Crenilepis Temporal range: | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Family: | † Colobodontidae |
Genus: | † Crenilepis Dames, 1888 |
Species: | †C. sandbergeri |
Binomial name | |
†Crenilepis sandbergeri Dames, 1888 | |
Synonyms | |
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Crenilepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived in the seas of present-day Europe during the Middle Triassic epoch. [1] It contains a single species, C. sandbergi from the Anisian of Germany, Spain, and the Besano Formation of the Swiss-Italian border. [2]
Crenilepis was named by German paleontologist Wilhelm Dames in 1888 for a fragment of scales (SNSB-BSPG 2008 LXI 5) from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) Lower Keuper of Würzburg, Bavaria, southern Germany. [3] The genus name was misspelt as "Crenolepis" by Carus (1888), [4] > and some authors (Romer 1966; Gardiner 1967; Carroll 1988; Sepkoski 2002) erroneously believed that Carus's misspelling was a replacement name for Crenilepis. However, Moser (2013) pointed out "Crenolepis" is a misspelling of Crenilepis because Carus (1888) cited Dames' 1888 work and just noted the genus as new. [5] [6] [7] [1] [8] Strand (1929) claimed that Dames' genus was a junior homonym of "Crenilepis Reis, Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. München 1887, fasc. 1. p. 40, t. 5, f. 3 (1887)" and coined Crenilepoides as a replacement name. [9] However, Moser (2013) showed that this citation was in error, as no known works by Otto Maria Reis dealt with Crenilepis and the Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1887 contained no works by Reis at all, rendering Crenilepis technically valid and Crenilepoides an unnecessary replacement name. [8]
The type species of Crenilepis is C. sandbergeri, Sun et al. (2008) considered the type specimen of C. sandbergeri lost and also undiagnostic, [10] but Moser (2013) noted that the holotype is now in the collections of the Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie in Munich. [8] Other species have also been assigned to this genus, including C. divaricatusMutter, 2002 and C. bassaniide Alessandri, 1910, but this is disputed. [2] [10]
Watsonulus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Madagascar. It may have also existed in what is now Himachal Pradesh, India, during the Induan age. The type species, described by Jean Piveteau, is Watsonia eugnathoides. Because "Watsonia" was preoccupied, the new genus name Watsonulus was later erected. The genus is named after David Meredith Seares Watson.
Pericentrophorus is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the early Anisian age of the Middle Triassic epoch in what is now Alsace, France, and Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The type and only species is Pericentrophorus minimus.
Archaeolepidotus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine holostean bony fish that lived during the latest Permian or earliest Triassic in what is now Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy. It contains a single species, A. leonardii. It is among the earliest known fossil neopterygians, and is usually recovered as a semionotiform, but others recover it as a parasemionotiform.
Tripelta is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Anisian age in what is now New South Wales, Australia.
Dictyopyge is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that inhabited eastern North America during the early part of the Late Triassic. Two species are recognized, both from the early Carnian-aged Doswell Formation in what is now Virginia, United States:
Agecephalichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater "palaeonisciform" ray-finned fish that lived during the Anisian age. It contains a single species, A. granulatus from the Hawkesbury Sandstone in what is now New South Wales, Australia.
Aphelolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric ginglymodian bony fish. It contains one species, A. delpi, that lived during the Ladinian age of the Middle Triassic epoch in what is now Franconia, Germany. It is generally considered a semionotiform.
Gigantopterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Carnian stage of the Late Triassic epoch.
Dorsolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the early Anisian age in what is now France (Alsace) and Germany (Baden-Württemberg). Fossils were found in the Grès à Voltzia in Alsace and in the Buntsandstein in Baden-Württemberg.
Caruichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch. It contains a single species, Caruichthys ornatus, known from what is now South Africa. It is known from a single specimen, which was collected from the middle Beaufort Series of Doorn River.
Chrotichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived in the Anisian stage of the Middle Triassic epoch. It contains a single species, C. gregarius, known from the Terrigal Formation of New South Wales, Australia.
Luganoia is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Anisian and Ladinian ages of the Middle Triassic epoch. Fossils were recovered from the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio and Besano area and from the Zhuganpo Member of Guizhou, South China. It was also reported from the Ladinian of Spain.
Besania is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived during the Anisian and Ladinian ages of the Middle Triassic epoch in what is now southern/southeastern Switzerland and northern Italy. Fossils were recovered from the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio area and the Prosanto Formation of canton Graubünden, Switzerland.
Ctenognathichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived during the Middle Triassic epoch of Europe, in the former Tethys Ocean.
Colobodus is an extinct genus of marine Triassic ray-finned fish of the family Colobodontidae and order Perleidiformes. Fossils have been found in Europe and China, encompassing the former Tethys Ocean. It could reach body lengths of about 70 cm.
Dipteronotus is an extinct genus of marine stem-neopterygian ray-finned fish that existed during the Middle and Late Triassic epochs in what is now Europe and possibly Morocco. As a typical feature, it had several ridge scales in front of its dorsal fin that created a spine-like structure.
Gardinerichthys is an extinct genus of freshwater actinopterygian bony fish from the Cisuralian epoch of Germany, and the middle Permian of India. The type species, G. latus, was discovered in Asselian aged layers (Rotliegend).
Meridensia is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Anisian and Ladinian ages of the Middle Triassic epoch in what is now southern Switzerland and northern Italy. Fossils were recovered from the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio and Besano area at the Swiss-Italian boundary.
Placopleurus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish from the Middle Triassic epoch of Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland.
Perleidiformes are an extinct order of prehistoric ray-finned fish from the Triassic period Although numerous Triassic taxa have been referred to Perleidiformes, which ones should be included for it to form a monophyletic group is a matter of ongoing scientific debate.