Cree Lake | |
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![]() Satellite image of Cree Lake [1] | |
Location | Northern Saskatchewan Administration District |
Coordinates | 57°30′N106°30′W / 57.500°N 106.500°W |
Lake type | Glacial lake |
Part of | Mackenzie River drainage basin |
Primary inflows |
|
River sources | Canadian Shield |
Primary outflows | Cree River |
Catchment area | 4,468 km2 (1,725 sq mi) |
Basin countries | Canada |
Max. length | 81 km (50 mi) |
Max. width | 57 km (35 mi) |
Surface area | 115,200 ha (285,000 acres) |
Average depth | 14.9 m (49 ft) |
Max. depth | 60 m (200 ft) |
Water volume | 17,600,000 dam3 (14,300,000 acre⋅ft) |
Shore length1 | 2,180 km (1,350 mi) |
Surface elevation | 487 m (1,598 ft) |
Islands | |
References | [2] |
1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. |
Cree Lake [3] is a large glacial lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The lake is the fourth largest in the province and is located west of Reindeer Lake and south of Lake Athabasca in the Mackenzie River drainage basin. Cree Lake is the remnant of a large proglacial lake that flowed south into the Churchill River during the last ice age.
Cree Lake has no highway access. Floatplanes are the means used to access the lodges and amenities on the lake.
Cree Lake is in the Canadian Shield in Saskatchewan's Northern Administration District. Covering an area of 115,200 hectares (285,000 acres), it is Saskatchewan's fourth largest lake. It spans a length of 81 kilometres (50 mi), a width of 57 kilometres (35 mi), and has a depth of about 60 metres (200 ft). [4] The lake has many islands and a jagged shoreline that measures about 2,180 kilometres (1,350 mi) long. Several rivers feed the lake with the larger ones being Brustad River, [5] Karras River, [6] and Routledge River. [7] Cree River, the lake's outflow, flows out at the northern end and heads north into Black Lake, which is connected to Lake Athabasca via the Fond du Lac River. The whole system is part of the Mackenzie River drainage basin. [8]
South of Cree Lake is a portage that connects it to the Mudjatik River, [9] which is a tributary of the Churchill River. The Churchill River flows east into the Hudson Bay.
Cree Lake is the remnant of a much larger proglacial lake. The proglacial lake was formed by the meltwaters of retreating continental glaciers during the last ice age about 8,700 years ago. This proglacial lake flowed south into the Churchill River drainage basin via glacial spillways. After the retreat of the glaciers, isostatic rebound redirected Cree Lake's outflow to the north. The lake's current elevation is 487 metres (1,598 ft) above sea level while that proglacial lake reached a height of 520 metres (1,710 ft). [10]
Cree Lake is in the traditional territory of the Dene and the English River Dene Nation, which is based in Patuanak. There are three Indian reserves on the lake; Cree Lake 192G and Cable Bay 192M are at the south-west corner and Barkwell Bay 192I is at the northern end on Barkwell Bay. [11]
A Dene settlement with an airport was located on the south-west shore of the lake ( 57°21′15.19″N107°7′41.52″W / 57.3542194°N 107.1282000°W ). It may have been the location of a Hudson's Bay Company trading post from 1891 to 1902. [12] In 1971 there were 36 residents (22 were First Nations). [13] Another settlement was located at the north-east end of the lake near the Cree River outflow. In the 1960s it had an airport, a small log church and numerous houses ( 57°42′39″N106°15′49″W / 57.71083°N 106.26361°W ). [14] A fish plant on Turner Island was built in 1957 by Waite Fisheries.
Other locations on Cree Lake with populations in the 1970s were the Cree Lake Weather Station in the south-west at the entrance to Cable Bay and an airfield (with 10 people) there operated by the Canadian Government. On Turner Island, there was the Cree Lake DNS Radio Station (Department of Northern Saskatchewan) with 10 people and a camp at the north-end with 15 people. [13]
Crystal Lodge is a fly-in fishing lodge on Ispatinow Island in Cree Lake. The lodge has cabins, walled tents, a firepit area, and 16 or 18-foot aluminum boats for guests. Access to the lodge is from Cree Lake/Crystal Lodge (Midgett Field) Aerodrome and Cree Lake (Crystal Lodge) Water Aerodrome. [15] [16]
At the northern end of the lake, at the southern tip of Rushmer Peninsula, is another fly-in lodge called Cree Lake Lodge. It has guided fishing tours and bear hunts. [17]
Fish species include walleye, yellow perch, northern pike, lake trout, lake whitefish, cisco, burbot, Arctic grayling, white sucker, and longnose sucker. [18] [19]
The GeoMemorial Commemorative Naming Program is a program that names geographical features in honour of those who lost their lives in the service of Canada. [20] Many islands in Cree Lake have been name through this program: [21]
The Chipewyan are a Dene Indigenous Canadian people of the Athabaskan language family, whose ancestors are identified with the Taltheilei Shale archaeological tradition. They are part of the Northern Athabascan group of peoples, and hail from what is now Western Canada.
The Churchill River is a major river in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada. From the head of the Churchill Lake it is 1,609 kilometres (1,000 mi) long. It was named after John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and governor of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1685 to 1691. The Cree name for the river is Missinipi, meaning "big waters". The Denesuline name for the river is des nëdhë́, meaning "Great River".
Reindeer Lake is a large lake in Western Canada located on the border between north-eastern Saskatchewan and north-western Manitoba, with the majority in Saskatchewan. The name of the lake appears to be a translation of the Algonquian name. It is the 24th largest lake in the world by area, as well as being the second-largest lake in Saskatchewan and the ninth largest in Canada. Eight percent of the lake lies in Manitoba while 92% of the lake is in Saskatchewan.
Southend is a community in north-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is situated on Big Island at the southern end of Reindeer Lake — the ninth largest lake in Canada. The community is the terminus of Highway 102 and is about 221 kilometres (137 mi) north-east of La Ronge.
Patuanak is a community in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is the administrative headquarters of the Dene First Nations reserve near Churchill River and the north end of Lac Île-à-la-Crosse. In Dene, it sounds similar to Boni Cheri (Bëghą́nı̨ch’ërë).
Beaver River is a large river in east-central Alberta and central Saskatchewan, Canada. It flows east through Alberta and Saskatchewan and then turns sharply north to flow into Lac Île-à-la-Crosse on the Churchill River which flows into Hudson Bay.
Waskesiu Lake is a lake located roughly in the centre of Prince Albert National Park. The lake's name means red deer or elk in the Cree language. Waskesiu Lake is by far the most developed lake in the park, and features a variety of recreational facilities along all sides of its shoreline, including camping, golfing, boating, and hiking. The resort village of Waskesiu Lake is on its eastern shore. The Prince Albert National Park Nature Centre is located in the village as well as many other amenities such as lodging, police, a gas station, shopping, and restaurants. Access to the lake is from Highways 263 and 264.
The Meadow Lake Tribal Council (MLTC) is a tribal council representing nine First Nation band governments in the province of Saskatchewan. The council is based in Meadow Lake, Saskatchewan.
Lac la Ronge is a glacial lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is the fifth largest lake in the province and is approximately 250 kilometres (160 mi) north of Prince Albert, on the edge of the Canadian Shield. La Ronge, Air Ronge, and the Lac La Ronge First Nation are on the western shore. The lake is a popular vacation spot. Recreational activities include fishing, boating, canoeing, hiking, and camping.
Doré Lake is a lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan in the basin of the Beaver River. Doré is the French Canadian term for 'walleye'. The lake is north-west of Smoothstone Lake and the Waskesiu Upland in the Mid-Boreal Upland ecozone of Canada and is surrounded by boreal forests. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan's largest city, is about 328 kilometres (204 mi) to the south. The northern village of Dore Lake is located on South Bay and is accessed from Highway 924 and Dore Lake Airport.
Pinehouse is a northern village located in the boreal forest of Saskatchewan on the western shore of Pinehouse Lake within the Canadian Shield.
Auriat Island is a small island within Cree Lake in the northern part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The island is named after Jean Auriat who was a Canadian soldier in the North Shore New Brunswick Regiment during World War II. He was killed in action by shrapnel on 7 June 1944 while attacking a German radar station in Douvres, France.
Ispatinow Island is an island in Cree Lake in the Northern Administration District of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is the largest island on Cree Lake.
Southern Indian Lake is a large lake in northern Manitoba, Canada. It has an area of 2,247 square kilometres (868 sq mi) with a surface elevation of 258 metres (846 ft).
The English River Dene Nation is a Dene First Nation band government in Patuanak, Saskatchewan, Canada. Their reserve is in the northern section of the province. Its territories are in the boreal forest of the Canadian Shield. This First Nation is a member of the Meadow Lake Tribal Council (MLTC).
Lake Athapapuskow is a glacial lake in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada, located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southeast of Flin Flon, Manitoba. The lake is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin and is the source of the Goose River.
Costigan Lake is a lake in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is the source of the Geikie River, which is the primary inflow for the bifurcating Wollaston Lake.
Cold River is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The river's source is Cold Lake, which is a large lake on the provincial border of Saskatchewan and Alberta, and its mouth is at the western end of Lac des Îles in Meadow Lake Provincial Park. It is an east flowing river and the entirety of its course is in Meadow Lake Provincial Park and the boreal forest.
Smoothstone Lake is a lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan along the course of the Smoothstone River. The lake is at the western edge of the Waskesiu Upland in the Mid-Boreal Upland ecozone of Canada and is surrounded by boreal forests. Smoothstone Lake's primary inflow and outflow is the Smoothstone River, which begins in the Waskesiu Upland and ends at Pinehouse Lake of the Churchill River. At the lake's northern end is Selenite Point, Selenite Bay, and the 362.2-hectare (895-acre) Shelter Island. Access to the lake and its amenities is from Highway 917. Highway 929 dead ends near Selenite Bay at the lake's northern end.
Black Bear Island Lake is a lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is a large, irregularly shaped lake along the course of the Churchill River in the Canadian Shield. There are no communities along its shores and there is no road access. The lake is about 61 kilometres (38 mi) east-northeast from the village of Pinehouse. Towards the western end of the lake, near High Rock Narrows, there are Indigenous pictographs.