Cagayan,officially the Province of Cagayan,is a province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region,covering the northeastern tip of Luzon. Its capital is the city of Tuguegarao. It is about 431 kilometres (268 mi) northwest of Manila,and includes the Babuyan Islands to the north. The province borders Ilocos Norte and Apayao to the west,and Kalinga and Isabela to the south.
The People Power Revolution,also known as the EDSA Revolution or the February Revolution,was a series of popular demonstrations in the Philippines,mostly in Metro Manila,from February 22 to 25,1986. There was a sustained campaign of civil resistance against regime violence and electoral fraud. The nonviolent revolution led to the departure of Ferdinand Marcos,the end of his 20-year dictatorship and the restoration of democracy in the Philippines.
The Philippine Revolution was a war of independence waged by the revolutionary organization Katipunan against Spain from 1896 to 1898. It was the culmination of the 333-year colonial rule of Spain to the archipelago. The Philippines were among the last colonies of the Spanish Empire,which saw a massive decline particularly in the 1890s. Cuba rebelled in 1895,and the empire soon fought against the United States in a war that they lost. In June 1898,Philippine revolutionaries declared independence. However,this was not recognized by Spain,which sold the islands to the United States in the Treaty of Paris.
Juan Valentin Furagganan Ponce Enrile Sr.,,also referred to by his initials JPE,is a Filipino politician and lawyer known for his role in the administration of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos;his role in the failed coup that helped hasten the 1986 People Power Revolution and the ouster of Marcos;and his tenure in the Philippine legislature in the years after the revolution. Enrile has served four terms in the Senate,in a total of twenty-two years,he holds the third longest-tenure in the history of the upper chamber. In 2022,at the age of 98,he returned to government office as the Chief Presidential Legal Counsel in the administration of President Bongbong Marcos.
From 1986 to 1987,there were several plots to overthrow Philippine President Corazon Aquino involving various members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. A significant number of the military participants in these attempts belonged to the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM),while others were identified loyalists of former President Ferdinand Marcos,who had been deposed in the People Power Revolution in late February 1986.
The most serious attempted coup d'état against the government of Philippine President Corazon Aquino was staged beginning December 1,1989,by members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines belonging to the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) and soldiers loyal to former President Ferdinand Marcos. Metro Manila was shaken by this Christmas-time coup,which almost seized Malacañang Palace. It was completely defeated by the Philippine government by December 9,1989.
The Republic of Biak-na-Bato was the second revolutionary republican government led by Emilio Aguinaldo during the Philippine Revolution that referred to itself as the Republic of the Philippines and was seated in what is now Biak-na-Bato National Park. The current designation was adopted by historians to avoid confusion with the name of the current Philippine government,which also refers to itself as the Republic of the Philippines,and with other past Philippine governments using the same designation.
Billy C. Bibit was a Filipino retired colonel and a Philippine Constabulary lieutenant colonel who led a series of attempted coups against former President of the Philippines Corazon Aquino during the 1980s as a member of the Revolutionary Patriot Alliance.
Corazon Aquino became the 11th President of the Philippines following the People Power Revolution or EDSA 1,and spanned a six-year period from February 25,1986,to June 30,1992. Aquino's relatively peaceful ascension to the Philippine presidency signaled the end of authoritarian rule of Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines,and drew her and the Filipino people international acclaim and admiration.
The Reform the Armed Forces Movement,also referred to by the acronym RAM,was a cabal of officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) known for several attempts to seize power in the Philippines during the 1980s and 1990s. In 1986,some of these officers launched a failed coup d'état against Ferdinand Marcos,prompting a large number of civilians to attempt to prevent Marcos from wiping the RAM rebels out. This eventually snowballed into the 1986 People Power revolution which ended the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos and forced him into exile. RAM later attempted six coups d'état against the administration of Corazon Aquino.
1986 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 1986.
1987 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 1987.
1990 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 1990.
The 1990 Mindanao revolt was an uprising that occurred in parts of the island of Mindanao in the southern Philippines. It began when Alexander Noble,a dissident Philippine Army colonel linked to the 1989 Philippine coup attempt against President Corazon Aquino,and his supporters,which included Mindanaoan separatists,seized two military garrisons in Cagayan de Oro and Butuan without firing a shot and unilaterally proclaimed the independence of the Federal Republic of Mindanao on October 4,1990,to be led by a civilian-military junta and with an ultimate goal of removing Aquino from office. However,Noble failed to gain support,and surrendered two days later following attacks by government forces. The revolt was the last overt attempt to overthrow Aquino's government until the end of her term in 1992.
Tuguegarao,officially the City of Tuguegarao,is a 3rd class component city and capital of the province of Cagayan,Philippines. According to the 2020 census,it has a population of 166,334 people,making it the most populous city in Cagayan Valley and Northeastern Luzon.
The February 1986 Reform the Armed Forces Movement coup was set in motion by the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) under the leadership of Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile to depose then-president Ferdinand Marcos,but was discovered and aborted in its earliest stages on February 22,1986. The coup's intent was to take advantage of the public disruption arising from revelations of cheating during the 1986 Philippine presidential election,and replace Marcos with a military junta which would include Enrile,Philippine Constabulary Chief Fidel V. Ramos,then-Presidential Candidate Corazon Aquino,and Roman Catholic Cardinal Jaime Sin,among others,which Enrile and the RAM Colonels would control from behind the scenes.
On August 28,1987,a coup d'état against the government of Philippine President Corazon Aquino was staged by members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) belonging to the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) led by Colonel Gregorio Honasan,who had been a former top aide of ousted Defense Secretary Juan Ponce Enrile,one of the instigators of the People Power Revolution that brought Aquino to power in 1986. The coup was repelled by military forces loyal to Aquino within the day,although Honasan managed to escape.
On January 27,1987,a coup d'état against the government of Philippine President Corazon Aquino was staged by civilian and military supporters of Aquino's deposed predecessor,Ferdinand Marcos. The soldiers were members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) who belonged to the Guardians Brotherhood,Inc (GBI) led by Colonel Oscar Canlas. They launched failed attacks on Philippine Air Force (PAF) installations at Villamor Air Base in Pasay and Sangley Point Air Station in Cavite,and occupied the GMA-7 television station in Quezon City for 61 hours before surrendering on January 29.
The siege of the Manila Hotel was an occupation of the Manila Hotel,a luxury hotel in the Philippine capital Manila,led by former vice-presidential candidate Arturo Tolentino and other military and civilian supporters of deposed President Ferdinand Marcos as part of a coup attempt to overthrow his successor,Corazon Aquino and restore him to power,on 6–8 July 1986. The coup failed to gain extensive support,and ended on 8 July with the departure of most participants and the surrender of others.
The God Save the Queen Plot was a planned coup in November 1986 by Minister of National Defense Juan Ponce Enrile and the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM),a dissident faction within the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) to overthrow President Corazon Aquino,whom it helped install during the People Power Revolution nine months before. However,the staging of the coup was delayed and ultimately stopped by maneuvers within the AFP led by Chief of Staff General Fidel Ramos before a shot was even fired. As a result,Enrile was subsequently fired by Aquino from her cabinet.
Philippine government 
Reform the Armed Forces Movement 