Cystiscus

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Cystiscus
Cystiscus yasawaensis.jpg
Cystiscus yasawaensis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Family: Cystiscidae
Subfamily: Cystiscinae
Genus: Cystiscus
Stimpson, 1865 [1]
Type species
Cystiscus capensis
Stimpson, 1865 [1]
Synonyms

Cystiscus is a taxonomic genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks.

Contents

This genus was placed in the family Cystiscidae by Coovert and Coovert, 1995. Previously the genus was in the family Marginellidae, where it is still placed by many other malacologists.

Diagnosis

Shell minute to small, white, hyaline; spire immersed to low; lip thickened, smooth or weakly denticulate; external varix absent; siphonal notch absent; posterior notch absent; lacking collabral parietal callus ridge; columella multiplicate, with combined usually 2 to 8 plications plus parietal lirae, first plication usually strong and raised. Mantle smooth, at least partially extending over external shell surface.

Shell description

Shell minute to small (adult length 1 to 6 mm (0.039 to 0.236 in)). Color white, hyaline; surface smooth, glossy. Shape usually elliptic, obovate, or subtriangular; weakly shouldered. Spire completely immersed to low. Aperture narrow to broad, usually wider anteriorly. Lip slightly to distinctly thickened, flared posteriorly in some species, smooth on inside edge to weakly denticulate, lacking lirae, external varix absent. Shell lacking a siphonal notch and posterior notch. Shell with weak parietal callus wash or weak parietal callus deposits in some species, but lacking collabral parietal callus ridge. Columella multiplicate, with combined total 2 to 8 plications plus parietal lirae, rarely to 17 in which the posteriormost are denticles; one species with only 1 plication. Plications usually occupying less than half the length of the aperture, but most of the aperture in some. Plications excavated just inside aperture in a few species, usually evenly rounded, first plication usually raised and very strong. Shell with cystiscid internal whorls.

Animal anatomy

Internal: Unknown
External: Animal with eyes at side of head, usually on lateral swelling; mantle smooth, at least partially extending onto external shell surface, in some species nearly covering shell; foot relatively narrow, about as wide as shell length; head and mantle usually uniformly colored, often bright red, orange, or yellow, or brown, or black, internal mantle color pattern often showing through translucent shell.
Radula: Uniserial, ribbon long, narrow, composed of 80-209 plates. Rachidian plates overlapping, narrow, moderately to strong arched, with 6-14 sharp cusps on posterior edge, the central cusp usually the strongest. The anterior edge of the rachidian plate is strongly concave, resulting in U- or V-shaped plates.

Habitat

Intertidal to 370 m (1,210 ft).

Fossil record

Eocene of France and Alabama, upper Oligogene and Miocene of Western Atlantic, to Recent.

Remarks

The two halves of the head are capable of closing together at will, thus appearing unsplit. The long siphon usually distinguishes this group from Gibberula. The shell of Persicula is usually patterned, often has a distinct external varix, and the spire is usually immersed. These conchological features serve to separate the two groups.

Species

Cystiscus contains the following accepted species: [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Gibberula</i> Genus of sea snails

Gibberula is a genus of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae, previously placed in the family Marginellidae, the margin shells or marginellids.

<i>Granulina</i> Genus of gastropods

Granulina is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Granulinidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cystiscidae</span> Family of sea snails

Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks.

<i>Plesiocystiscus</i> Genus of gastropods

Plesiocystiscus is a genus of minute predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs or micromolluscs in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Crithe</i> Genus of gastropods

Crithe is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Cystiscidae. This genus is sometimes still placed within the Marginellidae.

<i>Persicula</i> Genus of gastropods

Persicula is a taxonomic genus of minute to small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. It includes several species which are micromollusks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plesiocystiscinae</span> Subfamily of gastropods

Plesiocystiscinae is a subfamily of minute sea predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the infraorder Neogastropoda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cystiscinae</span> Subfamily of gastropods

Cystiscinae are a taxonomic subfamily of minute sea snails. These are marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Cystiscidae, and the clade Neogastropoda.

<i>Cystiscus beqae</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus beqae is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus deeae</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus deeae is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus garretti</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus garretti is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus havannensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus havannensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus maloloensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus maloloensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus maskelynensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus maskelynensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus matoensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus matoensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus pusillus</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus pusillus is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus vavauensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus vavauensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus vitiensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus vitiensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Cystiscus yasawaensis</i> Species of gastropod

Cystiscus yasawaensis is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.

<i>Ovaginella</i> Genus of gastropods

Ovaginella is a genus of marginellid minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Austroginellinae of the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

References

  1. 1 2 Stimpson, W. (1865). "On certain genera and families of zoophagous gasteropods". American Journal of Conchology. 1: 55–64, pl. 8–9. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  2. ↑ "Cystiscus". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 2018-12-17.
  3. ↑ Crosse, Joseph Charles Hippolyte (1870). "Diagnoses molluscorum novorum". Journal de Conchyliologie. 18: 301–304. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  4. ↑ Tomlin, John Read le Brockton (1918). "Descriptions of three new species of Marginella from South Africa, with a note on M. sutoris Dunker". Journal of Conchology. 15: 306–307, pl. 10.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Boyer, F. (2003). "The Cystiscidae (Caenogastropoda) from upper reef formations of New Caledonia". Iberus. 21 (1): 241–272. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Wakefield, A.; McCleery, T. (2006). "Descriptions of new species of Pacific Cystiscus Stimpson, 1865 (Gastropoda : Cystiscidae). Part 1: species with banded mantle patterns". Novapex (Hors-série 4). 7: 1–31.
  7. ↑ Bavay, A. (1917). "Quelques coquilles des sables littoraux de divers pays". Journal de Conchyliologie. 63: 91–114. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  8. 1 2 3 Wakefield, A.; McCleery, T. "Three new species of Cystiscus Stimpson, 1865 (Gastropoda: Cystiscidae) from the Tuamotu Archipelago". Novapex. 6 (1–2): 19–30. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  9. 1 2 May, W.L. (1911). "New marine Mollusca". Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. 1910: 380–398, pls 13–15. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
  10. ↑ Tate, R.; May, W.L. (1900). "Descriptions of new genera and species of Australian Mollusca (chiefly Tasmanian)". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 24 (2): 90–103. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
  11. 1 2 Pritchard, G.B.; Gatliff, J. H. (1899). "On some new species of Victorian Mollusca". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. New Series. 11 (2): 179–184, pl. 20. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  12. 1 2 3 May, W.L. (1915). "Additions to the Tasmanian marine Mollusca, with descriptions of new species". Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania for the Year. 1915: 75–99, pls 1–8. doi: 10.5962/bhl.part.12849 . Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Boyer, F. (2018). "Révision des gastéropodes marginelliformes dans le récifal supérieur des Maldives". Xenophora Taxonomy. 21: 22–47, figs 86–93.
  14. 1 2 Lussi, M.; Smith, G. (1998). "Family Cystiscidae Stimpson, 1865. Revision of the family Cystiscidae in South Africa with the introduction of three genera and the description of eight new species". Malacologia Mostra Mondiale. 27: 3–23.
  15. ↑ May, W.L. (1922) New species of fossil shells from Table Cape. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 1921, 9–12, pl. 4.
  16. ↑ Boyer, F. (2004). "Description of a new Cystiscus (Gastropoda: Cystiscidae) from the Mascarene Islands". Journal of Conchology. 38 (4): 355–361.
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