Correa lawrenceana

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Mountain correa
Correa lawrenceana.jpg
Correa lawrenceana var. latrobeana in Yarra Ranges National Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Rutaceae
Genus: Correa
Species:
C. lawrenceana
Binomial name
Correa lawrenceana
Synonyms [1]
  • Correa lawrencianaHook.Backh.
Correa lawrenceana var. latrobeana (reddish-mauve form) Correa lawrenceana flowers.jpg
Correa lawrenceana var. latrobeana (reddish-mauve form)
Correa lawrenceana var. grampiana in the Grampians Correa lawrenceana grampiana.jpg
Correa lawrenceana var. grampiana in the Grampians

Correa lawrenceana, commonly known as mountain correa, [2] is a species of shrub or small tree of the family Rutaceae and is endemic to Australia. It has elliptical to egg-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs and cylindrical, greenish yellow to red flowers usually arranged singly or in groups of up to seven in leaf axils with the stamens protruding beyond the end of the corolla.

Contents

Description

Correa lawrenceana is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.6–9 m (2 ft 0 in – 29 ft 6 in), sometimes a tree to 16 m (52 ft), and has branchlets covered with rusty hairs. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, elliptical to egg-shaped, 13–120 mm (0.51–4.72 in) long and 7–70 mm (0.28–2.76 in) wide on a petiole up to 16 mm (0.63 in) long. The flowers are arranged singly or in groups of up to seven in leaf axils, rarely on the ends of branchlets, each flower on a pedicel 5–50 mm (0.20–1.97 in) long. The calyx is hemispherical to cup-shaped, 3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in) long and 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) wide. The corolla is cylindrical, greenish yellow to red with a scaly to velvety surface, 12–50 mm (0.47–1.97 in) long with four short lobes on the end. The stamens project well beyond the end of the corolla. Flowering occurs in spring and sporadically at other times. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

This species was first described in 1834 by English botanist William Jackson Hooker who gave it the name Correa lawrenciana and published the description in his journal, The Journal of Botany. [5] [6] The specific epithet honours Tasmanian botanist Robert William Lawrence (1807-1833) who, together with Ronald Gunn, collected the plant material sent to Hooker. [7] In 1998, Paul Wilson corrected the name to Correa lawrenceana to conform to the Tokyo Code. [8] [9]

A subgenus of Correa (Correa subgenus PersistensOthman, Duretto and G.J. Jord.) was formally described in 2011 comprising two species, C. lawrenceana and C. baeuerlenii . [10] Unlike other Correa species, C. lawrenceana does not readily form hybrids with other species. [11]

The names of eight varieties are accepted at the Australian Plant Census:

Some varieties grade into each other, and the delineation between them is imprecise. [9]

Distribution and habitat

The species is found in rainforest and sclerophyll forest in Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and Queensland. Variety cordifolia grows in forest on the coast and tablelands of southern New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and far north-eastern Victoria. Variety genoensis is only known from the banks of the Genoa River near the New South Wales - Victoria border. [23] [24] Variety glandulifera is found in the mountains from the Gibraltar Range in New South Wales to the McPherson Range in south-eastern Queensland. Variety grampiana grows among rocks in mountain areas, mainly in the Grampians. Variety latrobeana is found in south-eastern New South Wales and eastern Victoria. Variety lawrenceana occurs in mountainous areas in Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory, var. macrocalyx is found in mountainous areas between the Taree and the Illawarra regions in New South Wales and var. rosea is only found in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales. [9]

Ecology

The flowers are presumed to be pollinated by either birds or bees. [25]

Use in horticulture

Correa lawrenceana is suited to a cool, moist, partly shaded position and is known to tolerate frost and snow. It can be used as a screening plant and will attract honeyeaters to the garden. [26] Plants are easily propagated from cuttings, whereas seed can be difficult. [7]

Related Research Articles

<i>Correa</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Correa is a genus of eleven species of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae that are endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Correa are shrubs to small trees with simple leaves arranged in opposite pairs, bisexual flowers with four sepals, four petals usually fused for most of their length and eight stamens.

<i>Correa alba</i> Species of flowering plant

Correa alba, commonly known as white correa, is a species of shrub that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has egg-shaped to more or less circular leaves, erect white flowers arranged singly or in groups on short side branches, and green fruit.

<i>Phebalium bullatum</i> Species of plant

Phebalium bullatum, commonly known as silvery phebalium, desert phebalium or sand phebalium, is a species of shrub that is endemic to southern continental Australia. It is more or less covered with silvery scales and has narrow oblong to narrow wedge-shaped leaves and yellow flowers in umbels of about six.

<i>Correa calycina</i> Species of plant

Correa calycina, commonly known as the South Australian green correa or Hindmarsh correa, is a species of tall, dense shrub that is endemic to a small area of South Australia. It has papery, oblong leaves and pendulous green flowers arranged singly on the ends of short side branches.

<i>Correa glabra</i> Species of plant

Correa glabra, commonly known as the rock correa, is a species of tall, erect shrub that is endemic to Australia. It usually has elliptical, mostly glabrous leaves and pendent, pale green to pale yellow flowers arranged singly on short side shoots.

<i>Correa aemula</i> Species of plant

Correa aemula, commonly known as the hairy correa, is a species of shrub that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has broadly heart-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, green or greyish green, pendent flowers arranged singly or in pairs and ageing to mauve-purple.

<i>Correa backhouseana</i> Species of plant

Correa backhouseana is a species of rounded shrub that is endemic to coastal and near-coastal areas of southern Australia. It has elliptical to egg-shaped or round leaves that are densely hairy on the lower surface, and cylindrical to funnel-shaped, cream-coloured to pale green or red and yellow flowers.

<i>Correa decumbens</i> Species of plant

Correa decumbens, commonly known as the spreading correa, is a species of prostrate to spreading shrub that is endemic to South Australia. It has narrow oblong to narrow elliptical leaves and narrow cylindrical, pink to red flowers with green lobes.

Correa eburnea, commonly known as the Deep Creek correa, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia. It has papery, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and up to five green, nodding flowers arranged in leaf axils.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> grampiana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. grampiana, commonly known as Grampians mountain-correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana that is endemic to Victoria, Australia. It is a shrub with elliptical leaves and cylindrical, velvety flowers covered with matted, woolly cream-coloured to yellowish brown hairs.

<i>Boronia ternata</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia ternata is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with many branches, simple or trifoliate leaves and white to pink four-petalled flowers.

<i>Boronia wilsonii</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia wilsonii is an erect shrub that is endemic to northern Australia. Its branches, leaves and backs of the flowers are densely covered with woolly hairs. The petals are white to pink or burgundy-coloured.

<i>Phebalium festivum</i> Species of shrub

Phebalium festivum, commonly known as dainty phebalium, is a species of spreading shrub that is endemic to Victoria, Australia. It has smooth branchlets, broadly egg-shaped, warty leaves and three to ten white or pale yellow flowers arranged in umbels on the ends of branchlets.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> cordifolia</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. cordifolia, commonly known as the pink mountain-correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub with leathery, broadly egg-shaped to heart-shaped leaves, and pink flowers with yellowish tips arranged singly or in groups of two or three in leaf axils.

Correa lawrenceana var. genoensis, commonly known as the Genoa River correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub with egg-shaped leaves and yellowish green flowers usually arranged singly in leaf axils.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> glandulifera</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. glandulifera, commonly known as the mountain correa, is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with egg-shaped leaves and greenish yellow flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to five with woolly hairs on the outside.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> latrobeana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. latrobeana is a variety of Correa lawrenceana that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptical to egg-shaped leaves and cylindrical, greenish-yellow or reddish-mauve flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to seven in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets.

<i>Correa lawrenceana <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> lawrenceana</i> Variety of flowering plant

Correa lawrenceana var. lawrenceana is the implicit autonym of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub with papery, oblong leaves and pale green, narrow cylindrical flowers arranged singly on the ends of branchlets.

Correa lawrenceana var. macrocalyx is a variety of Correa lawrenceana and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a shrub with leathery, egg-shaped to broadly egg-shaped leaves, and cylindrical, greenish yellow flowers arranged in leaf axils or on the ends of short branchlets.

Correa lawrenceana var. rosea is a variety of Correa lawrenceana that is endemic to the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales. It is a shrub with narrow elliptical leaves and narrow cylindrical flowers that are pink or dull red with green lobes and covered with small, compact star-shaped hairs.

References

  1. 1 2 "Correa lawrenceana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  2. 1 2 Porteners, Marianne F.; Weston, Peter H. "Correa lawrenceana F.Muell". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  3. Wilson, Paul G. Wilson, Annette J.G.; Bolton, P.E. (eds.). "Correa lawrenceana". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  4. Duretto, Marco F. "Correa lawrenceana". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  5. "Correa lawrenceana". APNI. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  6. Hooker, William Jackson (1834). "Contributions Towards a Flora of Van Dieman's Land; from collections sent by R. W. Lawrence, and Ronald Gunn, Esqrs., and by Dr. Scott". The Journal of Botany. 1: 254. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  7. 1 2 "Correa lawrenceana". Australian Native Plants Society (Australia). Retrieved 26 June 2011.
  8. "Correa lawrenceana". APNI. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Wilson, Paul Graham (1998). "Notes on the genus Correa (Rutaceae)". Nuytsia. 12 (1): 96–99. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  10. Othman, Raja Nur Ateeka; Gregory J. Jordan; James R. P. Worth; Dorothy A. Steane; Marco F. Duretto (2011). "Phylogeny and infrageneric classification of Correa Andrews (Rutaceae) on the basis of nuclear and chloroplast DNA". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 288 (3): 127–138. doi:10.1007/s00606-010-0315-0. S2CID   22925844.
  11. Duretto, Marco F. "Rutaceae" (PDF). Flora of Tasmania online. Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
  12. "Correa lawrenceana var. cordifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  13. 1 2 Wilson, Paul Graham (1961). "A taxonomic revision of the Genus Correa". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 85: 44–51. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  14. "Correa lawrenceana var. genoensis". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  15. "Correa lawrenceana var. glandulifera". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  16. "Correa lawrenceana var. grampiana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  17. "Correa lawrenceana var. latrobeana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  18. "Correa lawrenceana var. lawrenceana". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  19. "Correa lawrenceana var. macrocalyx". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  20. "Correa lawrenceana var. rosea". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  21. Costermans, L. (1981). Native Trees and Shrubs of South-eastern Australia. Australia: Rigby. ISBN   978-0727014030.
  22. Wild Plants of Victoria (database). Viridans Biological Databases & Department of Sustainability and Environment. 2009.
  23. Porteners, Marianne F.; Weston, Peter H. "Correa lawrenceana var. cordifloia F.Muell". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  24. Wilson, Paul G. Wilson, Annette J.G.; Bolton, P.E. (eds.). "Correa lawrenceana var. cordifolia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  25. Carter, Oberon; Walsh, Neville. "National Recovery Plan for the Genoa River Correa Correa lawrenceana variety genoensis" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  26. Greig, D. (1987). The Australian Gardener's Wildflower Catalogue. Australia: Angus & Robertson. ISBN   978-0-207-15460-7.