| Dalmanitidae Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dalmanites limulurus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | † Trilobita |
| Order: | † Phacopida |
| Superfamily: | † Dalmanitoidea |
| Family: | † Dalmanitidae Vogdes, 1890 |
| Genera [1] | |
| |
Dalmanitidae is a family of trilobites in the order Phacopida that lived from the Floian (Ordovician) to the Devonian and includes 33 genera. [2]
Trilobites are a group of extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita. Trilobites form one of the earliest-known groups of arthropods. The first appearance of trilobites in the fossil record defines the base of the Atdabanian stage of the Early Cambrian period, and they flourished throughout the lower Paleozoic before slipping into a long decline, when, during the Devonian, all trilobite orders except the Proetida died out. The last extant trilobites finally disappeared in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian about 252 million years ago. Trilobites were among the most successful of all early animals, existing in oceans for almost 270 million years, with over 20,000 species having been described.
Redlichiida is an order of trilobites, a group of extinct marine arthropods. Species assigned to the order Redlichiida are among the first trilobites to appear in the fossil record, about halfway during the Lower Cambrian. Due to the difficulty to relate sediments in different areas, there remains some discussion, but among the earliest are Fallotaspis, and Lemdadella, both belonging to this order. The first representatives of the orders Corynexochida and Ptychopariida also appear very early on and may prove to be even earlier than any redlichiid species. In terms of anatomical comparison, the earliest redlichiid species are probably ancestral to all other trilobite orders and share many primitive characters. The last redlichiid trilobites died out before the end of the Middle Cambrian.
The Phacopina comprise a suborder of the trilobite order Phacopida. Species belonging to the Phacopina lived from the Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) through the end of the Upper Devonian (Famennian). The one unique feature that distinguishes Phacopina from all other trilobites are the very large, separately set lenses without a common cornea of the compound eye.
Arachnomorpha is a subdivision or clade of Arthropoda, comprising the monophyletic group formed by the trilobites, other great appendage arthropods and trilobite-like families, and a diverse sister clade including the chelicerates. Great debate is held on the position of the Pycnogonida, which are currently thought not to be placed in the immediate vicinity of the Chelicerata. Arachnomorpha are considered the sister group to the crustaceans, which are increasingly being accepted as members of the mandibulate clade.
Huntoniatonia is genus of trilobites, an extinct group of marine arthropods of average to large size.
Kainops is a genus of trilobites from the family Phacopidae, order Phacopida. It can be distinguished from Paciphacops by the greater number of facets to the eye. The form of the furrow between the palpebral area and the palpebral lobe also distinguishes Kainops from the genera Paciphacops and Viaphacops.
Holochroal eyes are compound eyes with many tiny lenses. They are the oldest and most common type of trilobite eye, and found in all orders of trilobite from the Cambrian to the Permian periods. Lenses covered a curved, kidney-shaped visual surface in a hexagonal close packing system, with a single corneal membrane covering all lenses. Unlike in schizochroal eyes, adjacent lenses were in direct contact with one another. Lens shape generally depended on cuticle thickness. The lenses of trilobites with thin cuticles were thin and biconvex, whereas those with thick cuticles had thick lenses, which in extreme cases, could be thick columns with the outer surface flattened and the inner surface hemispherical. Regardless of lens thickness, however, the point at which light was focused was roughly the same distance below the lens.
Fenestraspis is an extinct genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida from the Upper Pragian and Lower Emsian. Fenestraspis is unusual because of the development of extensive fenestrae in the posterior part of the body and apparently of the thorax, the presence of upwardly directed spines on the cephalon, thorax and pygidium, and the exceptionally large and highly elevated eyes.
Francovichia is a trilobite in the order Phacopida, that existed during the lower Devonian in what is now Bolivia. It was described by Branisa and Vanek in 1973, and the type species is Francovichia branisi, which was originally described under the genus Odontochile by Wolfart in 1968. It also contains the species, F. clarkei. The type locality was the Belén Formation.
Furacopyge is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the lower Devonian in what is now Spain. It was described by Arbizu in 1978, and the type species is Furacopyge progenitor. The type locality was Complejo de Ranaces.
Gamonedaspis is a trilobite in the order Phacopida, that existed during the lower Devonian in what is now Bolivia. It was described by Branisa and Vanek in 1973, and the type species is Gamonedaspis scutata. The type locality was the Belén Formation.
Glyptambon is an extinct genus of Silurian trilobite in the order Phacopida. It is a member of the family Dalmanitidae and the subfamily Dalmanitinae, although it has been classified in the related Ordovician subfamily Mucronaspidinae. The type species G. verrucosus was previously placed in Dalmania and later in Dalmanites. Because this species was considered distinct from other Dalmania and Dalmanites species, the new genus Glyptambon was erected for it in 1981.G. amsdeni and G. gassi were named in 1991 from Tennessee and Illinois, respectively.
Guichenia is a trilobite in the order Phacopida, that existed during the middle Ordovician in what is now France. It was described by Henry in 1968, and the type species is Guichenia dufouri, which was originally described under the genus Dalmanites by Tromelin and Lebesconte in 1876. The type locality was the Calymènes Shale, in Loire-Atlantique.
Bessazoon is an extinct genus of trilobite in the family Dalmanitidae. There is one described species in Bessazoon, B. gibbae.
Dalmanitina is an extinct genus of trilobite in the family Dalmanitidae. There are about seven described species in Dalmanitina.
Cybele bellatula is the fossil of an extinct trilobite from the Lower Ordovician. The genus was named after Cybele, the ancient Oriental and Greco-Roman goddess representing Gaia, the deified Earth Mother. The specific name means 'pretty, little' and is used as a term of endearment.
The hypostome is the hard mouthpart of trilobites found on the ventral side of the cephalon (head). The hypostome can be classified into three types based on whether they are permanently attached to the rostrum or not and whether they are aligned to the anterior dorsal tip of the glabella.
Odontochile is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, family Dalmanitidae.
Eodiscina is trilobite suborder. The Eodiscina first developed near the end of the Lower Cambrian period and became extinct at the end of the Middle Cambrian. Species are tiny to small, and have a thorax of two or three segments. Eodiscina includes six families classified under one superfamily, Eodiscoidea.
Kazachstania may refer to:
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