Flag of the Gambia

Republic of The Gambia

Use	National flag and ensign
Proportion	2:3
Adopted	18 February 1965;60 years ago (1965-02-18)
Design	A horizontal tricolor of red, blue and green; each band of colour is separated by a narrow band of white
Designed by	Pa Louis Thomasi
Standard of the President
Design	A blue flag with the national coat of arms charged in the center.

Gambian flag on Kunta Kinteh Island

The national flag of The Gambia consists of three horizontal red, blue and green bands separated by two thin white stripes. ^[1] Adopted in 1965 to replace the British Blue Ensign defaced with the arms of the Gambia Colony and Protectorate, it has been the flag of the Republic of the Gambia since the country gained independence that year. It remained unchanged throughout the Gambia's seven-year confederation with Senegal.

History

The British first arrived in what is now modern-day Gambia in 1661, when they conquered James Island. They proceeded to construct forts around the confluence of the Gambia River with the Atlantic Ocean, and gradually expanded their control upstream. This area became a protectorate in the 1820s under the jurisdiction of Sierra Leone, and eventually emerged as a separate crown colony of the United Kingdom within its colonial empire in 1888. ^[2] This newfound status gave the Gambia its own "distinctive" colonial flag. ^[3] This is because colonies were permitted to utilize the British Blue Ensign and deface it with the arms of the territory under the Colonial Naval Defence Act 1865. The arms of the Gambia at the time consisted of a circle depicting an elephant, a palm tree and hills, along with the letter "G" standing for the first letter of the territory's name. ^[3]

The Gambia was granted self-governance in 1963. ^[2] The defaced blue ensign continued to be used until full independence was granted in 1965. ^[4] The winning design for the new flag was created by Louis Thomasi, who worked as an accountant. ^{[3] [5]} It is one of the few African flags that does not utilize the colours of the country's leading political party, since its design "has no political basis". ^{[4] [6]} It was first hoisted at midnight on February 18, 1965, the day the Gambia became an independent country. ^{[7] [8]} In 1982, the Gambia formed a confederation with Senegal, which lasted for seven years before its dissolution in 1989. ^[2] However, this closer union did not result in change of national symbols, and the Gambian flag continued to be flown during this time. ^[4]

Chronology

Flag	Date	Use	Description
	1324–1506	Flag used by the Mali Empire in The Gambia
	1450–1485	Flag used in the Portuguese colonization of The Gambia
	1485–1495	Flag used in the Portuguese colonization of The Gambia
	1495–1521	Flag used in the Portuguese colonization of The Gambia
	1521–1578	Flag used in the Portuguese colonization of The Gambia
	1578–1588	Flag used in the Portuguese colonization of The Gambia
	1588–1651 1661–1681	Flag used in the English colonization of The Gambia
	1651–1659 1660–1661	Merchant ensign used in the Couronian colonization of The Gambia
	1659–1660	The Prince's Flag used in the Dutch colonization of The Gambia
	1659–1660	The States Flag used in the Dutch colonization of The Gambia
	1684–1695	Flag used by the Royal African Company in The Gambia
	1695–1699 1779–1783	Flag used in the French colonization of The Gambia
	1713–1779 1783–1801	The Union Jack used in the British colonization of The Gambia
	1801–1870	The Union Jack used in the British colonization of The Gambia
	1870–1889	Flag of British West Africa
	1870–1889	Flag of the governor-in-chief of British West Africa
	1889–1965	Flag of the Gambia Colony and Protectorate
	1901–1965	Flag of the governor of The Gambia
	1965–1970	Flag of the governor-general of The Gambia

Design

Pillars painted with the Gambian flag colours

Symbolism

The colours of the flag carry cultural, political, and regional meanings. The blue alludes to the Gambia River, which is the nation's key geographical feature and from which the country derives its name. ^[3] The red evokes the sun – given the Gambia's close proximity to the Equator ^[3] – as well as the savanna, ^{[4] [9]} while the thin white stripes represent "unity and peace". ^{[3] [9]} The green symbolizes the forest ^[4] and the agricultural goods that the Gambian people are heavily dependent on, both for exports and their personal use. ^[3]

Similarities

The flag's colour scheme of red, blue, green and white is the same as the one featured on the coat of arms of the Gambia. ^[3]

Construction sheet

• 
  flag construction sheet

Governmental flags

Flag	Date	Use	Description
		Standard of the President	A blue flag with the national coat of arms charged in the center.
		Standard of Gambian Ambassadors	The national flag with the coat of arms of the Gambia in the center.

Other uses

Following the 2013 general election in Luxembourg, a three-party coalition between the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP), the Democratic Party (DP) and The Greens was formed. ^{[10] [11]} It was labelled a "Gambia coalition", because the colours of the three political parties are identical to the ones on the flag of the Gambia – red (LSAP), blue (DP) and Green (The Greens). ^{[11] [12]}

Military flags and ensigns

Military flags and ensigns of the Gambia are following British practice but different from British military flags and ensigns.^{[ citation needed ]}

See also

• Coat of arms of the Gambia

References

Footnotes

1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Gambia-flag-of-The
2. "History of The Gambia". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
3. Smith, Whitney. "Gambia, flag of The". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Archived from the original on May 23, 2014. Retrieved May 21, 2014.(subscription required)
4. Dorling Kindersley 2008, p. 77.
5. Dabo, Bakary (1992). The voice of the people: the story of the PPP, 1959–1989. Baroueli. Retrieved May 22, 2014. … Mr. Louis Thomasi, a private accountant, was selected as most suitable.
6. Dorling Kindersley 2008, p. 101.
7. "1965: Countdown to Gambian independence". BBC On This Day. BBC. Archived from the original on March 14, 2021. Retrieved May 21, 2014.
8. "Gambia Flag Takes Place of Union Jack". The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. February 18, 1965. Retrieved May 22, 2014.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
9. "Gambia, The". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on September 10, 2021. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
10. Norman, Laurence (December 2, 2013). "Luxembourg Parties Strike Deal Paving Way for New Government". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
11. Taylor, Simon (December 4, 2013). "Bettel to lead three-party 'Gambia' coalition in Luxembourg". European Voice. Archived from the original on October 12, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2014.(subscription required)
12. "Three-way "Gambia Coalition": a first for Luxembourg". Luxemburger Wort. October 22, 2013. Archived from the original on July 7, 2017. Retrieved May 22, 2014.

Bibliography

• Complete Flags of the World . Dorling Kindersley Ltd. 2008. ISBN   9780756641153 . Retrieved May 22, 2014.

External links

• Gambia Flag at World Flags 101