Dictyopyge Temporal range: | |
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Specimen of D. macrura | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | † Redfieldiiformes |
Family: | † Redfieldiidae |
Genus: | † Dictyopyge Egerton, 1847 |
Species [1] | |
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Synonyms [2] | |
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Dictyopyge is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that inhabited eastern North America during the early part of the Late Triassic. [1] Two species are recognized, both from the early Carnian-aged Doswell Formation in what is now Virginia, United States: [3] [4]
Both species inhabited the rift lakes of the Newark Supergroup, which formed due to the tectonic changes that were starting to break up Pangaea. [3]
Several possibly unrelated species from the Triassic of Europe are provisionally referred to Dictyopyge ("D." rhenana, "D." socialis, "D." catoptera, "D." superstes), while three species from the Middle Triassic of Australia previously referred to Dictyopyge have been tentatively reallocated to the genus Brookvalia . [5]
Birgeria is a genus of carnivorous marine ray-finned fish from the Triassic period. Birgeria had a global distribution, with fossil known from Madagascar, Spitsbergen, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Slovenia, China, Russia, Canada and Nevada, United States. The oldest fossils are from Griesbachian aged beds of the Wordie Creek Formation of East Greenland. Birgeria existed throughout the entire Triassic period, from the very beginning just after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, up to the very end with its extinction during the Triassic-Jurassic mass extinction.
Diplurus is a genus of prehistoric mawsoniid coelacanth fish which lived during the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic period in North America. The fossils of this genus are common on the eastern North American Margin, being a key taxon of the Newark Supergroup, and recovered from units such as the Bull Run Formation, Lockatong Formation, Stockton Formation, Solite Quarry, Midland Formation, East Berlin Formation, Boonton Formation and the Portland Formation. Three species are know, the type D. longicaudatus, the youngest and biggest, D. newarki, the oldest, followed then by "D. uddeni" (Eastman), also from older rocks and considered dubious. A recent work has recovered a 3rd or 4th species, D. enigmaticus, from the Late Triassic of New Jersey, representing another small-bodied form living in sympatry with the similarly sized D. newarki. This genus ranges in size from 15 cm of D. newarki and D. enigmaticus in New Jersey to the larger 60 cm specimens of Diplurus longicaudatus found in the Connecticut River Valley, which indicates a considerable growth and likely a change in the ecological position of the genus to a possible apex predatory niche.
Axelia is an extinct genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish, which belonged to the family of Coelacanthidae. It lived during the Smithian age of the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Fossils were found in the "Fish Niveau" of the Lusitaniadalen Member of the Vikinghøgda Formation.
Atopocephala is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Middle Triassic epoch. It contains a single species, A. watsoni from the Karoo Supergroup of South Africa. A potential indeterminate species was known from the Timezgadiouine Formation of Morocco, but is now considered an indeterminate actinopterygian.
Archaeolepidotus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine holostean bony fish that lived during the latest Permian or earliest Triassic in what is now Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy. It contains a single species, A. leonardii. It is among the earliest known fossil neopterygians, and is usually recovered as a semionotiform, but others recover it as a parasemionotiform.
Australosomus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now Greenland, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar, South Africa and Canada.
Daedalichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater ray-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch. It contains a single species, D. formosa from the Olenekian-aged Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of South Africa. It was previously classified in Dictyopyge.
Euscolosuchus is an extinct genus of suchian archosaurs from the Late Triassic of Virginia. It is probably an aetosauriform, as the sister taxon to Acaenasuchus and a relative of aetosaurs.
Rhabdolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Asselian age of the Cisuralian epoch in what is now Germany and France (Burgundy).
Sassenia is an extinct genus of prehistoric coelacanth lobe-finned fish that lived during the Early Triassic epoch in what is now East Greenland and Svalbard.
Acentrophorus is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater and marine ray-finned fish from the Roadian to the Wuchiapingian of England, Germany (Kupferschiefer), Italy and Russia. There may also be a Triassic occurrence in Australia.
Bobasatrania is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that survived the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Fossils of Bobasatrania were found in beds of Changhsingian to Ladinian age. It was most speciose during the Early Triassic.
Boreolepis is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish that lived from the Late Kungurian to the Wuchiapingian of the Permian period. It inhabited the high northern latitudes in what is now Greenland and European Russia.
Colobodus is an extinct genus of marine Triassic ray-finned fish of the family Colobodontidae and order Perleidiformes. Fossils have been found in Europe and China, encompassing the former Tethys Ocean. It could reach body lengths of about 70 cm.
Gardinerichthys is an extinct genus of freshwater actinopterygian bony fish from the Cisuralian epoch of Germany, and the middle Permian of India. The type species, G. latus, was discovered in Asselian aged layers (Rotliegend).
Prohalecites is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Ladinian and possibly Carnian (Triassic) of Italy. It is the oldest known teleosteomorph, a group that includes extant teleosts and their close fossil relatives.
Korutichthys is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine bony fish that lived during the Lopingian epoch in what is now Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It was first referred to the family Amblypteridae, a view that was later questioned.
The Doswell Formation is a geologic unit of Upper Triassic age, part of the Newark Supergroup. The Doswell Formation was originally named to refer to a geological sequence which forms the lower part of the sedimentary fill of the Taylorsville Basin in Virginia and Maryland. This sequence was deposited by lakes and rivers in the developing rift basin. A 2016 study argued that several geological layers in Pennsylvania as well as the neighboring Richmond Basin of Virginia also qualified as components of the Doswell Formation.
The Midland Formation is a Mesozoic geological formation in the Culpeper Basin of Virginia. It is a sedimentary unit which formed in a short period of time between the first two basalt flows in the basin: the Hickory Grove and Mount Zion Church basalts. The most common rocks in the formation are dark reddish interbedded sandstones and siltstones, representative of fluvial (stream) environments. Rare but fossiliferous calcareous shale and limestone also occurs, representing recurring lacustrine (lake) conditions. The Midland Formation is considered equivalent to the Shuttle Meadow Formation of the Hartford Basin, the Feltville Formation of the Newark Basin, and the Bendersville Formation of the Gettysburg Basin. Some sources prefer to classify the Midland Formation as part of the Shuttle Meadow Formation.
Turseodus is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish found in Late Triassic freshwater sediments of the United States. Two species have been described, T. acutus from the Lockatong Formation of Pennsylvania, and T. dolorensis from the Chinle Formation of Colorado.