Ecuadorian general election, 2013

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Ecuadorian general election, 2013

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Nominee Rafael Correa Guillermo Lasso Lucio Gutiérrez
Party PAIS Alliance CREO PSP
Running mate Jorge Glas Juan Carlos Solines Pearl Boyes Fuller
Popular vote 4,918,482 1,951,102 578,875
Percentage 57.17% 22.68% 6.73%

Votos Presidente por Provincia Ecuador 2013.svg

Map of results of the first round by provinces.
President before election

Rafael Correa
PAIS Alliance

Elected President

Rafael Correa
PAIS Alliance

Ecuador
Coat of arms of Ecuador.svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Ecuador

General elections were held in Ecuador on 17 February 2013 to elect the President, the National Assembly, Provincial Assemblies and members of the Andean Parliament. [1] The incumbent President Rafael Correa was re-elected by a wide margin. [2] Correa's closest electoral rival, Guillermo Lasso, conceded the election shortly after it concluded.

Ecuador Republic in South America

Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland. The capital city is Quito and the largest city as well.

President of Ecuador position

The President of Ecuador officially called the President of the Republic of Ecuador serves as both the head of state and head of government of Ecuador, is the highest political office in the country as the head of the executive branch of government. As per the current Constitution, the President can serve two four-year terms. Prior to that, the president could only serve one four-year term.

Andean Parliament international parliament

The Andean Parliament is the governing and deliberative body of the Andean Community. It was created on October 25, 1979 in La Paz (Bolivia), through the Constitutive Treaty signed by the chancellors of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. It entered into force in January 1984.

Contents

The vote had been set for January 2013, but was put back a month to allow a full year to elapse after the reform of election rules. [3]

This was the first election since 1996 held after the natural expiration of a four-year presidential term. This due to a decade of political and economical instability that Ecuador experienced after Abdalá Bucaram was impeached by the former Congress, in late 1997, and that lasted until Correa's inauguration in early 2007. [4]

Abdalá Bucaram President of Ecuador

Abdalá Jaime Bucaram Ortiz is an Ecuadorian politician and lawyer who was President of Ecuador from August 10, 1996, to February 6, 1997. As President, Abdalá Bucaram was nicknamed "El Loco" and was removed from office after being declared mentally unfit to rule by the National Congress of Ecuador. Bucaram and his followers claim that all cases against him have been dismissed. After having lived in Panama under political asylum, he returned to Ecuador in 2017 when the charges against him expired.

Background

The call for general elections happened on October 18, 2012. The election campaigns were officially launched on January 4 and ended on February 14, as announced by CNE member Juan Pablo Pozo. [5]

Voters chose the president and vice president of the Republic, as well as national and provincial assembly members, members of the Andean Parliament, mayors, prefects, and other sectional officials. [6]

The seated President Correa, a two-term incumbent, is credited with bringing stability and prosperity to Ecuador's nearly 15 million people. A staunch friend of Venezuela's Hugo Chavez, he is usually described as "leftist" and "socialist." He is committed to poverty reduction through not just economic growth, but redistribution of wealth as well. As he told the CELAC Summit in 2015: "For the first time in the history of humanity this poverty is no longer due to a lack of resources, but rather is the fruit of inequality, and this, in turn, the product of perverse relations of power, where few have it all and many have nothing at all.” [7] This approach has generated fervent support as well as hostility from wealthy sectors in Ecuador; for example, his land reform policies for giving unproductive land to poor peasants has worried agribusiness, particularly the large flower and banana producers. He has vastly expanded the number of workers on the public sector and made health and education free for all Ecuadorians. Some have argued that Correa has clamped down on dissent in the country's news media, although journalists in Ecuador are not risking their lives as they are in other countries of the region. [8] [9] His government has run record-high deficits. In 2009, Correa became the first president of Ecuador to win re-election in nearly a half-century. [10]

Venezuela Republic in northern South America

Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and a large number of small islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. It has a territorial extension of 916,445 km2. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. With this last country, the Venezuelan government maintains a claim for Guayana Esequiba over an area of 159,542 km2. For its maritime areas, it exercises sovereignty over 71,295 km2 of territorial waters, 22,224 km2 in its contiguous zone, 471,507 km2 of the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean under the concept of exclusive economic zone, and 99,889 km2 of continental shelf. This marine area borders those of 13 states. The country has extremely high biodiversity and is ranked seventh in the world's list of nations with the most number of species. There are habitats ranging from the Andes Mountains in the west to the Amazon basin rain-forest in the south via extensive llanos plains, the Caribbean coast and the Orinoco River Delta in the east.

Land reform changes to land ownership

Land reform involves the changing of laws, regulations or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural land. Land reform can, therefore, refer to transfer of ownership from the more powerful to the less powerful, such as from a relatively small number of wealthy owners with extensive land holdings to individual ownership by those who work the land. Such transfers of ownership may be with or without compensation; compensation may vary from token amounts to the full value of the land.

The civil service is independent of government and is also composed mainly of career bureaucrats hired on professional merit rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership. A civil servant or public servant is a person employed in the public sector on behalf of a government department or agency. A civil servant or public servant's first priority is to represent the interests of citizens. The extent of civil servants of a state as part of the "civil service" varies from country to country. In the United Kingdom, for instance, only Crown employees are referred to as civil servants whereas county or city employees are not.

Democracy Code

In late 2012, Ecuador's Constitutional Court (CC) ruled on the adoption of the Democracy Code by a 6 to 3 vote in favor. The new resolution made the D'Hondt method of voting constitutional; therefore it was applied in the 2013 elections. The resolution also states that legal restrictions on the work of journalists during elections are unconstitutional. [11]

Presidential elections

Candidates

Eight presidential candidates were registered in the National Electoral Council. [12] The candidates were: Rafael Correa of the PAIS Alliance movement, Guillermo Lasso of the Creating Opportunities movement, Lucio Gutiérrez of the PSP party, Alberto Acosta Espinoza, candidate of the Coordinating Committee of the Left, Norman Wray, of the Ruptura 25 movement, Nelson Zavala, of the Roldosist Party, Mauricio Rodas, of the SUMA movement, and Álvaro Noboa, of PRIAN. [13]

Restrictions of the candidate's qualifications

The National Electoral Council (Spanish-language initials, CNE) approved the regulations for the registration and qualification of candidates running for President, Vice President, Assembly and the Andean Parliament for the election. The regulations established that candidates who have contracts with the State or have received final judgments for offenses penalized with imprisonment such as bribery, illicit enrichment and embezzlement, would not be allowed to participate. [14]

Parliamentary elections

Ecuadorians not only voted on February 17 for their president and vice-president, but as well as for 137 members of the national assembly; drawn from provinces, a national list, and six migrant spots, and for their five Andean Parliament representatives. [15]

Opinion polls

Surveys generally attributed between 50% and 60% of the votes to President Correa. The seven other candidates lagged far behind; Correa's nearest rival, Guillermo Lasso, was credited with 10—20% of the vote. [16]

Results

President

CandidatePartyVotes%
Rafael Correa Movimiento Alianza PAIS 4,918,48257.17
Guillermo Lasso Creating Opportunities 1,951,10222.68
Lucio Gutiérrez January 21 Patriotic Society Party 578,8756.73
Mauricio RodasSUMA335,5323.90
Álvaro Noboa Institutional Renewal Party of National Action 319,9563.72
Alberto Acosta Plurinational Unity of the Lefts 280,5393.26
Norman WrayRuptura 25112,5251.31
Nelson Zavala Ecuadorian Roldosist Party 105,5921.23
Invalid/blank votes863,257–
Total9,465,860100
Registered voters/turnout11,675,44181.09
Source: CNE

National Assembly

PartyVotes%Seats
NationalProvincialAbroadTotal+/–
Alianza PAIS 45,955,99552.308 86 6100+41
Creating Opportunities 10,032,80411.422 9 011New
Social Christian Party 7,901,3158.991 5 06–5
January 21 Patriotic Society Party 4,955,3205.641 4 05–14
Plurinational Unity of the Lefts 4,151,0004.721 4 05–4
Ecuadorian Roldosist Party 3,960,1884.511 0 01–2
SUMA2,829,0343.221 0 01New
Institutional Renewal Party of National Action 2,640,1813.000 0 00–7
Partido Avanza2,568,1562.920 5 05New
Ruptura 252,179,3832.480 0 00New
Socialist Party – Broad Front of Ecuador 698,8290.800 0 00–1
Independents and Regionalists ––– 3 03–
Invalid/blank votes2,083,795––––––
Total9,443,716100151166137+13
Registered voters/turnout11,675,44180.89–––––
Source: CNE, El Universo

Reactions

Banker Guillermo Lasso, the runner-up in the vote, conceded his defeat in broad terms, by stating: “I recognise the triumph of President Correa.” [10] Thousands of Correa's backers celebrated in Quito's main square just after the polls closed. Speaking from the balcony of the Presidential Palace, Correa thanked them for their "immense trust.” [17]

Related Research Articles

Politics of Ecuador

The politics of Ecuador are multi-party. The central government polity is a four-yearly elected presidential, unicameral representative democracy. The President of Ecuador is head of state and head of government on a multi-party system, leading a cabinet with further executive power. Legislative power is not limited to the National Assembly as it may to a lesser degree be exercised by the executive which consists of the President convening an appointed executive cabinet. Subsequent acts of the National Assembly are supreme over Executive Orders where sufficient votes have been cast by the legislators. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.There is also constitutional republic

Bolívar Province (Ecuador) Province in Ecuador

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Elections in Venezuela are held at a national level for the President of Venezuela as head of state and head of government, and for a unicameral legislature. The President of Venezuela is elected for a six-year term by direct election plurality voting, and is eligible for re-election. The National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) has 165 members (diputados), elected for five-year terms using a mixed member majoritarian system. Elections also take place at state level and local level.

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PAIS Alliance is an Ecuadorian center-left social democratic political party.

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Guillermo Lasso Ecuadorian politician

Guillermo Alberto Santiago Lasso Mendoza is an Ecuadorian businessman and politician. In the Ecuadorian general election, 2013 he was presidential candidate for the party Creating Opportunities. He landed in second place with 22.68% of valid votes but as incumbent President Rafael Correa received more than double that amount, namely 57.17%. Lasso is, through a trust named with his initials, GLM, the largest share holder in Banco de Guayaquil, where he has been executive president for more than 20 years.

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Events in the year 2017 in Ecuador.

Pamela Aguirre Zambonino politician from Ecuador

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References

  1. ↑ To present, 85 institutions are authorized by the National Electoral Council to issue publications | ANDES
  2. ↑ Neuman, William (February 17, 2013). "President Correa Handily Wins Re-election in Ecuador". The New York Times.
  3. ↑ "Ecuador's presidential election set for February 2013". Reuters. February 24, 2012.
  4. ↑ "Los 7 años de Correa en Ecuador: estabilidad en medio de éxitos y críticas" January 17, 2014. La República
  5. ↑ Ecuador will convene for elections on October 18 | ANDES
  6. ↑ Ecuador Times - CNE Introduced 2013 Election Calendar
  7. ↑
  8. ↑ Garcia, Eduardo (2013-02-18). "Ecuador's re-elected Correa vows media and land reforms". Reuters. Retrieved 2013-02-22.
  9. ↑ Associated Press in Quito (2013-02-18). "Ecuador's President Rafael Correa says citizens will be in charge, not money | World news | guardian.co.uk". London: Guardian. Retrieved 2013-02-22.
  10. 1 2 Gill, Nathan. "Ecuador Re-Elects Correa on Vow to Spend Amid Record Deficit". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2013-02-22.
  11. ↑ Constitutional Court resolves Democracy Code | EcuadorTimes.net | Breaking News, Ecuador News, World, Sports, Entertainment
  12. ↑ The electoral race for votes starts today | EcuadorTimes.net | Breaking News, Ecuador News, World, Sports, Entertainment
  13. ↑ On the road and in meetings, eight candidates begin their race for the Ecuadorian presidency | ANDES
  14. ↑ CNE issues new restrictions for candidates qualification | EcuadorTimes.net | Breaking News, Ecuador News, World, Sports, Entertainment
  15. ↑ Ecuador: Correa launches re-election campaign, socialists give critical support | Green Left Weekly
  16. ↑ Rafael Correa's new challenge
  17. ↑ Neuman, William (18 February 2013). "Rafael Correa Wins Re-election in Ecuador". The New York Times.
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