Eucalyptus effusa

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Rough-barked gimlet
Eucalyptus effusa.jpg
Eucalyptus effusa near Balladonia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. effusa
Binomial name
Eucalyptus effusa

Eucalyptus effusa, commonly known as rough-barked gimlet, [2] is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has thin, rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped to conical fruit.

Contents

flower buds Eucalyptus effusa buds.jpg
flower buds
flowers and fruit Eucalyptus effusa fruit.jpg
flowers and fruit

Description

Eucalyptus effusa is a mallee or small tree that typically grows to a height of 2 to 6 metres (7 to 20 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has persistent, thin ribbony bark on the trunk, sometimes on the lower branches and smooth brownish bark above. Young plants and coppice regrowth have lance-shaped to curved leaves that are 55–115 mm (2.2–4.5 in) long and 5–50 mm (0.20–1.97 in) wide and petiolate. Adult leaves are linear to narrow lance-shaped, usually the same glossy green on both sides, 50–125 mm (2.0–4.9 in) long and 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in) wide on a petiole 5–18 mm (0.20–0.71 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven in leaf axils on a peduncle 4–15 mm (0.16–0.59 in) long, the individual buds on a pedicel 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) long. Mature buds are oval to more or less cylindrical, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide with a conical operculum. Flowering mainly occurs from October to March and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped to conical capsule 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long and 4–7 mm (0.16–0.28 in) wide with the valves at rim level or extended beyond it. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus effusa was first formally described in 1976 by the botanist Ian Brooker who published the description in the journal Nuytsia. The type specimen was collected by George Chippendale between Norseman and Balladonia in 1967. [5] [6]

In 1991, Lawrie Johnson and Ken Hill described two subspecies that have been accepted by the Australian Plant Census and the descriptions were published in the journal Telopea: [7]

E. effusa is one of the nine true gimlet species that have buds in groups of seven, and the only gimlet that is a mallee. The other true gimlets are E. campaspe , E. creta , E. diptera , E. jimberlanica , E. ravida , E. terebra , E. salubris and E. tortilis . [11] [12]

Distribution and habitat

Rough-barked gimlet is found on stony rises and plains between the Fraser Range and Balladonia in the Coolgardie and Nullarbor biogeographic regions of Western Australia where it grows in shallow sandy or loamy soils over greenstone or laterite. [13]

Desert gimlet is only known from a small area near Youanmi. [14] [7]

Conservation status

Both subspecies of Eucalyptus effusa are classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. [13] [14]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<i>Eucalyptus leptopoda</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus leptopoda, commonly known as the Tammin mallee or Merredin mallee, is a species of mallee or rarely a tree, that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth mottled grey or brownish bark, sometimes with rough bark near the base, linear to curved adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven and eleven, creamy white flowers and hemispherical to flattened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus balladoniensis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus balladoniensis, commonly known as the Balladonia mallee, is a mallee that is endemic to an area in the south of Western Australia. It has rough bark on the lower half of its stems, smooth brownish bark above, lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, pale yellow flowers and hemispherical to more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus fraseri</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus fraseri, commonly known as Balladonia gum, is a species of tree or mallet that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth white to greyish bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus kessellii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus kessellii, commonly known as Jerdacuttup mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has very hard, rough bark on the trunk of larger specimens, smooth greyish and brownish bark above, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and downturned, conical to cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus leptocalyx</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus leptocalyx, commonly known as Hopetoun mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, creamy white flowers and barrel-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus mannensis</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus mannensis, commonly known as Mann Range mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to Western Australia, South Australian and the Northern Territory. It has rough bark at the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, creamy white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus pileata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus pileata, commonly known as the capped mallee, is a species of mallee that is native to South Australia and Western Australia. It has smooth greyish bark, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, conical or barrel-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus protensa is a species of mallee that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth, dark grey or brownish bark, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, elongated flower buds in groups of seven, yellowish green flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus pruinosa</i> Species of tree

Eucalyptus pruinosa, commonly known as silver box, silver leaf box, apple box or smoke tree, is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to northern Australia. The Jaminjung peoples know the tree as yarrirra or jarnbiny, the Jaru as wararn and the Wagiman as wararn. It has rough, fibrous to flaky bark on the trunk and branches, a crown composed of juvenile, glaucous, heart-shaped to broadly elliptical leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds arranged in groups of seven on the ends of branches, creamy white to pale yellow flowers and cylindrical to conical fruit.

Eucalyptus ravida is a species of small mallet that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth, shiny bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus sargentii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus sargentii, commonly known as Salt River gum, is a species of mallet, mallee or small tree that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough bark on part or all of the trunk, smooth bark above, linear to narrow lance-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, whitish to creamy yellow flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus scyphocalyx</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus scyphocalyx, commonly known as goblet mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to southern areas of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

Eucalyptus tortilis is a species of mallet and a gimlet that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and hemispherical to cup-shaped fruit.

Eucalyptus vegrandis, commonly known as the Ongerup mallee or Cranbrook mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, linear to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped or conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus yalatensis</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus yalatensis, commonly known as the Yalata mallee, is a species of mallee or a shrub that is endemic to southern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the stems, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds mostly in groups of nine, creamy white or yellowish flowers and hemispherical to shortened spherical fruit.

Corymbia deserticola is a species of straggly tree, a mallee or a shrub that is native to Western Australia and the Northern Territory. It has rough, tessellated bark on the trunk and branches, mostly sessile, heart-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven on each branch of a peduncle, creamy yellow flowers and urn-shaped to shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus celastroides</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus celastroides, commonly known by the Noongar name of mirret, is a species of eucalypt that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a mallee, rarely a tree, and has rough bark on about half of the lower half of its tunk, smooth above, narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and urn-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus terebra</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus terebra, commonly known as Balladonia gimlet, is a species of gimlet that is endemic to Western Australia. It has satiny or glossy bark on its fluted trunk, linear to narrow lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellowish flowers and conical to hemispherical fruit. It is one of the seven species of gimlet.

<i>Eucalyptus socialis <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> eucentrica</i> Subspecies of plant

Eucalyptus socialis subsp. eucentrica, commonly known as the inland red mallee, is a subspecies of mallee that is endemic to inland Australia. It usually has rough bark on the base of the trunk, smooth bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, pale creamy yellow flowers and barrel-shaped to urn-shaped or spherical fruit.

References

  1. "Eucalyptus effusa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  2. 1 2 "Eucalyptus effusa". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  3. "Eucalyptus effusa". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Researcu. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  4. Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus effusa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra.
  5. "Eucalyptus effusa". APNI. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  6. Brooker, M. Ian H. (1976). "Six new taxa of Eucalyptus from Western Australia". Nuytsia. 2 (2): 108–110. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Johnson, Lawrence A.S.; Hill, Kenneth D. (1 March 1991). "Systematic studies in the eucalypts - 2. A revision of the gimlets and related species: Eucalyptus extracodical series Salubres and Annulatae (Myrtaceae)". Telopea. 4 (2): 215–217. doi: 10.7751/telopea19914927 .
  8. "Eucalyptus effusa subsp. effusa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  9. "Eucalyptus effusa subsp. exsul". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 June 2019.
  10. Dean Nicolle (April 2015). "Classification of the Eucalypts" (PDF). Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  11. French, Malcolm E. (2012). Eucalypts of Western Australia's Wheatbelt : Eucalypts of Western Australia. Perth: Malcolm French. pp. 102–103. ISBN   9780646590660.
  12. Chippendale, George M. (1988). Flora of Australia (Volume 19) Myrtaceae - Eucalyptus, Angophora. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service. p. 235. ISBN   0644058668.
  13. 1 2 "Eucalyptus effusa subsp. effusa". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  14. 1 2 "Eucalyptus effusa subsp. exsul". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.