Devillea tuberculata

Last updated

Devillea tuberculata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Diplopoda
Order: Polydesmida
Family: Xystodesmidae
Genus: Devillea
Species:
D. tuberculata
Binomial name
Devillea tuberculata
Brölemann, 1902

Devilliea tuberculata is a species of flat-backed millipedes in the family Xystodesmidae. [1] Like other members of the genus Devillea , this species is limited to caves. [2] This millipede has been found in several caves in the Alpes-Maritimes department of France. [3] This species is notable as the first millipede in the order Polydesmida found to feature more than the 20 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last) usually found in this order. [4] [5] [6]

Contents

Discovery

The French myriapodologist Henri W. Brölemann first described this species in 1902 as the type species for the newly created genus Devilliea. [4] The original descriptions of this genus and this species are based on multiple specimens, including both adult and immature specimens of each sex, collected from caves near Tourettes-sur-Loup and in Saint-Jeannet near Vence, both in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region of southern France in the Maritime Alps. [4] [7] Brölemann named the genus Devillea for M.J. Sainte-Claire Deville, who collected these specimens. [4]

Description

Adult males of this species have 21 segments, and adult females have 22. [4] The adult female has two more segments and consequently four more pairs of legs than usually observed in the order Polydesmida. [5] [8] Thus, the adult female has 35 leg pairs. [4] The adult male has one more segment and two more leg pairs than usual for this order. [5] [8] Thus, the adult male has 32 leg pairs (excluding the eighth pair, which becomes a pair of gonopods). [4] [5] [6] Little is known about the post-embryonic development of millipedes in this species, but authorities believe that this species goes through the stages of anamorphosis usually observed in the order Polydesmida, then reaches a greater number of segments through additional molts, adding one segment per molt. [5] [2]

Like other members of the genus Devillea, this species is very small and features an exoskeleton highly sculptured with tubercles. [9] This species has no pigmentation and reaches only 8 mm in length and 0.6 mm in width. [10] [3] The head is very broad and densely covered with setae. [10] The antennae are short and slightly clavate, and the legs are also quite short. [4]

The body segments resemble a string of beads. The collum is narrower than the head, only slightly more than half as wide, and features eleven tubercles: two pairs on the anterior margin, a pair in each corner of the posterior margin (each pair including one larger and one smaller tubercle), and three small tubercles on the posterior margin. The tergites of the second, third, and fourth segments each feature four large tubercles in a transverse row. The internal pair are simple, conical, and rounded. The outer pair are more cylindrical and are crowned with three or four protuberances. [4] [10]

An outer pair of tubercles appear on all segments but the last. Starting with the fifth segment, each segment in front of the telson also features two pairs of less prominent dorsal tubercles, one pair behind the other. The sternites are long and narrow and feature cross-shaped depressions in which the transverse groove is deeper. The telson is narrower than the penultimate segment and gradually narrows to a truncated tip. The dorsal surface of the telson has no large tubercles, instead featuring several pairs of smaller protuberances crowned with setae. [4] [10]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polydesmida</span> Order of millipedes

Polydesmida is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This order is also the most diverse of the millipede orders in terms of morphology. Millipedes in this order are found in all regions of the world other than Antarctica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xystodesmidae</span> Family of millipedes

Xystodesmidae is a family of millipedes in the suborder Leptodesmidea within the order Polydesmida. The family Xystodesmidae was created by the American biologist Orator F. Cook in 1895 and named after the genus Xystodesmus. This family includes more than 390 known species distributed among 62 genera. Many species, however, remain undescribed: for example, it is estimated that the genus Nannaria contains over 200 species, but only 25 were described as of 2006. By 2022, 78 species in Nannaria have been described.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polyxenida</span> Order of millipedes

Polyxenida is an order of millipedes readily distinguished by a unique body plan consisting of a soft, non-calcified body ornamented with tufts of bristles. These features have inspired the common names bristly millipedes or pincushion millipedes. This order includes about 148 species in four families worldwide, which represent the only living members of the subclass Penicillata.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chordeumatida</span> Order of millipedes

Chordeumatida is a large order of millipedes containing more than 1,400 species. Also known as sausage millipedes, they are found nearly worldwide. Chordeumatida is the largest order in the superorder Nematophora, a group also known as spinning millipedes because their telsons feature spinnerets used to build nests of silk. These millipedes produce this silk to create chambers in which to molt or to lay their eggs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Haplodesmidae</span> Family of millipedes

Haplodesmidae is a family of millipedes in the order Polydesmida. Species occur in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Oceania, although some species have been introduced to the New world tropics. Species are small bodied, often with elaborate sculpturing on the tergites, and some species are capable of rolling into a near-complete ball.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammodesmidae</span> Family of millipedes

Ammodesmidae is a family of small millipedes endemic to Africa, containing seven species in two genera. Ammodesmids range from 1.4 to 5.0 mm long with 18 or 19 body segments in both sexes, and are capable of rolling into a tight sphere.

Fuhrmannodesmidae is a family of millipedes belonging to the order Polydesmida. Although some authorities deem Fuhrmannodesmidae to be a junior synonym for Trichopolydesmidae, others still regard the taxonomic status of Fuhrmannodesmidae as valid. The family Fuhrmannodesmidae includes over 50 genera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cleidogonidae</span> Family of millipedes

Cleidogonidae is a family of millipedes in the order Chordeumatida. Adult millipedes in this family have 28, 29, or 30 segments. This family includes the genus Tianella, notable for featuring adult millipedes with 29 segments, a number not found in the adults of any other chordeumatidan species. Adults in most Tianella species have 29 segments, but adults in two have only 28 segments. In the Tianella species with 29 segments, adult females have 48 pairs of legs, as one would expect in adult female chordeumatidans with one segment fewer than the 30 usually found in this order. There are seven genera and at least 140 described species in Cleidogonidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metopidiotrichidae</span> Family of millipedes

Metopidiotrichidae is a family of millipedes in the order Chordeumatida. This family includes more than 70 species. These millipedes are found in Indochina, Australia, and on Pacific islands from New Zealand to Japan.

<i>Brachydesmus</i> Genus of millipedes

Brachydesmus is a genus of millipedes belonging to the family Polydesmidae. The Czech zoologist Camill Heller first described this genus to contain the type species B. subterraneus. This genus now includes about 75 described species.

Entomobielziidae is a family of millipedes belonging to the order Chordeumatida. This family includes 18 species, including 13 in the genus Tianella. Millipedes in this family are found in Romania, central Asia, and the Himalayas.

Kashmireumatidae is a small family of millipedes belonging to the order Chordeumatida. These millipedes range from 5mm to 14mm in length and are found in East Asia. Adult millipedes in this family have only 26 or 28 segments rather than the 30 segments usually found in this order. In the species Vieteuma topali, adults have 26 segments, whereas in all other species in this family, adults have 28 segments.

Agenodesmus is a genus of millipedes in the family Fuhrmannodesmidae, which some authorities consider a junior synonym of Trichopolydesmidae. This genus is notable for being among the very few genera in the order Polydesmida to feature adults with only 18 segments rather than the 20 segments usually found in this order. The genus Agenodesmus contains only two species, A. reticulatus and A. nullus. The type species A. reticulatus is notable as the first polydesmidan millipede discovered with only 18 segments in adults, the smallest number recorded in the order Polydesmida. Before the discovery of A. reticulatus, polydesmidans were known to have only 19 or 20 segments in adults.

Devillea is a genus of flat-backed millipedes in the family Xystodesmidae. These millipedes are rare and limited to caves. Species in this genus are found in Sardinia, Capri, and southern France in the Maritime Alps. These species are notable for featuring more than the 20 segments usually found in the order Polydesmida. This genus is one of only two genera in this order to feature these extra segments and the first such genus to be discovered.

Opisthocheiron is a genus of millipedes in the family Opisthocheiridae. These millipedes are found in France and Spain. The French entomologist Henri Ribaut created this genus in 1913 to contain the newly discovered type species Opisthocheiron penicillatum. This genus also includes the cave-dwelling species Opisthocheiron canayerensis, notable as one of only a few species in the order Chordeumatida with only 26 segments in adults, four fewer segments than typically found in adults in this order.

Chamaesoma is a monotypic genus of millipede in the family Chamaesomatidae, and Chamaesoma broelemanni is the only species in this genus. This millipede is notable as one of only a few species in the order Chordeumatida with only 26 segments in adults, four fewer segments than typically found in adults this order. This species lives on the surface of the soil and is distributed across most of France and Luxembourg. The genus Chamaesoma and its only species were first described by the German zoologist Karl W. Verhoeff in 1913 based on type material found by the French zoologists Henri Brölemann and Henri Ribaut under wet leaf litter near St. Béat in the Pyrenees in France.

Haasea hungarica is a species of millipede in the family Haaseidae. This species is a eutroglophile, capable of spending its entire life cycle in a cave but also capable of living on the surface outside of caves. Although these millipedes are often found in caves, this species has also been found on the soil surface in forests.

Tianella is a genus of millipedes in the family Entomobielziidae. This genus includes eleven species found in Nepal, one species found in Kazakhstan, and one species found in Kyrgyzstan. This genus is notable for including the only species in the order Chordeumatida with 29 segments in adults. Most species in this genus have 29 segments in adults rather than the 30 segments usually observed in this order.

Metamastigophorophyllon is a genus of millipedes in the family Anthroleucosomatidae. This genus includes millipedes found in Azerbaijan, Iran, Russia, and Georgia. All five species in this genus have 31 segments in adults. This genus is notable for including the only species in the order Chordeumatida with 31 segments rather than the 30 segments usually observed in adults in this order.

References

  1. ↑ "MilliBase - Devillea tuberculata Brölemann, 1902". www.millibase.org. Retrieved 2024-08-10.
  2. 1 2 Shear, William A.; Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes; Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti; Marek, Paul (2016-10-25). "A millipede missing link: Dobrodesmidae, a remarkable new polydesmidan millipede family from Brazil with supernumerary rings (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), and the establishment of a new suborder Dobrodesmidea". Zootaxa. 4178 (3): 371–390 [382-383]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.4. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   27811714.
  3. 1 2 Brölemann, H.W. (1910). "Biospeologica. XVII. Symphyles, Pselaphognathes, Polydesmoides et Lysiopetaloides (Myriapodes) (première série)". Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale, 5e série (in French). 5 (7): 339-378 [361-362] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Brölemann, H.-W. (1902). "Myriapodes Cavericoles". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (in French). 71: 448–460 [452-455] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Enghoff, Henrik; Dohle, Wolfgang; Blower, J. Gordon (1993). "Anamorphosis in Millipedes (Diplopoda) — The Present State of Knowledge with Some Developmental and Phylogenetic Considerations". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 109 (2): 103–234. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1993.tb00305.x.
  6. 1 2 Mesibov, Robert. "External Anatomy of Polydesmida: Body plans". myriapodology.org. Retrieved 2022-02-20.
  7. ↑ Brölemann, H.-W. (1902). "Myriapodes Cavericoles". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (in French). 71: 448–460 [452-455] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  8. 1 2 Minelli, Alessandro (2015-01-01). "Diplopoda — development". Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Myriapoda, Volume 2: 267–302 [284-285]. doi:10.1163/9789004188273_012. ISBN   978-90-04-18827-3.
  9. ↑ Means, Jackson C.; Hennen, Derek A.; Tanabe, Tsutomu; Marek, Paul E. (2021). "Phylogenetic Systematics of the Millipede Family Xystodesmidae". Insect Systematics and Diversity. 5 (2): 1–26 [22]. doi:10.1093/isd/ixab003. hdl: 10919/102616 .
  10. 1 2 3 4 Attems, Karl (1938). Lfg. 69 Myriapoda, 3. Polydesmoidea 2. Fam. Leptodesmidae, Platyrhachidae, Oxydesmidae, Gomphodesmidae (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 192–193. ISBN   9783111065182.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.