Corybas diemenicus

Last updated

Stately helmet orchid
Corybas diemenicus.jpg
Corybas diemenicus near Inverleigh
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Corybas
Species:
C. diemenicus
Binomial name
Corybas diemenicus
Synonyms [1]
  • Corysanthes diemenica Lindl.
  • Corysanthes diemenica Lindl.
  • Corysanthes fimbriata var. diemenica(Lindl.) Benth.
  • Corybas dilatatus(Rupp & Nicholls) Rupp
  • Corysanthes dilatataRupp & Nicholls
  • Corysanthes grumula D.L.Jones
  • Corybas grumulus(D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.

Corybas diemenicus, commonly known as the stately helmet orchid [2] or veined helmet orchid, [3] is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has round or heart-shaped leaf and a reddish purple flower with a central white patch.

Contents

Description

Corybas diemenicus is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with a single round or heart-shaped leaf 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) long and 12–20 mm (0.5–0.8 in) wide. The leaf is green on the upper surface and silvery green on the lower side. There is usually only a single erect, dark reddish to purple flower with translucent areas, 12–16 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long and 10–16 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide. The dorsal sepal is 18–25 mm (0.7–1 in) long and 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) wide on a stalk about 2 mm (0.08 in) long and forms a hood over the labellum. The lateral sepals are about 4 mm (0.2 in) long, joined at their bases before tapering to a fine tip. The petals are wider than but shorter than the lateral sepals and joined to them. The labellum is 10–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long, 11–16 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide and tube-shaped with a white centre and many short, broad teeth on the edges. Flowering occurs from June to December. [2] [3]

Taxonomy

The stately helmet orchid was first formally described in 1840 by John Lindley and given the name Corysanthes diemenica. The description was published in Lindley's book The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants . [4] [5] In 1942 Herman Rupp and William Nicholls changed the name to Corybas diemenicus. [6] [7] The specific epithet (diemenicus) is a Latin word meaning "belonging to, or from Tasmania". (Tasmania was formerly known as Van Diemen's Land.) [8]

Distribution and habitat

Corybas diemenicus is widespread and common, growing in moist forest and rainforest, sometimes in drier habitats. It occurs in New South Wales south from Barrington Tops National Park through the Australian Capital Territory to the south-east of Victoria and Tasmania. [2] [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Caladenia angustata</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia angustata, commonly known as white caps is a species of orchid endemic to Tasmania. It has a single, hairy leaf and one or two white to pinkish flowers which are reddish or greenish on their backs. It has not been accepted as a separate species by some authorities who regard it as a synonym of Caladenia gracilis.

<i>Corybas aconitiflorus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas aconitiflorus, commonly known as the cradle orchid or spurred helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to eastern Australia, occurring from south-east Queensland to Tasmania. The small flowers have a hooded appearance as the uppermost sepal hides most of the rest of the flower. It is the type species of the genus Corybas.

<i>Corybas hispidus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas hispidus, commonly known as the bristly helmet orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It is distinguished from other helmet orchids by its autumn to winter flowering period, and by its labellum, which has a bristly-hairy, creamy-white centre and is deeply notched along its top edge.

<i>Microtis arenaria</i> Species of orchid

Microtis arenaria, commonly known as the notched onion orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a single hollow, onion-like leaf and up to sixty scented, crowded yellowish-green flowers. It is widespread and common, growing in a wide variety of habitats.

Corybas globulus is a species of helmet orchid endemic to a small area of the New England Tableland in northern New South Wales. It is a relatively small orchid with a bright green, heart-shaped leaf and a bulbous, dark reddish purple flower.

Corybas abellianus, commonly known as the nodding helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to tropical north Queensland. It forms small colonies and has single heart-shaped, dark green leaf with a silvery white lower side and a reddish purple flower with a curved dorsal sepal.

<i>Corybas barbarae</i> Species of orchid

Corybas barbarae, commonly known as fairy lanterns, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to eastern Australia including Lord Howe Island. It has a single dark green or reddish green, heart-shaped leaf and a small sparkling white or pinkish flower with an inflated dorsal sepal obscuring its hairy labellum.

Corybas dentatus, commonly known as the Lofty Ranges helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to South Australia. It has a more or less round leaf and a single purplish and green flower. It is only known from two locations and is listed as "vulnerable" under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act.

<i>Corybas despectans</i> Species of orchid

Corybas despectans, commonly known as the tiny helmet orchid or sandhill helmet orchid is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to southern Australia. It has round or heart-shaped leaf and a tiny reddish purple flower. Unlike many others in the genus, the dorsal sepal does not cover the labellum. It is similar to C. incurvus but the flowers are smaller.

<i>Corybas dowlingii</i> Species of orchid

Corybas dowlingii, commonly known as red lanterns, is a rare species of terrestrial orchid endemic to New South Wales. It grows in colonies and has a round or heart-shaped leaf and a dark purplish red flower with white patches in the labellum.

Corybas expansus, commonly known as the flared helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to South Australia. It has a heart-shaped to more or less round leaf and a single purplish flower with greenish or transparent areas. It is a vulnerable species, found in near-coastal sand and leaf litter.

<i>Corybas fimbriatus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas fimbriatus, commonly known as the fringed helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has a broad egg-shaped to round leaf and a dark reddish purple to crimson flower with translucent patches. It is similar to C. hispidus but its labellum lacks a creamy-white centre and is not covered with bristly hairs.

Corybas fordhamii, commonly known as the banded helmet orchid or swamp helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has an egg-shaped to heart-shaped leaf and a reddish to reddish purple flower which leans forward. It is similar to C. unguiculatis which does not grow in swamps and has a different labellum.

<i>Corybas incurvus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas incurvus, commonly known as the slaty helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a broad egg-shaped to heart-shaped leaf and a dark purple flower with a white patch in the middle.

Corybas × miscellus, commonly known as the hybrid helmet orchid, is a hybrid species of terrestrial orchid endemic to South Australia and a very small area in far western Victoria. It has a heart-shaped to more or less round leaf and a single reddish purple flower with greyish translucent areas. It is a natural hybrid between C. diemenicus and C. incurvus and shares the characteristics of the parent species.

Corybas montanus, commonly known as the montane helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to Queensland. It forms small colonies and has single heart-shaped to round leaf and a reddish, self-pollinating flower with a curved dorsal sepal. It is only known from the Mount Barney National Park in south-east Queensland.

<i>Corybas pruinosus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas pruinosus, commonly known as the toothed helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to New South Wales. It grows in moist forests and has a single round or heart-shaped leaf and a relatively small, translucent grey flower with dark red markings.

<i>Corybas recurvus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas recurvus, commonly known as the western helmet orchid or common helmet is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to Western Australia. It has round or heart-shaped leaf and a dark reddish purple or purplish black flower. It is widespread and common between Bunbury and Albany.

<i>Corybas undulatus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas undulatus, commonly known as tailed helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single leaf and a single translucent grey flower with reddish markings, and a labellum with a bristly surface, fine teeth on the edge and a small tail on the tip.

<i>Corybas unguiculatus</i> Species of orchid

Corybas unguiculatus, commonly known as the small helmet orchid or pelicans, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a widespread, sometimes common but small orchid with a single leaf and a single reddish purple to reddish black flower.

References

  1. 1 2 "Corybas diemenicus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. 1 2 3 Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 170. ISBN   1877069124.
  3. 1 2 3 Jeanes, Jeff. "Corybas diemenicus". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  4. Lindley, John (1840). The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. London: Ridgways. pp. 393–394. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  5. "Corysanthes diemenica". APNI. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  6. Rupp, Herman Montague; Nicholls, William H. (1942). "Corybas or Corysanthes". The Victorian Naturalist. 59 (4): 61–62. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  7. "Corybas diemenicus". APNI. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  8. Clifford, H. Trevor; Bostock, Peter D. (2007). Etymological dictionary of grasses . Berlin: Springer. p.  92. ISBN   978-3540384328.