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Irish, or Gaelic, also sometimes known outside Ireland as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language family, which is a part of the Indo-European language family. Irish is indigenous to the island of Ireland and was the population's first language until the 19th century, when English gradually became dominant, particularly in the last decades of the century. Today, Irish is still commonly spoken as a first language in areas of Ireland collectively known as the Gaeltacht, in which only 2% of Ireland's population lived in 2016. It is also spoken by a larger group of habitual but non-traditional speakers, mostly in urban areas where the majority are second-language speakers. From 2006 to 2008, over 22,000 Irish Americans reported speaking Irish as their first language at home, with several times that number claiming "some knowledge" of the language.
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Translations of the Bible into Irish were first printed and published in the 17th century: the New Testament, the Tiomna Nuadh, in 1602, the Old Testament, the Sean Thiomna, in 1685, and the entire Bible, the Biobla in 1690.
An Cumann Gaelach is the Irish language and culture society in Trinity College Dublin. Established in 1907 by Ireland's first president Dubhghlas de hÍde, the society is among the largest societies in Trinity College, and one of the largest Cumann Gaelach student groups in the country.
The Philo-Celtic Society is a North American society founded as part of the Gaelic revival in 1873. Its aims are the promotion of the Irish language as a living tongue in America and throughout the world, and the re-establishment of Irish as the spoken language of Ireland with English as a supplement.
An Gael is a quarterly literary magazine in the Irish language, published in the United States on behalf of the Philo-Celtic Society. It describes itself as international and was established in 2009 by Séamas Ó Neachtain, who is its editor. The magazine is based in New York City.
Lil Nic Dhonnchadha was an Irish language scholar and language activist.
Risteárd Ó Glaisne was a Methodist Irish language activist, teacher and writer.
References
- ↑ "About us". www.gaeleaglais.ie. CUMANN GAELACH NA hEAGLAISE. 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ↑ "Bilingual Services Book Launched by Cumann Gaelach na hEaglaise". www.ireland.anglican.org. Church of Ireland. 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
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