Correa backhouseana

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Correa backhouseana
Correa backhouseana.JPG
Correa backhouseana var. backhouseana Cape Otway, Victoria
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Correa
Species:
C. backhouseana
Binomial name
Correa backhouseana
Synonyms [1]
  • ? Correa backhouseana var. uniflora Regel
  • Correa backhousianaHook. orth. var.
  • ? Correa backhousiana var. unifloraRegel orth. var.
  • Correa speciosa var. backhouseana(Hook.) Benth.
  • Correa speciosa var. backhouseana(Hook.) Rodway nom. superfl.
Var. orbicularis in the ANBG Correa backhouseana orbicularis.jpg
Var. orbicularis in the ANBG
Correa backhouseana 2 Oude Jachthuis.jpg

Correa backhouseana is a species of rounded shrub that is endemic to coastal and near-coastal areas of southern Australia. It has elliptical to egg-shaped or round leaves that are densely hairy on the lower surface, and cylindrical to funnel-shaped, cream-coloured to pale green or red and yellow flowers.

Contents

Description

Correa backhouseana is a rounded shrub that typically grows to a height of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) with its young branchlets covered with woolly, rust-coloured hairs. The leaves are leathery, elliptical to egg-shaped or more or less round, mostly 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) long on a short petiole. The upper surface of the leaves is more or less glabrous but the lower surface is densely covered with woolly hairs. The flowers are arranged singly or in groups of two or three on short side shoots and are usually pendent. The calyx is hemispherical, 2–7 mm (0.079–0.276 in) high and densely covered with woolly hairs. The petals are cream-coloured to pale green or red and yellow, 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) long and form a cylindrical or funnel-shaped corolla. The eight stamens are slightly longer than the corolla. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

Correa backhouseanas was first formally described in 1834 by botanist William Jackson Hooker in The Journal of Botany. The type specimen was collected by English botanist and missionary James Backhouse at Cape Grim in Tasmania in 1833. [5] [6]

The names of three varieties are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

Distribution and habitat

This correa occurs in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. Variety backhouseana usually grows on coastal dunes and among rocks in coastal Tasmania, the Bass Strait Islands and near Cape Otway in coastal Victoria. Variety coriacea grows on dunes and granite outcrops westwards from the Mount Lofty Ranges of South Australia and on limestone escarpments along the south-eastern coast of Western Australia. Variety orbicularis is endemic to Kangaroo Island in South Australia where it grows in coastal heath on sand, often over limestone. [9] [4] [14] [15] [16]

Conservation status

Correa backhouseana var. backhouseana is listed as "vulnerable" under the Victorian Government Advisory List of Rare Or Threatened Plants In Victoria - 2014. [17]

Use in horticulture

Correa backhouseana is a hardy plant down to −5 °C (23 °F). [18] It is useful as a screening plant or along fencelines. It is also used as a container plant and its flowers and foliage can be used in floral arrangements. [19] It prefers a position with some shade and will tolerate salt-laden winds and frost. [19]

The cultivar Correa backhouseana var. coriacea 'Eucla Gold' has smaller, narrower, and more brightly coloured flowers than usual. It was selected from a wild population near Eucla, Western Australia and brought into cultivation in Victoria in 1988. [20]

Correa backhouseana has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. In the UK it requires a sheltered location and some protection in winter. [18]

Related Research Articles

<i>Correa</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Correa is a genus of eleven species of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae that are endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Correa are shrubs to small trees with simple leaves arranged in opposite pairs, bisexual flowers with four sepals, four petals usually fused for most of their length and eight stamens.

<i>Correa alba</i> Species of flowering plant

Correa alba, commonly known as white correa, is a species of shrub that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has egg-shaped to more or less circular leaves, erect white flowers arranged singly or in groups on short side branches, and green fruit.

<i>Correa baeuerlenii</i> Species of flowering plant

Correa baeuerlenii, commonly known as chef's-hat correa, or chef's cap correa, is a species of dense, rounded shrub that is endemic to the south-east of New South Wales, Australia. It has egg-shaped leaves and pendulous, greenish yellow flowers usually arranged singly on short side branches.

<i>Correa lawrenceana</i> Species of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana, commonly known as mountain correa, is a species of shrub or small tree of the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Australia. It has elliptical to egg-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs and cylindrical, greenish yellow to red flowers usually arranged singly or in groups of up to seven in leaf axils with the stamens protruding beyond the end of the corolla.

<i>Correa calycina</i> Species of plant

Correa calycina, commonly known as the South Australian green correa or Hindmarsh correa, is a species of tall, dense shrub that is endemic to a small area of South Australia. It has papery, oblong leaves and pendulous green flowers arranged singly on the ends of short side branches.

<i>Correa glabra</i> Species of plant

Correa glabra, commonly known as the rock correa, is a species of tall, erect shrub that is endemic to Australia. It usually has elliptical, mostly glabrous leaves and pendent, pale green to pale yellow flowers arranged singly on short side shoots.

<i>Correa aemula</i> Species of plant

Correa aemula, commonly known as the hairy correa, is a species of shrub that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has broadly heart-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, green or greyish green, pendent flowers arranged singly or in pairs and ageing to mauve-purple.

<i>Correa decumbens</i> Species of plant

Correa decumbens, commonly known as the spreading correa, is a species of prostrate to spreading shrub that is endemic to South Australia. It has narrow oblong to narrow elliptical leaves and narrow cylindrical, pink to red flowers with green lobes.

Correa eburnea, commonly known as the Deep Creek correa, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia. It has papery, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and up to five green, nodding flowers arranged in leaf axils.

<i>Correa reflexa <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> nummulariifolia</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa reflexa var. nummulariifolia, also known as roundleaf correa, is a variety of Correa reflexa endemic to Tasmania in Australia. It is a small shrub with leaves that are up to 12–26 mm long and 6–15 mm wide. The pendent flowers are tubular and yellow-green. The variety's distribution is restricted to islands of the Furneaux Group in Bass Strait.

<i>Asterolasia asteriscophora</i> Species of flowering plant

Asterolasia asteriscophora, commonly known as lemon starbush, is a species of slender, erect shrub in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to southern continental Australia. It has woolly, star-shaped hairs on its young branches, variably-shaped leaves covered with brownish or whitish hairs on the underside, and yellow flowers with woolly brown, star-shaped hairs on the back.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> grampiana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. grampiana, commonly known as Grampians mountain-correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana that is endemic to Victoria, Australia. It is a shrub with elliptical leaves and cylindrical, velvety flowers covered with matted, woolly cream-coloured to yellowish brown hairs.

<i>Boronia wilsonii</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia wilsonii is an erect shrub that is endemic to northern Australia. Its branches, leaves and backs of the flowers are densely covered with woolly hairs. The petals are white to pink or burgundy-coloured.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> cordifolia</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. cordifolia, commonly known as the pink mountain-correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub with leathery, broadly egg-shaped to heart-shaped leaves, and pink flowers with yellowish tips arranged singly or in groups of two or three in leaf axils.

Correa lawrenceana var. genoensis, commonly known as the Genoa River correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub with egg-shaped leaves and yellowish green flowers usually arranged singly in leaf axils.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> glandulifera</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. glandulifera, commonly known as the mountain correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with egg-shaped leaves and greenish yellow flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to five with woolly hairs on the outside.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> latrobeana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. latrobeana is a variety of Correa lawrenceana that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptical to egg-shaped leaves and cylindrical, greenish-yellow or reddish-mauve flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to seven in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> lawrenceana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. lawrenceana is the implicit autonym of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub with papery, oblong leaves and pale green, narrow cylindrical flowers arranged singly on the ends of branchlets.

Correa lawrenceana var. macrocalyx is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with leathery, egg-shaped to broadly egg-shaped leaves, and cylindrical, greenish yellow flowers arranged in leaf axils or on the ends of short branchlets.

Correa lawrenceana var. rosea is a variety of Correa lawrenceana that is endemic to the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales. It is a shrub with narrow elliptical leaves and narrow cylindrical flowers that are pink or dull red with green lobes and covered with small, compact star-shaped hairs.

References

  1. 1 2 "Correa backhouseana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  2. 1 2 Wild Plants of Victoria CD-ROM. Bentleigh East, Victoria: Viridans Biological Databases & Department of Sustainability and Environment. 2003.
  3. ↑ Wilson, Paul G.; Wilson, Annette J.G. (ed.); Bolton, P.E. (ed.). "Correa backhouseana". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 9 July 2020.{{cite web}}: |first2= has generic name (help)
  4. 1 2 Duretto, Marco F. "Correa backhouseana var. backhouseana". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  5. ↑ "Correa backhouseana". APNI. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  6. ↑ Hooker, William Jackson (1834). "Contributions Towards a Flora of Van Dieman's Land; from collections sent by R. W. Lawrence, and Ronald Gunn, Esqrs., and by Dr. Scott". The Journal of Botany. 1: 253–254. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  7. ↑ "Correa backhouseana var. backhouseana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  8. ↑ Wapstra, Hans; Annie Wapstra; Louise Gilfedder. "Little Book of Common Names" (PDF). Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Wilson, Paul G. (1998). "Notes on the genus Correa (Rutaceae)". Nuytsia. 12 (1): 90. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  10. ↑ "Correa backhouseana var. coriacea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  11. ↑ "Correa backhouseana var. coriacea (Rutaceae)". South Australian Seed Conservation Service. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  12. ↑ "Correa backhouseana var. orbicularis". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  13. ↑ "Correa backhouseana var. orbicularis (Rutaceae)". South Australian Seed Conservation Service. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  14. ↑ "Correa backhouseana var. coriacea". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  15. ↑ Jordan, Greg. "Correa backhousena". Key to Tasmanian Vascular Plants. University of Tasmania. Retrieved 2009-05-06.
  16. ↑ Corrick, M.G.; Fuhrer, B.A. (2001). Wildflowers of Victoria and adjoining areas. Australia: Bloomings Books. ISBN   1876473142.
  17. ↑ "Advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria - 2014" (PDF). Victorian Government Department of Environment and Primary Industries. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  18. 1 2 "RHS Plant Selector - Correa backhouseana" . Retrieved 15 April 2020.
  19. 1 2 Greig, D. (1987). The Australian Gardener's Wildflower Catalogue. Australia: Angus & Robertson. ISBN   0207154600.
  20. ↑ "Correa 'Eucla Gold'". Australian Cultivar Registration Authority. Retrieved 2009-05-06.
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