Correa (plant)

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Correa
Fleur de Correa reflexa.jpg
Correa reflexa near Abercrombie Caves
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Subfamily: Zanthoxyloideae
Genus: Correa
Andrews [1]
Species

See text.

Synonyms [1]
Correa baeuerlenii Correa baeuerlenii.jpg
Correa baeuerlenii
Correa alba in the Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens Correa Alba RTBG.jpg
Correa alba in the Royal Tasmanian Botanical Gardens

Correa is a genus of eleven species of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae that are endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Correa are shrubs to small trees with simple leaves arranged in opposite pairs, bisexual flowers with four sepals, four petals usually fused for most of their length and eight stamens.

Contents

Description

Plants in the genus Correa are shrubs to small trees with simple leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers are bisexual and are arranged in cymes in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets. The four sepals are fused, at least at the base, forming a cup-shaped calyx. The four petals are usually fused for most of their length to form a tubular corolla and the eight stamens are free from each other. There are four carpels fused at the base, the four styles are fused and the stigma is similar to the style. The follicles contain up to two dull brown seed that are released explosively. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

The genus Correa was first formally described in 1798 by Henry Cranke Andrews in The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants and the first species he described was Correa alba . [5] [6] The genus is named after the Portuguese botanist José Correia da Serra (1750–1823), known as Abbé Correa. [7]

Species list

The following is a list of species, subspecies and varieties of Correa accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at July 2020: [8]

Use in horticulture

Many Correa hybrids are grown in Australian gardens. They are generally easy to grow. Correa alba and C. glabra varieties are the hardiest withstanding heavy frost and severe droughts. They can be grown in either full sun or a partly shaded spot in the garden. Correa glabra varieties have fragrant leaves. Correa lawrenceana is the largest of the correas. These need to be grown in the shade and do best in an understorey habitat. They are highly attractive to birds for both nectar and nest sites and are ideally planted in a thicket. Correa pulchella varieties produce the most beautiful coloured bells ranging from pale pink to deep orange to carmine. They need to be grown in part shade and watered regularly. Correa reflexa varieties range in colour from green to deep red. They also need to be grown in a partly shaded position and watered regularly. Some Correa species, such as C. eburnea and C. calycina, are endangered and difficult to obtain in the nursery trade.[ citation needed ]

There are also hundreds of named cultivars, many of which have been registered with the Australian Cultivar Registration Authority (ACRA).

In cultivation in the UK the following species and cultivars have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

Related Research Articles

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<i>Prostanthera</i> Genus of plants

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<i>Patersonia</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Olearia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Olearia, most commonly known as daisy-bush, is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Asteraceae, the largest of the flowering plant families in the world. Olearia are found in Australia, New Guinea and New Zealand. The genus includes herbaceous plants, shrubs and small trees. The latter are unusual among the Asteraceae and are called tree daisies in New Zealand. All bear the familiar daisy-like composite flowerheads in white, pink, mauve or purple.

<i>Philotheca</i> Genus of flowering plants

Philotheca is a genus of about fifty species of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae. Plants in this genus are shrubs with simple leaves arranged alternately along the stems, flowers that usually have five sepals, five petals and ten stamens that curve inwards over the ovary. All species are endemic to Australia and there are species in every state, but not the Northern Territory.

<i>Cryptandra</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cryptandra is a genus of flowering plants family Rhamnaceae and is endemic to Australia. Most plants in the genus Cryptandra are spiny, heath-like shrubs with small, clustered leaves and flowers crowded at the ends of branches, the flowers are usually small, surrounded by brown bracts, and with tube-shaped hypanthium, the petals hooded over the anthers.

<i>Thryptomene</i> Genus of flowering plants

Thryptomene is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Thryptomene are shrubs with small leaves arranged in opposite pairs and white or pink flowers. About forty-seven species of Thryptomene, occurring in all Australian states and the Northern Territory, have been formally described.

<i>Phebalium</i> Genus of shrubs

Phebalium is a genus of thirty species of shrubs or small trees in the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Australia. The leaves are arranged alternately, simple and often warty, the flowers arranged singly or in umbels on the ends of branchlets or in leaf axils, usually with five sepals, five petals and ten stamens. There are about thirty species and they are found in all Australian states but not in the Northern Territory.

<i>Bossiaea</i> Genus of legumes

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<i>Correa reflexa</i> Species of plant

Correa reflexa, commonly known as common correa or native fuchsia, is a shrub which is endemic to Australia.

<i>Correa lawrenceana</i> Species of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana, commonly known as mountain correa, is a species of shrub or small tree of the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Australia. It has elliptical to egg-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs and cylindrical, greenish yellow to red flowers usually arranged singly or in groups of up to seven in leaf axils with the stamens protruding beyond the end of the corolla.

<i>Daviesia</i> Genus of plants

Daviesia, commonly known as bitter-peas, is a genus of about 130 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Daviesia are shrubs or small trees with leaves modified as phyllodes or reduced to scales. The flowers are arranged singly or in groups, usually in leaf axils, the sepals joined at the base with five teeth, the petals usually yellowish with reddish markings and the fruit a pod.

<i>Styphelia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the heath family Ericaceae

Styphelia is a genus of shrubs in the family Ericaceae, native from Indo-China through the Pacific to Australia. Most have minute or small leaves with a sharp tip, single, tube-shaped flowers arranged in leaf axils and with the ends of the petals rolled back with hairs in the inside of the tube.

<i>Cyanothamnus</i>

Cyanothamnus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to Australia. Plants in the genus Cyanothamnus are erect or spreading shrubs usually with pinnate leaves arranged in opposite pairs, the leaves or leaflets flat. The flowers are arranged singly or in cymes with minute bracts. The petals are usually pink or white, sometimes blue or yellowish-green.

References

  1. 1 2 "Correa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  2. Duretto, Marco F. "Correa". Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  3. Wilson, Paul G. Wilson, Annette J.G.; Bolton, P.E. (eds.). "Correa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  4. Porteners, Marianne F.; Weston, Peter H. "Genus Correa". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  5. "Correa". APNI. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  6. Andrews, Henry Cranke (1798). The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants. London: H.C.Andrews. p. 18. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  7. 1911 edition of Encyclopædia Britannica.
  8. "Correa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
  9. "Correa backhouseana". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  10. "Correa puchella". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  11. "Correa reflexa". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  12. "Correa 'Dusky Bells'". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  13. "Correa 'Mannii'". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.

Further reading

"Correas: Australian Plants for Waterwise Gardens" Maria Hitchcock Rosenberg 2010