Hypsibius dujardini

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Hypsibius dujardini
Waterbear.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Tardigrada
Class: Eutardigrada
Order: Parachela
Family: Hypsibiidae
Genus: Hypsibius
Species:
H. dujardini
Binomial name
Hypsibius dujardini
(Doyère, 1840)
Synonyms
  • Macrobiotus dujardiniDoyère, 1840

Hypsibius dujardini sensu lato is a species complex of tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada. A member of this complex, Hypsibius exemplaris, is widely used for various research projects pertaining to evolutionary biology and astrobiology. [1]

Contents

H. exemplaris was differentiated from H. dujardini sensu stricto in 2018. Earlier studies refer to this lab species from northwest England as H. dujardini. H. dujardini s.s. is found in France, and has differences in 18S rRNA sequence and morphological details. [1]

Habitat

The species, Hypsibius dujardini, is a tardigrade that prefers freshwater lakes, rivers, and streams. Because they are considered cosmopolitan, their geographical range is immense. They can be found in regions like the tropics and the poles. [2]

Genome sequencing

The genome of Hypsibius exemplaris has been sequenced. [3] [4] Hypsibius exemplaris has a compact genome and a generation time of about two weeks. It can be cultured indefinitely and cryopreserved. [5]

Protection of DNA

Hypsibius exemplaris contains an ortholog of the nuclear protein termed Dsup for damage suppression. [6] Dsup binds to nucleosomes and protects chromatin DNA from hydroxyl radicals that could be generated by ionizing radiation or by hydrogen peroxide. [6]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eutardigrade</span> Class of tardigrades

Eutardigrada are a class of tardigrades (Tardigrada) without lateral appendages. Primarily freshwater bound, some species have secondarily gained the ability to live in marine environments (Halobiotus). By cryptobiosis many species are able to live temporarily in very dry environments. More than 700 species have been described.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panarthropoda</span> Animal taxon

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Eremobiotus is a genus of tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada.

<i>Milnesium tardigradum</i> Species of tardigrade

Milnesium tardigradum is a cosmopolitan species of tardigrade that can be found in a diverse range of environments. It has also been found in the sea around Antarctica. M. tardigradum was described by Louis Michel François Doyère in 1840. It contains unidentified osmolytes that could potentially provide important information in the process of cryptobiosis.

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Macrobiotus shonaicus is a species of tardigrade in the family Macrobiotidae. As of 2018 it is only known from its type locality: Tsuruoka, Japan. The species description was published in 2018. The insides of their first three pairs of legs have a slight fold above their claws, and their eggs have processes whose terminal discs split off into thin filaments.

<i>Hypsibius vaskelae</i> Species of tardigrade

Hypsibius vaskelae is a species of tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada. The species was described from a freshwater sample near Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has wrinkled cuticle and cuticular bars between the bases of its claws on the first four legs. The species most closely resembles Hypsibius marcelli and Hypsibius septulatus, although has a wrinkled dorsal cuticle, thinner claws, and presence of lunules on the claws of all legs.

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References

  1. 1 2 Gąsiorek, Piotr; Stec, Daniel; Morek, Witold; Michalczyk, Łukasz (2018). "An integrative redescription of Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840), the nominal taxon for Hypsibioidea (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)". Zootaxa. 4415 (1): 45–75. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4415.1.2. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   30313631.
  2. McFatter, M; Meyer, H; Hinton, J (2007). "Nearctic freshwater tardigrades: A review". Journal of Limnology. 66 (1): 84. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.851.3263 . doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2007.s1.84.
  3. Koutsovoulos, Georgios; Kumar, Sujai; Laetsch, Dominik R.; Stevens, Lewis; Daub, Jennifer; Conlon, Claire; Maroon, Habib; Thomas, Fran; Aboobaker, Aziz A.; Blaxter, Mark (2016). "No evidence for extensive horizontal gene transfer in the genome of the tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 113 (18): 5053–5058. Bibcode:2016PNAS..113.5053K. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1600338113 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   4983863 . PMID   27035985.
  4. Yoshida, Yuki; Koutsovoulos, Georgios; Laetsch, Dominik R.; Stevens, Lewis; Kumar, Sujai; Horikawa, Daiki D.; Ishino, Kyoko; Komine, Shiori; Kunieda, Takekazu; Tomita, Masaru; Blaxter, Mark; Arakawa, Kazuharu; Tyler-Smith, Chris (27 July 2017). "Comparative genomics of the tardigrades Hypsibius dujardini and Ramazzottius varieornatus". PLOS Biology. 15 (7): e2002266. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2002266 . PMC   5531438 . PMID   28749982.
  5. Gabriel, W; et al. (2007). "The tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini, a new model for studying the evolution of development". Developmental Biology . 312 (2): 545–559. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.09.055. PMID   17996863.
  6. 1 2 Chavez C, Cruz-Becerra G, Fei J, Kassavetis GA, Kadonaga JT (October 2019). "The tardigrade damage suppressor protein binds to nucleosomes and protects DNA from hydroxyl radicals". eLife. 8: e47682. doi: 10.7554/eLife.47682 . PMC   6773438 . PMID   31571581.