Desmodium paniculatum

Last updated

Desmodium paniculatum
Panicled ticktrefoil2.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Genus: Desmodium
Species:
D. paniculatum
Binomial name
Desmodium paniculatum
Synonyms [3]
Homotypic synonyms
    • Hedysarum paniculatumL.
    • Meibomia paniculata(L.) Kuntze
    • Pleurolobus paniculatus(L.) MacMill.
Heterotypic synonyms
    • Desmodium dichromumShinners
    • Desmodium paniculatum var. angustifoliumTorr. & A.Gray
    • Desmodium paniculatum var. epetiolatumB.G.Schub.
    • Desmodium paniculatum var. pubensTorr. & A.Gray
    • Desmodium paniculatum var. typicumB.G.Schub.
    • Desmodium pubens(Torr. & A.Gray) M.J.Young
    • Hedysarum paniculatum var. obtusumDesv.
    • Meibomia chapmanii(Britton) Small
    • Meibomia paniculata var. angustifolia(Torr. & A.Gray) Vail
    • Meibomia paniculata var. chapmaniiBritton
    • Meibomia paniculata var. obtusa(Desv.) Schindl.
    • Meibomia paniculata var. pubens(Torr. & A.Gray) Vail
    • Meibomia pubens(Torr. & A.Gray) Rydb.

Desmodium paniculatum, the panicled-leaf ticktrefoil, narrow-leaf tick-trefoil or panicled tickclover, is a perennial herb in the pea family, Fabaceae. Belonging to a nearly cosmopolitan genus, the panicled-leaf ticktrefoil is a common native to Eastern North America, ranging from Quebec to Florida and as far West as Texas, Nebraska, and Ontario. [4] [5] [6] The sticky loment can be found in disturbed areas that receive plenty of light, such as roadsides, parks, and abandoned fields. [7]

Contents

Description

Desmodium paniculatum grows to 3 feet tall in an erect and spreading habit with alternate, pinnately-trifoliolate leaves. The leaves are lanceolate to oblong and are usually 2 to 10 times as long as wide. [7] [8] The pedicels are around 1 cm. [8] The flowers of the paniculate inflorescence are light pinkish to lavender and appear June through September. The sticky loments that many people find attached to their shoes and pants are arranged in a row of 2-6 superiorly sinuate and inferiorly triangular segments and appear August–October. [5] [7] [8]

Taxonomy

Desmodium paniculatum was first described as Hedysarum paniculatum by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1753. [9] [10] In 1825, the Swiss botanist Augustin de Candolle placed Hedysarum paniculatumL. in genus Desmodium, [2] and so Hedysarum paniculatum is a basionym for Desmodium paniculatum(L.) DC. [3]

Desmodium paniculatum is a member of the Desmodium paniculatum complex, a group of closely related taxa that includes Desmodium paniculatum sensu stricto , Desmodium glabellum , Desmodium perplexum , and Desmodium fernaldii . [11] Alternatively, some botanists lump the taxa into a single polymorphic species, Desmodium paniculatum sensu lato , [12] [13] in which case the taxa become synonyms or varieties of Desmodium paniculatum.

Uses

While this species hasn't been tested for medically or commercially beneficial compounds like other species of Desmodium, studies have shown the value of this species, as well as other legumes, as a native forage for pasture use. [14] While not as easily digestable and protein-rich as some non-native legumes and grasses, the panicled-leaf ticktrefoil can be a good source of protein-based fodder for livestock during the warmer months of the year. [15]

Related Research Articles

<i>Circaea</i> Genus of flowering plants in the willowherb family Onagraceae

The Circaea, or enchanter's nightshades, are a genus of flowering plants in the evening primrose family Onagraceae. About two dozen taxa have been described, including eight species. Plants of the genus occur throughout the temperate and boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere. Three taxa occur in North America: Circaea alpina, Circaea canadensis, and the hybrid Circaea × sterilis. The generic name Circaea refers to the enchantress Circe from Greek mythology who is said to have used the herb as a charm.

<i>Vachellia farnesiana</i> Species of plant

Vachellia farnesiana, also known as Acacia farnesiana, and previously Mimosa farnesiana, commonly known as sweet acacia, huisache, or needle bush, is a species of shrub or small tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. Its flowers are used in the perfume industry.

<i>Heracleum sphondylium</i> Species of flowering plant in the celery family Apiaceae

Heracleum sphondylium, commonly known as hogweed or common hogweed, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the carrot family Apiaceae, which includes fennel, cow parsley, ground elder and giant hogweed. It is native to most of Europe, western Asia and northern Africa, but is introduced in North America and elsewhere. Other common names include cow parsnip or eltrot. The flowers provide a great deal of nectar for pollinators.

<i>Desmodium</i> Genus of legumes

Desmodium is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae, sometimes called tick-trefoil, tick clover, hitch hikers or beggar lice. There are dozens of species and the delimitation of the genus has shifted much over time. Species are distributed widely – from Quebec to northern Argentina in the Americas, across northern and southern tropical Africa, in the southern Arabian Peninsula, in Myanmar and Thailand, New Guinea, and northern and eastern Australia.

<i>Tiarella cordifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Tiarella cordifolia, the heart-leaved foamflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae. The specific name cordifolia means "with heart-shaped leaves", a characteristic shared by all taxa of Tiarella in eastern North America. It is also referred to as Allegheny foamflower, false miterwort, and coolwort.

<i>Tiarella</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae

Tiarella, the foamflowers, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae. The generic name Tiarella means "little turban", which suggests the shape of the seed capsules. Worldwide there are seven species, one each in eastern Asia and western North America, plus five species in eastern North America. As of October 2022, the taxonomy of Tiarella in eastern North America is in flux.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Loment</span>

A loment is a type of dehiscent legume fruit that breaks apart at constrictions occurring between segments, so that each segment contains only one seed. It is a type of schizocarp.

<i>Tiarella trifoliata</i> Species of flowering plant

Tiarella trifoliata, the three-leaf foamflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Saxifragaceae. The specific name trifoliata means "having three leaflets", a characteristic of two of the three recognized varieties. Also known as the laceflower or sugar-scoop, the species is found in shaded, moist woods in western North America.

<i>Hylodesmum</i> Genus of legumes

Hylodesmum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, sometimes called ticktrefoils or tick-trefoils. It is sometimes treated as part of Desmodium. It includes 16 species native to eastern North America, sub-Saharan Africa, Yemen, south, southeast, and eastern Asia, Malesia, and New Guinea.

<i>Orbexilum</i> Genus of plants

Orbexilum, commonly called leather-root, is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family (Fabaceae). They are native to North America, where they are found in the United States and Mexico, south to Chiapas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inverted repeat-lacking clade</span> Group of flowering plants

The inverted repeat-lacking clade(IRLC) is a monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionaceae). Faboideae includes the majority of agriculturally-cultivated legumes. The name of this clade is informal and is not assumed to have any particular taxonomic rank like the names authorized by the ICBN or the ICPN. The clade is characterized by the loss of one of the two 25-kb inverted repeats in the plastid genome that are found in most land plants. It is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies. The clade is predicted to have diverged from the other legume lineages 39.0±2.4 million years ago (in the Eocene). It includes several large, temperate genera such as AstragalusL., HedysarumL., MedicagoL., OxytropisDC., SwainsonaSalisb., and TrifoliumL..

<i>Desmodium glabellum</i> Species of legume

Desmodium glabellum is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is native to the eastern and central United States. It is commonly called Dillenius' tick-trefoil in honor of Johann Dillenius, a British botanist of German birth. It is also known as the tall tick-trefoil.

Adesmia muricata is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. It was originally described in 1794 as Hedysarum muricatumJacq.. It is native to Peru and Uruguay.

<i>Androsace vitaliana</i> Species of flowering plant

Androsace vitaliana is a species of plant in the primrose family, Primulaceae. It was previously known by the synonym Vitaliana primuliflora. Native to the high mountains of Europe, it is cultivated as an alpine garden plant, being considered easy to grow in well drained soil in a sunny position.

<i>Hylodesmum glutinosum</i> Species of legume

Hylodesmum glutinosum is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. Common names include large tick-trefoil, clustered-leaved tick-trefoil, large-flowered tick-clover, pointed tick-trefoil, beggar's lice and pointed-leaved tick-trefoil. It occurs in eastern Canada, the central and eastern United States, and northeastern Mexico.

<i>Desmodium tweedyi</i> Species of legume

Desmodium tweedyi is an herbaceous flowering plant in the pea family native to northern Texas and southern Oklahoma popularly known as "Tweedy's ticktrefoil" or "tick-clover." The legume or seed pod it produces has given the species its common names from its ability to cling to clothing. Along with other species in the Desmodium genus, D. tweedyi has become a candidate for soil enrichment, suppression of insect pests, mulch and green manure production, and making "good fodder for animals including bobwhite, turkey, grouse, deer, cattle and goats."

<i>Symphyotrichum turneri</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to Mexico

Symphyotrichum turneri is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae native to Durango, Mexico.

<i>Desmodium tortuosum</i> Species of plant in the family Fabaceae

Desmodium tortuosum, the twisted tick trefoil, dixie tick trefoil, tall tick clover, Florida beggarweed, and giant beggar weed, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Latin America, and widely introduced as a forage to much of the rest of the world's subtropics and tropics.

Desmodium perplexum is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is native to eastern North America. The specific name perplexum refers to the confusion surrounding this species since its initial description in 1950.

Desmodium fernaldii is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to the southeastern United States.

References

  1. "Desmodium paniculatum". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  2. 1 2 "Desmodium paniculatum(L.) DC.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens . Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  3. 1 2 "Desmodium paniculatum(L.) DC.". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  4. "Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC". USDA. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
  5. 1 2 "Desmodium paniculatum". Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
  6. Isely, Duane (January 1951). "Desmodium: Section Podocarpium Benth". Brittonia. 7 (3): 185–224. doi:10.2307/2804705. JSTOR   2804705. S2CID   41450344.
  7. 1 2 3 Weakley, Alan S. (Nov 2012). Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States (PDF). Chapel Hill, NC, USA: The University of North Carolina Herbarium. p. 862. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 5 Oct 2014.
  8. 1 2 3 Woods, Michael (March 2008). "The Genera Desmodium and Hylodesmum (Fabaceae) in Alabama". Castanea. 73: 46–69. doi:10.2179/07-9.1. S2CID   86491643.
  9. "Hedysarum paniculatum(L.) DC.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens . Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  10. Linnaeus (1753), vol. 2, p. 749.
  11. Thomas (2020), pp. 29–30.
  12. Ohashi, Hiroyoshi (June 2013). "New combinations in North American Desmodium (Leguminosae: Tribe Desmodieae)". The Journal of Japanese Botany. 88 (3): 166–175. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  13. JIN, Dong-Pil; KIM, Jung-Hyun; SIM, Sunhee; SUH, Hwa-Jung; KIM, Jin-Seok (2021). "New record of an alien plant, Desmodium paniculatum (Fabaceae), in Korea based on a morphological examination and DNA barcoding". Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy. 51 (2): 133–140. doi: 10.11110/kjpt.2021.51.2.133 .
  14. Posler, G.; Lenssen, A.; Fine, G. (1993). "Forage Yield, Quality, Compatibility, and Persistence of Warm-Season Grass-Legume Mixtures". Agronomy Journal. 85 (3): 554–560. doi:10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030007x. S2CID   85092737.
  15. Mcgraw, Robert; Shockley, Floyd (2004). Thompson, John; Roberts, Craig. "Evaluation of Native Legume Species for Forage Yield, Quality, and Seed Production". Native Plants Journal. 5 (2): 152–159. doi: 10.2979/NPJ.2004.5.2.152 . S2CID   85959047.

Bibliography