rohingya Solidarity Organisation (from 1982) Shan State Army (1964–1976) Shan State Progressive Party (from 1971) Shan State Army – North Shan United Revolutionary Army Wa National Army (from 1974)

SLORC / SPDC government (1988–2011)

Union of Myanmar [b] (SLORC / SPDC)

Ethnic armed organisations

Tatmadaw   Myanmar Army Regional Military Commands Northern Command Southern Command Western Command Eastern Command Northwestern Command Northeastern Command Southwestern Command Southeastern Command Central Command Eastern Central Command Triangle Region Command Coastal Region Command Naypyidaw Command Yangon Command Light Infantry Divisions 11th Light Infantry Division 22nd Light Infantry Division 33rd Light Infantry Division 44th Light Infantry Division 55th Light Infantry Division 66th Light Infantry Division 77th Light Infantry Division 88th Light Infantry Division 99th Light Infantry Division 101st Light Infantry Division   Myanmar Navy   Myanmar Air Force Myanmar Police Force Border Guard Police Border Guard Forces (from 2009) [2] People's Militia Groups [2] Allied groups: Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (1994–2010) Brigade 333 Brigade 555 Brigade 999 Central Security Forces Karenni National People's Liberation Front (1994–2009) National Democratic Alliance Army (from 1989) New Democratic Army – Kachin (1989–2009) United Wa State Party (from 1989) United Wa State Army

All Burma Students' Democratic Front (from 1988) Arakan Liberation Party Arakan Liberation Army Arakan National Council Arakan Army (Kayin State) (from 2010) Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front (until 1998) Chin National Front (from 1988) Chin National Army Communist Party of Arakan (until 2004) DKBA-5 (from 2010) God's Army (1997–2006) Kachin Defence Army (until 2010) Kachin Independence Organisation (until 1994) Kachin Independence Army Karen National Union Karen National Defence Organisation Karen National Liberation Army Karenni National Progressive Party Karenni Army KNU/KNLA Peace Council (from 2007) Kuki National Organisation (from 1988) Kuki National Army Mongko Region Defence Army (1995–2000) Monland Restoration Army (from 2001) Myanmar National Truth and Justice Party (from 1989) Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army National Socialist Council of Nagaland New Mon State Party (until 1995) Mon National Liberation Army Palaung State Liberation Front (from 1992) Ta'ang National Liberation Army Pa-O National Organisation (until 2009) Pa-O National Army Pa-O National Liberation Organisation (from 2009) Pa-O National Liberation Army Restoration Council of Shan State (from 1996) Shan State Army – South Rohingya National Army (1998–2001) Rohingya Solidarity Organisation (until 1998) Shan State National Army (1995–2005) Shan United Revolutionary Army (until 1996) United League of Arakan Arakan Army (from 2009) Vigorous Burmese Student Warriors (from 1999) Wa National Army (until 1997) Zomi Revolutionary Organisation (from 1997) Zomi Revolutionary Army

Post-SPDC civilian government (2011–2021)

Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Ethnic armed organisations

Tatmadaw   Myanmar Army Regional Military Commands Northern Command Southern Command Western Command Eastern Command Northwestern Command Northeastern Command Southwestern Command Southeastern Command Central Command Eastern Central Command Triangle Region Command Coastal Region Command Naypyidaw Command Yangon Command Light Infantry Divisions 11th Light Infantry Division 22nd Light Infantry Division 33rd Light Infantry Division 44th Light Infantry Division 55th Light Infantry Division 66th Light Infantry Division 77th Light Infantry Division 88th Light Infantry Division 99th Light Infantry Division 101st Light Infantry Division   Myanmar Navy [3]   Myanmar Air Force [4] Myanmar Police Force Border Guard Police Border Guard Forces People's Militia Groups Allied groups: Peace and Solidarity Committee National Democratic Alliance Army United Wa State Party United Wa State Army

Northern Alliance (from 2016) Kachin Independence Organisation Kachin Independence Army Myanmar National Truth and Justice Party Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army Palaung State Liberation Front Ta'ang National Liberation Army 5th Brigade United League of Arakan Arakan Army Federal Union Army (from 2011) Arakan National Council Arakan Army Karenni National Progressive Party Karenni Army Kuki National Organisation Kuki National Army Lahu Democratic Union (until 2015) Shan State Progressive Party Shan State Army – North Zomi Revolutionary Organisation Zomi Revolutionary Army Others: All Burma Students' Democratic Front (until 2015) Arakan Liberation Party (until 2015) Arakan Liberation Army Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (from 2016) Chin National Front (until 2015) Chin National Army DKBA-5 (until 2015) Karen National Union (until 2015) Karen National Defence Organisation Karen National Liberation Army KNU/KNLA Peace Council (until 2015) Monland Restoration Army (until 2012) National Socialist Council of Nagaland Pa-O National Liberation Organisation (until 2012) Pa-O National Liberation Army Restoration Council of Shan State Shan State Army – South Shanni Nationalities Army (from 2016) Vigorous Burmese Student Warriors (untl 2013)

State Administration Council (since 2021)

State Administration Council

National Unity Government and ethnic armed organisations

Tatmadaw   Myanmar Army Regional Military Commands Northern Command Southern Command Western Command Eastern Command Northwestern Command Northeastern Command Southwestern Command Southeastern Command Central Command Eastern Central Command Triangle Region Command Coastal Region Command Naypyidaw Command Yangon Command Light Infantry Divisions 11th Light Infantry Division 22nd Light Infantry Division 33rd Light Infantry Division 44th Light Infantry Division 55th Light Infantry Division 66th Light Infantry Division 77th Light Infantry Division 88th Light Infantry Division 99th Light Infantry Division 101st Light Infantry Division   Myanmar Navy   Myanmar Air Force Myanmar Police Force Border Guard Police Border Guard Forces People's Militia Groups Allied groups: New Democratic Army – Kachin Pa-O National Organisation (from 2021) Pa-O National Army Shanni Nationalities Army (from 2022)

People's Defence Force Regional Forces Chinland Defence Force Chin National Defence Force Karenni Nationalities Defence Force Karenni People's Defence Force [5] Katha People's Defence Force Myanmar Royal Dragon Army People's Defence Force, Bago [6] People's Defence Force, Kalay People's Defence Force, Mandalay People's Defence Force, Monywa People's Defence Force, Pulaw People's Defence Force, Sagaing Yaw Defence Force [7] Regional Military Commands Yangon Region Command Northern Alliance Kachin Independence Organisation Kachin Independence Army Myanmar National Truth and Justice Party Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army Palaung State Liberation Front Ta'ang National Liberation Army United League of Arakan Arakan Army Federal Union Army Arakan National Council Arakan Army Karenni National Progressive Party Karenni Army Kuki National Organisation Kuki National Army Lahu Democratic Union New Mon State Party Mon National Liberation Army Shan State Progressive Party Shan State Army – North Zomi Revolutionary Organisation Zomi Revolutionary Army Others: All Burma Students' Democratic Front Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army Bamar People's Liberation Army (from 2021) Communist Party of Burma (from 2021) People's Liberation Army DKBA-5 Karen National Union Karen National Liberation Army Karenni National People's Liberation Front (from 2023) National Socialist Council of Nagaland Peace and Solidarity Committee National Democratic Alliance Army Pa-O National Liberation Organisation Pa-O National Liberation Army Restoration Council of Shan State Shan State Army – South Rohingya Solidarity Organisation (from 2021) Student Armed Force (from 2021)

See also

• List of wars involving Myanmar

Notes

1. Officially the Union of Burma from 1962 to 1974
2. Officially the Union of Burma from 1988 to 1989 and the Republic of the Union of Myanmar from 2008 onwards

References

1. Fleischmann, Klaus. Die Kommunistische Partei Birmas – Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. Hamburg: Institut für Asienkunde, 1989. p. 405.
2. "Border Guard Force Scheme". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
3. Zaw, Htet Naing (24 June 2019). "AA Naval Attack Kills 2 Tatmadaw Fighters". The Irrawaddy. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
4. Katie Hunt. "Myanmar Air Force helicopters fire on armed villagers in Rakhine state". CNN. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
5. "Karenni resistance fighters open new front against junta". Myanmar Now . 26 May 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
6. "Interview: 'Our Strength is in the People'". Radio Free Asia. 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
7. "Myanmar Junta Security Minister Admits Defeat Across Region". The Irrawaddy. 25 January 2022. Retrieved 29 January 2022.