| Hainanphasma | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Phasmatodea |
| Superfamily: | Bacilloidea |
| Family: | Heteropterygidae |
| Subfamily: | Dataminae |
| Tribe: | Datamini |
| Genus: | Hainanphasma Ho, 2013 |
| Species | |
Hainanphasma is a genus of medium-sized, slender Phasmatodea species native to the Chinese island Hainan. [1] [2]
The genus Hainanphasma is closely related to Orestes and Pylaemenes . The species are elongated and cylindrical and have slimmer and thinner antennae than other Datamini. Females reach a length of 42 to 52 millimetres (1.7 to 2.0 in), the previously known males reaches lengths of 35 to 42 millimetres (1.4 to 1.7 in). The punctulate occipital crest, which is extended backwards and is seen in both sexes, is considered typical of the genus. The posterior dorsal edges of the middle and hind femurs shows three distinct fin-like lamellae, the two posterior being larger than the anterior. Males have a distinct hump on the fourth and fifth segments of the abdomen. The eggs of this genus are distinctive and unique within the subfamily, somewhat resembling those of Planispectrum . The capsule is dark brown, almost oval, punctulate and covered with small elevated brownish spots. The micropylar plate is distinctly convex, laterally dilated and the posterior arms enclose the capsule but are not connected to each others. The rim of the micropylar plate is greatly elevated. The operculum is oval and punctulate. Medial it is conical and has elevated brownish spots. [2]
The range of the genus is the Chinese island of Hainan, where one species has been found in Jianfengling, Yinggeling, Wuzhishan, Huishan and Shangxi, the other one in Diaoluoshan. There they are widely distributed in most remaining primary forests areas. [2]
George Ho Wai-Chun described the genus and its only species in 2013 along with three species from other genera. The genus name refers to the locality of the two species. Hainanphasma cristata was defined as type species, from which a total of 12 females, 11 males and 15 eggs were examined. All specimens are stored as type material. The female chosen as the holotype can be found in the collection of the Museum of Biology of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangdong, where five eggs, one female and three males paratypes are preserved. The remaining paratypes are deposited in the Shanghai Entomological Museum, in the collection of the Hong Kong Entomological Society, and in Ho's private collection. Most of these specimens were collected by Ho and found between June 2008 and July 2011. From Hainanphasma diaoluoshanensis only the female holotype collected by Ho on July 6, 2011 is known, which is also deposited in the collection of the Museum of Biology of the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangdong. [2]
Valid species are: [1]
Pylaemenes is a genus of stick insects in the family Heteropterygidae and subfamily Dataminae. It combines small to medium-sized, often brightly colored Phasmatodea species. Their representatives are found in large parts of Southeast Asia.
The genus Orestes combines relatively small and elongated Phasmatodea species from Southeast and East Asia.
Datamini is the only tribe within the subfamily of the Dataminae from the order of the Phasmatodea. The representatives of this subfamily are on average not as large as those of the other two subfamilies belonging to the family of Heteropterygidae.
The genus Microrestes combines relatively small and squat Phasmatodea species from continental Southeast Asia and South China.
Mearnsiana is a monotypic genus of stick insects, containing Mearnsiana bullosa as the so far only described representative.
Orestes mouhotii is an insect species belonging to the order of Phasmatodea. Because of its synyonym Orestes verruculatus, it is the type species of the genus Orestes. Because of its compact body shape, the species is sometimes referred to as small cigar stick insect.
Orestes bachmaensis is a Phasmatodea species native to central Vietnam.
Orestes guangxiensis is a representative of the genus Orestes.
Orestes japonicus, a stick insect, is a representative of the genus Orestes.
Orestes shirakii is a species of stick insects native to Taiwan.
Dares murudensis is a relatively small species of stick insect. Like most other members of the genus Dares, the species is native to Borneo.
Dares philippinensis is a species of stick insects. This species is not native to Borneo like most other members of the genus Dares, but to the Philippine island Palawan.
Dares ulula is a species of stick insects. Like most other members of the genus Dares, the species is native to Borneo, more precisely in the northwest of the island. The males are extremely prickly even for the representatives of the genus Orestes. Females are colored with a relatively high contrast.
Trachyaretaon carmelae is a species of stick insects. Even if there was no formal synonymisation, Trachyaretaon brueckneri is generally used as its synonym.
Tisamenus serratorius is a stick insect species that occurs on the Philippine island Luzon.
Tisamenus deplanatus is a stick insect species native to the Philippine islands Luzon and Mindanao occurs.
Tisamenus clotho is a stick insect species native to the Philippines.
Pylaemenes konchurangensis is a species of stick insects native in Vietnam. The species has been described in the genus Pylaemenes, but from its morphological characters it belongs in the genus Orestes.
Planispectrum hongkongense is a Phasmatodea species native to Hong Kong, of which only females are known so far.
Microrestes robustus is a stick insect species native to northwestern Vietnam.
Data related to Hainanphasma at Wikispecies